Socialist Fure Sharl a me kona mau manao. Kawaihae a me na hana o Charles Fourier

Utopian Socialist Sharl Fure noonoo wale he maikaʻi ke kaiāulu kanaka, me ka moku'āina ka monopoly ma ka mana. I loko nō o ka mea i ka manao o unrealistic, Fourier kumumanaʻo i he nui hopena ma Marxism a me Socialist manaÿo.

kamaliʻi

April 7, 1772 ma ka 'ohana nō waiwai kalepa ma Besancon i ke keiki - Fure Sharl. E like me ke keiki, i ke keiki, ua haawiia mai he manawa nui i ka hoʻomaopopo i kaʻokoʻa Sciences a Arts, ua hookoaiaʻe e ka welelau o ka moe wale, punahele pastime i ka heluhelu a me ka mele. Oia i ka noho 'ana kamaliʻi ke kinona o ka philosophical a me ka lakou noonoo mentality, i ho'ākāka' ia i ka hope hana keiki. Olelo hoʻonaʻauao Charles he nui wale na wahi i wāhiʻia,ʻo ia aʻo ma ka Jesuit kulanui, a ma hope kekahi manawa aʻo likeʻole sciences no ka manawa, i ka wa i loli dramatically ola. make aku la kona makuakane, a me ka ole i kona mau mea a pau i loko o''he kulana. No laila, i ka Fourier 18-makahiki-kahiko i puʻe wale akula kēlā e kū ma hope o ke ee ma ka hale kūʻai, e loaʻa ke kālā, e hanai ana ia lakou iho, akā, eia no kona ola i kēia,ʻaʻole e waiho.

Ke huli ia

I loko nō o ka pono e hana, Sharl Fure, kona Kawaihae ua ole e hana pali 'ana e haʻalele, mau i ka makewai no ka ike a me ka noʻonoʻo. Ua alakai aku kekahi mau makahiki o ka hana, nā huakaʻi, ka waiwai, a me ka poho i ka mea ia i ka makahiki 1793 Fourier i ka mea nana o ka Shop o koloniala waiwai. Akā, laila, hele mai la ka PalaniʻOiʻenehana, a me ka mea nalowale a pau,ʻo ia i koho 'i loko o ke kaua, i kahi āna i hookuu i ola, a ua hou puʻe wale akula kēlā, e hoʻomaka lākou ke alanui, e ke Kakauolelo, a laila poloka. Akā, i kēia manawa a pau, aole ia i hooki ae hiki mai no ka ike, aʻo hou mea, e kiai ana i ke ao nei e hele ana, a me ka ia i ikea kekahi mau manaʻo.

schemer

makahiki he nui e hana ana i loko o kekahi papa hana, Fure Sharl kukulu likeʻole, i ke kumuhana. Lākou impracticability a haahaa pili ke hoike nei kapa aku ia i loko o kēia wā projectors. He mea hoihoi i loko o nā mea a pau, a ka mea makemake i ka hoʻoikaika 'ana. Ka Fure Sharl waiho i ke Kuhina o Pale Kaua manao no ke alo o ka ai ma ka hou ala, me kona manao ua hana ma luna o ka wahie a me ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia mawah, ka mea, ua hana ma luna o ka papahana ma luna o ka halihali ana o ka lehulehu ma o ka Rhine, ka mea, ua ulu ka papahana e hana i kekahi kūikawā papa o nā poloka. A pau kana mau hana loa pinepine i wale kahakaha, akā, ka mea, aole e pau ana noʻonoʻo haʻawina Fourier. Ma ka makahiki o ke kanakolu, ia i hope ike i kona oihana - e ia i ka nohona reformer, a ia ia e haawi i ka puu o ka manawa a me ka hana.

I ka 1803, ua palapala mai i ka uuku hoonoho ma koloniala kulekele, a hōʻike i ke originality o kona hihio, a wānana mana. Hope, i ka 1808, oia paʻi i kona mua nui hana "i ka kumumanaʻo o ka neʻe 'ana o eha a me ka mau destinies", a lilo iho la ia i ka mua o ka piha pähola' o Fourier. Ka puke Ua i weheia no e ola ka 'epekema hana wale no Charles manawa,ʻo ia i loaa i ka maikaʻi auhau o kona wā. No kekahi manawa ka mea, no ka mea, e kaua no lākou hale. A wale i ka makahiki 1822ʻo ia i ka haumāna a me ka haipule, ka poe uku kālā i ka puke o ka mea e hiki mai ana puke.

Ka pähola 'ana o ke ao ke kuʻikahi,

Back i loko o nā hana kakahiaka o Fourier sotsietarny formulates i ka manao no ka loli ana o capitalist lehulehu. Hope, i ke ao ana o ka thinker e holo ana i ka kumumanaʻo o ka ao ke kuʻikahi. Ka hoʻomaka kulana o ka hoʻokō 'o ka manaʻo i capitalism mea ole ka hope mua i loko o ka ulu ana o ke kaiāulu, ka mea, o ke koe wale no i ka malu o ke ao lokahi. He manaoio aku i ke kaiāulu e komo i ka hana ahahui - phalanges, ma kahi o 2 tausani kanaka, e ola no ka mea, i loko o ka phalanx.

Hana a me ka pono i kaʻana like 'mea maikaʻi, i kulike ai me na mea e pono ai o na kanaka. He manaoio aku ia ia phalansteries ke hana pono manawa ma ke kala o philanthropists. Ke kumu no ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka harmonious ke kaiāulu o ka pähola 'ana o maua, oa. E. Ka noa makemake o kanaka e ia i ke kumu no kā lākou hana imua. Fourier i manaoia e hoʻololi i ka holoʻokoʻa 'ole o ka hui, e hoʻomaka ana me ka hoʻonaʻauao' ia 'ana o na keiki, a, ma kona manao, i ka' ohana ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ole lawa wale. Ka Thinker ua ku e ka hoʻokahuli aupuni loli o ka nohona o ka papa, ka mea manaoio ia capitalism e hele i ka harmonious kaiāulu ma kanaka waiwai nui. Ka hou ke kaiāulu kanaka, ike aku la oia noa mai coercion a me ka papa mahele.

kaiapili o nā hoa

Ma na 20s o ka 18th kenekulia, Sharl Fure, nona ka manaʻo e pāhola ana a me ka hiʻona, hana a puni ia i ka uuku kaiapili no e like-manao kanaka. Ka mea, i hoolohe wale i ka manao o ka poe akeakamai, akā, i hana i loko o ka popularization o kona mau manaʻo. Over o ka makahiki, ua paʻi mau Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo puke, a uhi aku la kekahi nīnūnē Fourierism. Ka waiwai a me ka kaulana ukali o ka aʻo, pakahi aku la ia i ka hoahanau o ka mea i hoomaikaiia Virgin, a me ka hope Bode-Dyulari E lūlū mai nui kupono e kūkulu phalanx, akā, i ka manao e holo, e e unproductive. No ka iʻaʻole i nā lālā o ke kaiāulu i nā mākau i ka mahiʻai ka hana a me ko lakou mau kumumanao hele awry. Ma ka lua o ka hapalua o ke 30-ies i loko o ke kaiāulu kanaka, hele mai Victor Considerant, ka poe i Ho'āʻo ka hoihoi hou ia ana o na "kula", oia OOOXO he hou Magazine a me ka hāhai ka hailona no nā kumu waiwai no ka kūkākūkā o ka manao Fourierism. A pau ike e pili ana i ka mōʻaukala o nā ho'āʻo kanaha, e ho okumu i phalansteries ma Europa a me Amerika, akā,ʻaʻohe mea nāna o ia e hoʻokele e ola mahope aku o oi aku mamua o elima makahiki.

Ka papa kuhikuhiE i ka manaʻo nui

Thinker Fure Sharl, nona na hana i ike e wā me ka ohohia kūkulu kona pähola ma luna o kēia mau postulates. Capitalism Ua kūkuluʻia ma luna o kaulikeʻole ka hana a me ka waiwai o ka makana, no laila ia e inevitably auou caiaiai ia e kekahi houʻano o ke kaiāulu. Ua maikaʻi ke kaiāulu kanaka, e komo ana o phalanges - ke kūkaʻi 'ana, a i ka hooponopono ia e like me ka rula o ke kamaʻilio me nā kumu o kaʻaha kanaka, e noho waiwai ka mea, akā, ka mea e ole e kekahi kumu o ka hookaumaha. I ka papa kuhikuhiEʻano o? Iecaianoaaiiuo - mahiai. Mai ka pahuhopu nui - e kiʻi i excessive nui o ka ai, e pale aku i ka pono, e hihia hoʻi i kekahi i loko o kā lākou e auaaeaiea. I komo phalanx he hoʻonui i ka hoʻomaopopo like dala i kekahi mau dala i ka loaa a me na mea o ka i? Iecaianoaaiiuo. Kēlā me kēia kanaka e wae mai i ke 'ano o ka ha awina ma e like me kā lākou nā mea hiki a me inclinations, no laila, e hana me ka hoʻolaʻaʻana a me ka oluolu. ʻano nui i loko o ka wā e hiki mai ke kaiāulu kanaka, ia mea he kūpono hui o ka hokii,

Meaning Fourierism

Sharl Fure - Socialist, utopian, i ka nui ole ma Marx, a Engels. Ka mea, ua ae ia ka utopian manao o Fourier ae ia e imi i ke ala pololei i ka mea i hanaia o ka like lehulehu. ʻepekema communism o Marx ulu mai o ka pähola 'o "ao ka lōkāhi", ka uhaʻiʻana i kekahi o kona utopian minute.

Ma Fourier'āina ua manaoia kekahi o na thinkers nui loa o ka 19th kenekulia, e? Anoee kana mau hana i loko o kulanui.

Ma Rusia ma ka 40s o ka 19th kenekulia ao ana o Charles Fourier i loaa na kākoʻo, a mawaena o lakou Butashevich-Petrashevsky a me Annenkov. E kahalina Petrashevists i manao e kūkulu i kekahi phalanx i loko o Rusia, akā, i kēia hooki i ka hopu ia ana o ke poo. Pono a me ka kiʻina aʻo Fourier ike i loaʻa iā loaa e Chernyshevsky.