Tagil mahele: mōʻaukala, hōʻikeʻano a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Ma keia makahiki o kokololio ka holomua a me ka kiʻekiʻe wikiwiki nui, no ka hooulu ana o ka uila no, a kiʻekiʻe-ka māmā holo Internet, he lālā hua helu o ka poe kanaka i nele i ka anaʻe, mai ka Hustle a me ka maʻamau o ke ola. Ka makemake i ka pakiko-hoʻoholo like me ka lāhui kanaka e hoouna mau manao e noiʻi i na aoao, a me ka hana o ko kākou mau kūpuna. Ka makemake e hoʻi i hana i kekahi mea ke hoala mai i ka hiʻona o ka handmade huahana. E hele ana hoʻi i nā kumu o ke, ke huli i ka handicrafts. Kekahi o na kahua kupaianaha o kahiko Lūkini mooolelo o Tagil pń.

mōʻaukala kumu

More o ekolu haneri makahiki o ka moolelo i kēia poʻe kānaka nō. Ua hele hoʻi a hiki i ke kauhale a me na kauhale a pau i loko o ka Urals. I ka ka mea mua hao mahele, hoʻonaniʻia me ka pena, ole, e olelo mai. Somewhere ma ka ohu o ka manawa i nalowale inoa o Artists, i ala a hiki i keia akamai, lawaia, ua kaulana no ka Rusia Nui.

Official mōʻaukala Tagil mahele hoʻomaka me ke kila mea wili o ka Demidovʻohana. Ma ka waena o ka XVIII kenekulia, ua hoʻomaka kēia mau industrialists e hoolei ana kila ma Nizhny Tagil (1725), a me Nevyansk Vyisky (1722). Ma ka 70th makahiki o ka hookahi kenekulia, e like me nāʻoihana aliʻi, i ka lawaia Hoʻonui i ka pono a me konaʻano a me ka hookaawale aoao hana, Varnish okovschik.

A pau XVIII kenekulia ka hooulu ana o ke kuai - he keneturia Hudoyarovyh pena. Ikona pena i loko o kekahi mau hanauna, Vavila poe hoahanau, a me Fedor iʻae aku i nā ki i kūpono o ka pena, varnishing a me ka mea hoʻonani icons i loko o ka mea hoʻonani o ka hale 'ikamu, ahi,'ānoninoni, oihana a pau. 'O kēia mea i nā haku Tagil mahele koi pena' ana i kūpono "tsyr" - generously piha gula kumu me nā pōpō i ke kāʻei kua. Ma hope o solidification o lahilahi gula kila, e wehe i ka luna, ahu iho, haawi ana i hana lauana. Artists a me ua wahi o ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole i "aniani varnish" extraordinarily aniani moakaka a me ka wela-hoʻopale. Pena i na kauoha o ke Demidov ahi a me kaʻoihana a mea i hoouna mai ai i ka hale aliʻi o ke Lūkini mau poo elua.

Ke heyday o ka lawaia

I ka pau ana o XVIII - i ka hoʻomaka o ka XIX kenekulia - ka heyday wā o ka lawaia. Ua Ua kapaia ka kenekulia o ka Demidov Kula, a kamaʻilio hope. Demidov Ua hoolilo ana i kekahi kanaka 'ohana o kana oihana i loko o ka' oihana, hanalima Track. Kaʻa pena Jewelry poho, kō bola, ahi, poho a me nā hale 'ikamu i loko o ka "mauna kulanakauhale", e like me ka mea i kapa Nizhnetagilskye, hele aku la i Irbit a me Macarius maikai, a mai laila aku a hiki i Nizhny Novgorod, Central Asia a meʻEulopa. Ka mea, ua i ke gula makahiki o? Acaeoey o ka lawaia.

Hoole mai oia, a hou

Mai ka waena o ka XIX kenekulia, me ka Hekikai o industrialization, ka hoʻomaka 'ana i ka emi ana o handicrafts, a aneane a pau handicrafts. Na accelerating iki mai o ke ola ua puʻe wale akula kēlā, e haawi aku i ka lole handmade, ke kūapoʻana ia ma Nohie, loa stylized 'ano apau loa. Lima forging e ae ana i ka hanalima, ka eha mua au mamuli replaces ka stencil.

Ma na makahiki 20-ko o ka XX kenekulia ka lawaiʻa ola malamaia ma ka mau Free haku, e like me "He hana i" a me ka "Red Dawn." Akamai handmade ahi, ua unclaimed ma Soviet Rusia, no laila, ua hoouna aku la lakou i ka Middle Hikina a me China.

Wale mokupuni Tagil podnosnogo lawaiʻa koe he Workshop ma ka Nizhny Tagil hola enamelware.

Mai na 90s o ka hope ke kenekulia, i ke au o ka kūkuluʻana a me ka? Acaeoey o ka poe liilii, hana, e hoʻomaka ana i ka lohi a me ka napoo ala hoʻopoina akamai. Hou i hana i nā hana lima pena Free a me Free Artists.

School pena Demidovs

About kula Demidovs Pono e hōʻike 'Aʻohe wai iaʻu, no ka mea, ua ka mea, nana i haawi mai i kaʻana o nā haku e like me Dubasnikovy, Chausova, Kaygorodova a me Perezolovy.

Demidov poe kalepa, ua maopopo nö iä ia i ka papa kuhikuhiE mea i loko o ka lawaia - kēia wikiō. Ia mea i ka manaʻo o ka a me ka hoʻonaʻauao 'oihana aʻo, e hoʻokumu i ke kula i ka 1806, a i kono e ao aku i ka hoʻokumu paʻaʻana o ka pena i ka puka o ka imperial Halau o Arts VI Albycheva.

Ke kula no ka eha makahiki? Anoee keiki kāne wale nō, e hoʻomaka ana i na makahiki 12. Akā, ke? Iecaianoaaiiie mea no ka shortage o ua hoano e kookoo. Alaila, hoomaka ae la lakou e lawe i ke kula kaikamahine a me na wahine. Interestingly, ka Demidov me he kumu hoʻopaipai no ka makemake e aʻo i ka "kākau nui," me ka paipai 'ana o nā wāhine i loko o ka palapala o ka issuance o ka hainaka. Ke kiʻekiʻe e pili ana pena ahi komo ka wahine i ka lima, e like me ka ka mea i keia la.

Ke kula ua i ka weliweli no hopena ma luna o ka ulu ana o ka lawaia me he lālā o ka no oe. Tagilskaya pena ahi i nā loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau kona mooolelo.

Soon ma ka huina hoonui hoʻomaka e "pua" pono Tagilskaya Ala - symbolic pua no na makahiki ua lilo ka e ka lawaia.

Tagil pń - he kiʻi-ahi, me ka expressive hookala au i lāliʻi a me ka maʻemaʻe pena, ahuwale ka mythological a me ka mōʻaukala storylines.

Ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomohala i ka nunui-faceted nō palapala riveted. Ke Kii pahu hao, lauana, pūnāwelewele, a me ka oi hehee wale, i hanaʻia e nā lima o nā blacksmiths, lilo ae la i ke kumu no ka nō o ka pena. Pēlā i hana Tagil pń.

Aey? Acaeoey? A kūikawā Tagil pena -ʻano hana o ka papalua brushstroke. I ka Ia manawa hana, a me ka papa kuhikuhiE LIKE i loko o ka storylines.

varnish malu

Hudoyarovyhʻana lacquer malu wahaheʻe i loko o ka huliāmahi kēia mea hoʻoheheʻe ma ka hua pisetakia copal, hemp ka aila a me ka hua pisetakia tidara laau. Haʻalele anu hikina lacquering, hookeai iaoia noi anal (ma ka wela o ka 300 degere) ka penaʻana. I ka haku mele 'ana o ka hoʻohuiʻia ke alakaʻi i'okesaside a me ka manganese - lacquer lilo ka aniani moakaka HW a me kaʻoluʻoluʻo. Ka malu o kona mau loa Hi ohia.

He aha ka Tagil pń?

Ahi i a me ka hoʻomau i ka hana i loko o nā nā hālāwai hoʻonaʻauao. Hoʻololi enehana, akā, i keia la i ka manuale makakū laulima - i ke kumu o ka lawaia.

hahi hana ua i palapala i ka pń halihali, a uhiia me ka lepo,ʻelua hahauʻana, a laila, eleele enamel. Ma hope o maloʻo ana i ka preform hele i loko o ka lima o ka artist, laila ornamentarista. Ma hope o ka pena i ka huahana varnished.

kēia lawaiʻa

Hana i na hana o ka no oe ma ka waena konu o Nizhny Tagil kanaka mea noʻeau, a me nā akamai. Ua hoʻokuleana 'i' aelike i hoomaluia ma ka Sila Nui. Tagil pń mau,ʻo haole Artists a me ka Waihona Noʻeau. Kupua komo 'ana i loko o nā hōʻike a me nā kudala ma Rusia, a oi loa aku ia kona palena. Museum o Nizhny Tagil a me Yekaterinburg mea haʻaheo o ka waiwai ohi Tagil ahi, i i hōʻike ma ka United States, France, Poland a me nā'āina'ē.

He aha ka Tagil mahele, i keia la ike loa aku ia i ka palena o ko mākou'āina. Hana o nā haku, a Hudoyarovyh Dubasnikovyh - Pearl waiū Lūkini Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha a me ka uku i hoiliili ole. Tagilskoye huahana Ua hōʻike mai iā ia i ka makana i nā aliʻi a me ka mō'ī. Kiʻiona Tagil "lakernaya" pena - He hanana mamuli o ka poʻe kānaka akamai, a ua hiki mai ia i ko makou mau lā, a ua mau e kahaha ko oukou naau a me ka oluolu mau ipo o palapalaʻike hoʻokumu.