Tower Bridge ma Lākana. Tower Bridge ma London - Photo

Tower Bridge ma London - kekahi o ka loa recognizable i loko o ke ao nei. Kona aʻa moe Victorian Kokika kaila i loko o ke kānāwai i puʻe wale akula kēlā haku polokalamu, e hana i kekahi 'ole, i ka malama ana me ka wahi kokoke i ka Tower.

hōʻikeʻano

Tower Bridge ma London i ka ia manawa, a he hoʻoneʻe lei'ā'ī. Ua nā keʻa ka River Thames, ua noho i kahi loihi, mai ka halekiai o London, i loko o kona hanohano ua inoa, a ua lilo iho la ia i ka hōʻailona o ke kulanakauhale.

Ke alahaka he o nā hale kiaʻi elua i pili e mau ana papamoe, ala, hoʻololi i ke koena, i ka papamoe koa ka lawe 'ana ma ke kau mau wahi o ka honua, a me na aoao elua. Ke vertical hapa o na kaua ma ke kaulia ana no na pauku a me ka vertical reactions o na huina elua moe ma nā nunui me nā hale kiaʻi. Mea, ua leha iho (axis) a me ka hana pono e aia i loko o ka hale kiaʻi kai. Ka papa kala like 'ole noaia o ke alahaka nā lā hoʻi i ka 1977 makahiki, ia ia i pena ulaula, keokeo a me ka uliuli, e hoʻolauleʻa ai i ka Iubile kala, o ka Mō'ī Wahine Elizabeth II. Initially, oia ua uliuli-uliuli.

Ke kokoke ku o ka London lola honua - «Tower Hill» i ka «Circle» laina, a «District», a me Skytrain - «Tower I HOOKUMUIA I».

Kue i ka mahaloia manaoio, ke mele «London Bridge Ke e haule ana ilalo» ka mea, e hana me ka Tower Bridge ma Lākana.

Mōʻaukala o ke kūkulu

Manao kuka i? Ac? A puni 1876, ka wā o ka aoao hikina o London ua lilo densely hoolahaia'ku [na kanaka. Uapo ma luna o ka muliwai Thames ma ka wahi ua e e loa nui. I ka papa kuhikuhiE pilikia ua i ka mea i pono, e hele mau moku me ka loloa kia i ke awa iauaeoia ma waena o ke alahaka, a me ka halekiai o London. Ua i kekahiʻEwalu makahiki a me ka hailona o ke kūkākūkā e pili ana i ka manao mua kūkulu hoomaka.

No laila, e ke hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia o ka aoao o ka muliwai ma ka makahiki 1877, ua hana i kekahi Komite Wae no na alahaka a me tunnels ma lalo o Sir Albert Dzhozefa Altmana, hai mai la i ka lehulehu i kapa aku ai i nā noi. Ua hoʻouna 'ia More o 50 noi, a me na lunaʻenehana Sir Dzhozefom Bazalgette. Project loiloi 'Ua puni ma ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa, a me wale i ka 1884 i aponoia i ka papahana i hoʻouna' ia ma ke kūlanakauhale kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Horace Jones ma ka neʻepapa hoʻi me John Vulfom Berri.

Ke alahaka Ua pau i ka 1894. Five nā kānaka kūkulu - Sir Dzhon Dzhekson (kumu), Baron Armstrong (neaa), Uilyam Vebster, Sir HH Bartlett, a me Sir William Eroll a aneane 450 poe hana i komo i loko o ka hana ana o ke alahaka. No ka hana ana o na hoaka ia i 11.000 na tona o ka kila. I ia manawa, nui na kanaka i makemake i kona Victorian Kokika manao, akā, ma luna o manawa o ka alahaka, ua lilo kekahi o nā hōʻailona loa kaulana o London. Ua Ua kauoha aku weheia ma June 30, 1894 Prince o Wales (hope King Edward VIII) a me kana wahine - he Alii o Wales (Alexandra o Denemaka).

Ke alahaka pili Iron Trail ma ka'ākau kapa o ka muliwai me Horslidaun Lane ma ka hema, e ike i ka puka uwapo, a me ka halekiai o Tower Bridge Road, niioaaonoaaiii. Prior i ka puka o ke alahaka kaʻa'ōhua ma lalo iho Tower - 400 mika i ke komohana - ua ka shortest ala e aku i kela kapa o ka muliwai, mai Tower Hill a hiki i Tooley Street ma Sautparke. Wehe i ka makahiki 1870, ka Tower kaʻa'ōhua ma lalo iho i kekahi o ka mea mua i loko o ke ao nei o ka lola honua laina.

I ka wehe i ka Tower Bridge ma London, ka hapanui o ka hele wāwae kalepa ae la lakou neʻe ma luna o ia ma muli o ka nele o ka uku no ka pono. Ke tunnel Ua paa i ka 1898 ma muli o ka haʻahaʻa ka puka waiwai.

Tower Bridge ma London - kekahi o na uapo elima o ke kumukuai, manawa i loko o ka'āina hoʻoili o ka a me ka malama i "Bridge House Estates" - he pili-waiwai hui, i mea ma lalo o ka hooponopono ana o City o London Inc. He ka wale uapo o ka hui, e kuhikuhi ana i ka City o London a hiki i ka mokuna Sautpark; kona'ākau OAAIeOO hiki aku ai i loko o Tower kauhale.

mechanics

Ke koke o ka awawa, a me ka kai aia i loko o ke ala e hiki aku koi ma ke alahaka ka hana, e hele nui moku. Nolaila i ka olelo hooholo, e hana i ka palapala no ka hemo manao i hiki ke wehe i ka ae i ka neʻe o ka waapa. Keʻano papa hana ua hūnāʻia i loko o nā hale kiaʻi. A hiki i 1976, ka wā e i hoʻouila, mahu mana i hoʻohana no ka pumping ka wai i loko o neaa accumulators, i wahie kiko'ī.

Ka lōʻihi o ke alahaka holoʻokoʻa ka 800 kapuai (244 m) a me ke kiekie o ka hale kiaʻi, kūkuluʻia ma luna o lāʻau kukuluaeʻo - 213 kapuai (65 m). Ke kikowaena kīkoʻo o ka 200 kapuai (61 m) ua maheleia i mau papa like. Kēlā me kēia no ia mea oi ma mua o ka laula o ka 30 m, a me ka kaumaha o 1,000 nā kana hiki ke wehe i ka huina o ka 83 degere. I ka hamama kulana, o ka uwapo o ke ala o ka aneane 45 m + I kēia lā, ua punohu i ke kiekie kupono no ka hooholo ia ana o ka waapa; me ke koe nae o ka moku Canal, e hali ana i ka mō'ī. Ma keia hihia, hapa o ka 'ole loa hoalaia. Ma mua o ke alahaka wehe aneane kanalima manawa i ka lā, a me ka i keia la - wale 1,000 manawa o ka makahiki. ? Aneii? Oaony i mua (no ka moku peʻa moku, a no laila, ma luna o. D.), Pēlā malihini ke hele aku e ike i ke alahaka, paena, a ike ia ia, e e hoalaia, a kuu iho la. Ke ano ala, e ke kauoha.

naoh

ʻOiai ka uwapo - keia mea kanalua hiʻona'āina, 'oihana kiʻiʻoniʻoni ma ke kakahiaka nui 20th kenekulia i-Liloa e pili ana i kona helehelena. "He He He hope o ka inoino ono a me ka pretentiousness, falsification o ka maoli kūʻiʻo o ka 'ole", kākau ihola HH Statham a Frenk Brengvin olelo ia "oi absurd 'ole ma mua o ka Tower Bridge, aole loa kiola ma KUMUMANAʻO NUI muliwai".

kipa alahaka

He iauaeoia oo? Ecia mau lawe kiʻi ma luna o ke kāʻei kua o keia Kiure 'ole. E hiki no hoi e hele i loko o ka uwapo, kahi au e wehe aʻe i ka nani nānaina o London me ka hoʻololi ma waena o nā hale kiaʻi elua. I kekahi manawa, ka mea, ua hoʻolimalima i ka nasty kaulana malumalu wahine a me pickpockets. I ho'āmana wale ma ka pali, ka mea i kākaʻikahi hoʻohana a me ka mau iaoeo i paa i ka 1910. Re-wehe i ka 1982 ma ka Tower Bridge Exhibition - exhibition, neo? Aaiiai? I loko o ka hale kiaʻi o ke alahaka kau akamai, a me ka Victorian engine keena. Here oe hiki i ike i loko o ka Tower Bridge, kiʻi, nā kiʻiʻoniʻoni, haʻi moʻolelo e pili ana i ka mea kupaianaha hale. Of mau panee i maoli mahu kiko'ī. Iloko o ka exhibition, e ke kauoha.

Redecorating 2008-2012.

Ma April 2008 ka mea i hai mai i ka Tower Bridge e e paa "facelift" costing 4 miliona paona ia. Hana i kepa kahiko HW iho i ka hānau metala, a repainting i ka uliuli, a keʻokeʻo waihoʻoluʻu. Kēlā me kēia māhele Ua hoʻopuniʻia nahele a me aiiay ea, e pale aku i ka haule ana o ka HW kahiko i loko o ka Thames, a me ka muliwai haumia ea. E hoʻomaka ana i ka hapalua like-makahiki 2008, nā kānaka kūkulu hana kekahi i kā mākou o ka hapahā o ka uwapo i ka mea ia manawa i mea e pale aku pilikia, akā, i kekahi manawa i ka alanui panina ua inevitable.

Ke kaʻina hana o ka pena i pau i ka 2009. Ua lawe mai i kekahi hana ma ka hope o ke alahaka ho'ā nā'ōnaehana. Loko o nā mahele ma i nunui-manao ho'ā nā'ōnaehana papahana e Eleni Shiarlis, e like me ka mea i hoʻohana ai no nā hōʻike, a no nā hana. A pau na kumu mua Ua hoʻouka kekahi ma ka laekahi 'ala me ke kōkua o keʻeli. Me ke kōkua o ke hoʻomālamalama Bridge kuai i ka nani loa e nānā i ka po.

Ke hōʻano hou i ka eha wehe kaula hao i pau i loko o March 2010, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka polokalamu ka penaʻana'ōnaehana e noi ana i ai i eono kekahi mau papa.

Ma kēia 'atikala oe e ike i ka Hoʻololi' Tower Bridge, kona kiʻi hōʻike i ka hana i loko o nā mea a pau kona nani nui.

hana hoihoi 'mea

Aia mea he kaao, i ke alahaka kokoke kūʻai i ka makahiki 1968 ma 'Amelika pāʻoihana Robert Makkaloh e hali i loko o Missouri. Keia mea o lakou, aka, hōʻole.

Ma May 1997, i ka motorcade o Peresidena Bill Clinton i puunaueia me ka hopena o ka puka o ke alahaka.