Toxoplasma: ke ola kalapona o ka pathogen Toxoplasma gondii toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasma - he genus o parasitic eukaryotes, i ka loaʻa o hoʻokahi wale nō 'ano o reliably akamai - Toxoplasma gondii. Kēia microorganism hiki ke hoʻokō i loko o kekahi holoholona, a me kanaka keena, a me neural, epithelial, lolo a me ka naau'aʻaʻa. No ka mea ola ka mea, i ole e pono ai oxygen, no ka mea, o anaerobic. I ka poe koa a ka papa kuhikuhi o Toxoplasma i na elele o ka popoki ohana, i ke kino o i ka mea hala ae ma kekahi mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao o? Acaeoey, haliu ae la ia i loko o kekahi kanaka makua cyst. Nā pōpoki i kekahi ano o ka incubator, highlighting me feces Kepakailiula eukaryote. A me ka poʻe kaua waena kekahiʻano o ka mehana-koko holoholona, me nā kānaka hiki ke wae.

Maʻi, kena ae la ma ka pathogen

Toxoplasma gondii, ke ola kalapona o i hele ma kekahi mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao, e kauoha ana i ka maʻi i kapaia toxoplasmosis. Ma kānaka, i ka maʻi 'ana i wahi surprisingly hoopuni, a me ka maopopo symptoms. Akā, inā e loaʻa ka maʻiʻaʻai i hāpai keiki paha i ka manawa o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana ua hoemiia (e like, ma ke alo o HIV), ka mea hiki i ka hopena kaumaha, a hiki i ka make.

Ka 'ole o ke anakahi iki-meaola

Hana i ka makua mea e like me ka crescent mahina. Front hooponopono kūikawā keʻano o ka hanaʻana ma i ka Toxoplasma ua omo ana i ka na nā loko puali. UaʻAʻohe organelles, akā, me ia e pono hoʻoneʻe ma ka hāʻuleʻana, a me ka hoʻokō i loko o ka corkscrew'aʻaʻa keena.

Ka hoʻokukeʻana microorganism lifecycle

Ke ola kalapona o Toxoplasma hiki e ua hoʻoʻuluʻulu manaʻo i loko o nāʻokoʻa Hawaii:

• loaa i kona popoki gut;
• ka auoiaea o hua i loko o ke kaiapuni.

He hiki i ka pau 'ana o ka microbe hiki ke hele wale ma ke kino o ka mea hookahi popoki. I loko o ka makua parasite ua hana ke kiʻekiʻe, hele mai kekahi pae o? Acaeoey i kekahi. Ke ola kalapona o Toxoplasma, kona noaia ua hoike mai ia ma ka kiʻi ua haku o ka mea i hahai ana ka mea mamuli o kekahi loaa pathogen 'ano apau loa. E like me ka mea, loaa mua, ka mea, mau ae la ia no kekahi mau makahiki, oia ua paa eha o ia: trophozoite - pseudocysts -'aʻaʻa cysts - oocyst (fertilized Kepakailiula). Ho okumu ana i oʻo kanaka i kekahi e lawe wahi i loko o kekahi mau kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao.

• schizogony - mahele o ka halepaahao nucleus, a ho okumu i ka ai iiiaanoaa o ke kaikamahine merozoites;
• i opuu ae - ho okumu o elua hou microorganisms i loko o ka iwi o kekahi makuwahine aeea;
• gametogony - moe nā'ōlelo ma ka hoʻokuʻi pū;
• sporogony - lala i hanaʻia ma hope o ka moe nā'ōlelo zygote.

Nā kūlana o ka ola kalapona: sexless

Asexual hapa o ke ola i wahi i loko o ka puali waena. Ua hiki e, hou, he popoki paha i kekahi'ē aʻe mehana-koko holoholona, manu paha aniuea. Trophozoites, hookahi ma ke kino, i loko iho ma na nāʻiʻo a me ka lolo keena, a hana i ka halepaahao vacuole me ka brandizoitami, a, ma ka huli, huli i loko o pseudocysts. Toxoplasma gondii hiki ole ke 'akomi e na kanaka a me ka holoholona'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana, no ka mea ua hunaia cysts i loko o ke kanaka maoli keena. A me ka mea ai okoa i kekahi manawa luku a pau cysts ma na nā'aʻaʻa i ole e hiki kona ia'ku i antibiotics. Nä ÿale i loko o vacuoles ma ka mahele ana i ka mea produces hikiwawe loa proliferating tachyzoites. Native koa aeea o poha a me ka neʻe parasites hele mai, me ka hoohuoi ana he lālā hua helu o ke ola keena. Tachyzoites hiki ke hōʻike 'a ua lukuia lakou e ka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana, akā, ia mea,ʻaʻole lawa ke hooki ia lakou mai ka hohola ai.

Toxoplasma: ke ola kalapona. Na moe pae

Moe a me ka hope pae o ka microbe ola kalapona paa wahi i loko o ke kino o nā pōpoki - nā wahi lulu popilikia a me ka meli. 'aʻaʻa cysts hiki ke ale e ka popoki me ka iho mailoko o ka manu a me ka iole. Aku lakou i hele i ka houpo, loli epithelial keena o ka mea uuku liʻiliʻi. Aia ka mea, paʻi nā kiʻie ala ia, a me ka hopena e loaʻa nā spores oocysts me elua a me eha-aa? Embryos parasite, kapaʻia sporozoites.

Me feces makaukau hua mai i loko o ke kaiapuni. Lakou i hoopaa mai i ka hiki i ka hana, e noho ana ma ka aina, i ke one i ka 2 makahiki, ina mawaho aʻe i ole maikaʻi no lākou hou ulu. Animals a me kanaka ke maʻalahi ke ale wale iho i ka oocysts, e hoopau ana unwashed hua a me ka lau,ʻaʻole i pulehuia a me ka io maka. Ka mea, lilo i ke kumu o ka maʻiʻaʻai i nā kaua, a me kānaka. Toxoplasma gondii ua hoʻolauna i loko o ka intestinal keena, a, pu me ke koko ua haawi ma ke kino. Ma ka mea na nā loko, ka hapanui olelo ma o ka lolo, e hana cysts, kela mea keia mea o ko i kekahi mau haneri tsistozoitov - mononuclear microbes.

Aoao o ka maʻiʻaʻai

Haʻalele nā pōpoki, maʻi ke kanaka, aole ia e paka cysts pathogen i loko o ke ao nei, e like me nā 'elele o ka? Aaoa. Toxoplasma - he microorganism a hua hiki e aneane anywhere: ma luna o lawns, ma ka mahinaʻai i ka mea ma ka honua, o ka mauu, ke one. Ma nā wahi a pau he mau pōpoki defecate.

E koho i ka pathogen hiki e:

• Mai ka maʻi popoki, ua compromised ano hoopono ina kona tuha, mimi a feces ku i ka poi. Nolaila, ia mea pono e holoi lima me ke kopa ma mua ai ana, a ma hope o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka popoki pń halihali.
• I ka wa e ai kekahi hapa-pulehu iho la i nā manuʻaiʻia a me na holoholona (keiki hipa, puaa), poorly holoi ka lau, hua, lau nahele a me kaʻai iā.
• Nā moku halihali mokulele i hana ma ka hui 'ana me nā feces o nā pōpoki nahu, cockroaches. Ma hope o hui 'ana me ka ai i kekahi kanaka ke lilo mailoko o, e hoopau ana'ānaiʻia ai.

Akā, hoopahele ae la i toxoplasmosis mai ka maʻamau wahi lulu popoki mea,ʻaʻole i like ka oluolu me oe ke manao wale.

Mua, ka mea, ua pono i ka popoki i ka mea nana i hali o Toxoplasma.

Ka lua, ka cysts hōʻike i loko o ka kekahi wā o ka manawa. IeAUPIIe, IAa IO no kekahi mau pule a me na feces nā pōpoki, akā, wale koke no ka holoʻokoʻa ola o ka holoholona.

symptoms o ka maʻiʻaʻai

Ka hapanui kanaka mai i haha aku i kekahi symptoms, akā, i kekahi manawa ua hehiʻana o ka moku'āina o ke ola, e like me ka maʻi palū. Ma hope o kekahi mau lā paha mahina, ka huʻi pae o ka maʻi i maʻi smoothly. Ma immunocompromised hoʻomanawanui iki mai ka maʻiʻaʻai hiki i toxoplasmosic encephalitis, pneumonia 'ole' ē aʻe hoʻoʻino keʻano o ka hanaʻana, ma i ke kanaka make. Ma hāpai keiki, Toxoplasma, i kŰlń ao ke ola kalapona o kekahi mauʻanuʻu, a ua ole uhaʻiʻia i loko o ke kaʻina hana o migrating mai ka pathogen a hiki i ka papa kuhikuhiE waena kaua, nā keʻa ke keiki a me ka fetus pepehi iho at ia. He pinepine hele aku ai i intrauterine make ana o ke keiki a miscarriage. Ua Ua ua ike ia maʻiʻaʻai ka poʻea pau e hoʻololi i ka hana o ke kaua. Microorganism "ke kumu no" iole a meʻiole emi weliweli o nā pōpoki, a me ka huli 'ana i kā lākou wahi e noho ai o ka. Ke parasite i keia i mea e neʻeʻana i loko o ka aʻe pae o ke ola kalapona, ina o ka popoki eʻai mea pio oluolu. Hookolokolo aku la ia i ka hui ma waena o schizophrenia a me ke alo i loko o ka meaola Toxoplasma. Haʻawina i hoike i ke alo o ka maʻiʻaʻai e loli i ke kūpono 'ana o ke paranoia' ole 'ē aʻe manaʻoʻike hou.

kālailai

Ma hope o iniiaiie maʻiʻaʻai i loko o kānaka ua hana a me ka hoʻopale lifelong e hoʻonele i ka microorganism. E kōkua i ke kaua e kū'ē i kanaka e hele mai nā mea palahēhē immunoglobulins. Nā mea'aʻaʻa hiki no:

• neutralize toxins e paha ke parasite;
• hoopaa i ka pathogen keena;
• kela aoao o ke keiki, fetal hapa 'ia' ho okumu OE hoomalu.

Toxoplasma IgG ia akulla 'i loko o ke koko lāʻau lapaʻau, cerebrospinal loli, akemāmā sputum a me nā liluwelo mea huna. Inā i loaʻa kēia mau nā mea'aʻaʻa i loko o ka nui o ka 7/16 pauku., A laila, alakaʻi i ka hou study ma ka polymerase kaula naoh e huai aeʻeleu maʻiʻaʻai. Ke alo aku o ka huʻi ke kahua o ka maʻi - iniiaiie maʻiʻaʻai - Hōʻike i ke alo o ka DNA o ka pathogen i loko o ka liluwelo fluids. Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ana i loko o ke koko o ka wai koko toxoplasmosis hiki ke hoikeia mai,ʻaʻole i loko o nā hihia a pau, a hiki i mahuahua kaua.

ʻano o nā hualoaʻa

Toxoplasma IgG 'ae' "+" a me IgM e «-» Hōʻike i ka hooulu ana o ka paakiki e hoʻonele i ke ola. He mau kii me ka "+" hōʻike i ke alo o ka iniiaiie maʻiʻaʻai. A ina o ka IgM-hua hoʻohui, akā, he hua IgG, i hāpai keiki ka mea, ke manao intrauterine maʻiʻaʻai o ka fetus. I ka wa e kaawale aku o ke koko pae nā mea'aʻaʻa lgm mau Hōʻike he io result. Ina o ka maʻiʻaʻai i wahi, e hiki mai ka wā kahiko. No laila, ma ka manawa o kekahi pilikia i kānaka mea hou.

Toxoplasma gondii, ke ola kalapona o i mea no laila, huikau o ka causative Agena o ka mea maʻi. Akā, ma ka mea,ʻaneʻane kela kanaka i loko o ke ao nei e olaʻaoʻao ma kaʻaoʻao a me ka popoki manawa i kona mau "pono" i loko o kamaliʻi. Asymptomatic huʻi pae o ka maʻi, aole ia,ʻo hoolohe ole, a me ka maʻi palapala a lawe mea i nā palapala i kānaka a me nā kanaka a puni ona. Toxoplasmosis mea pilikia wale ina i ole iho mailoko o mua o ka hapai wahine, akā, lalau aku la ia i ka maʻiʻaʻai ana e hali ana i ke keiki. No laila, ma ka wa kamalii paha ma ke kahua o ka ohana hoʻolālā e ole kaupalena ia lakou iho, e kamaʻilio me nā pōpoki - ia mea maikaʻi, e loaʻa i kou Ka Hānai Ā Huhu, no laila, i ke kino ua ulu ke ola-lōʻihi ka palekana i ka maʻiʻaʻai. Kēia e kōkua malama wā e hiki mai ola o ka fetus, a e hoʻopale ai ia ia, mai ka make mai.