Umbra: maoli waihoʻoluʻu a me kona malu

Umbra - ka waihoʻoluʻu i kanaka loaa mai na mea maoli ia. Mahana ka honua, no ka nui ilpko o ka laau,ʻala i nā meaʻala, e ho'āpono wale Swamp, mehana holoholona für - ka 'ē aʻe kahea aku keia i ka mehana waihoʻoluʻu a pau, a me ia mea no lākou mau kiʻi pinepine i hoʻohana. Akā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE olelo o kona noi - ka noi o ka hohonu a me ka pahee aka wā unuhi aku la ia i ke kanaka kino.

waihoʻoluʻu Hiʻona

Umbra maoli - i keʻano, a pili ia iʻano likeʻole o ka ocher, akā, e loaʻa hou a me ka manganese. Kēia ke keʻena hoʻoholo i ke alo o ka omaomao iki hue.

Ua kūpono maoli alanui, keia HW ka hoʻopale a dries ma mull koke. A lahilahi ahu iho la ka maoli umber kekahi manawa, hoʻohana i ka hoʻomaha HW noi ma ia, hoomaloo no mai hoi koke.

mohaikuni umber

O ka kekahi mau maoli waihoʻoluʻu hoʻomākaukau nā mea loaʻa. No ka laʻana, ma muli o ka calcination i ka wela o 400-600 ° C, Natural umber i ulaula-ke keleawe a me kaʻeleʻele malu. No laila, kiʻi aku i nā mōhai umber waihoʻoluʻu a ua hoʻohana 'ia e kikoo aku i ka pōhaku lepo hale, aka,ʻili, drapery.

Green malu o ka umber

I ka ohui kekahi eiiiiiaiou loaa maoli he omaomao iki malu. Oia mea hoʻonui i: spinel uliuli a pau, omaomao hromoksid, hydrates, he hao, a manganese oxides a me aluminosilicates. Light omaomao a me ka pouli uliuli Umbria i ka iaʻano hoʻokahi kumupaʻa, a me ka hiki i ka maloʻo koke, a me ia mea ma ke kino, no ka mea, i loko o kēia mau waihoʻoluʻu i kekahi mau manganese. Eia naʻe, e makaala i ka wā ai pili aku ai i ka palapala aila HW hue hiki ia he iki pouli.

E ho ohana i pena

Umber Artists hana e pili aka i ka ili e hoʻohālua ke kūapoʻana mua hoʻohana ipu lepo'ōmaʻomaʻo. Umber he omaomao iki tint mea manaʻo i loko o ka pena. No ka paha, Rembrandt a me Rubens manaoio i na umbra - keʻano, i mea wale paʻa mau no ka outline.

A ina e hui pu i ke HW me whitewash, e hiki ke kiʻi i ka omaomao a me ka kala poohina. Vermeer i hui pūʻia me ka whitewash umber no ka mua sketches. Aʻu i loaʻa i kēia HW ma kana mau hana, a ma ka primer. No ka mea kiʻi o expressive aka ma luna o ka whitewashed paia o ka Vermeer hoʻohana umber hui me kaʻeleʻele HW a me ka whitewash. Other Artists o ka manawa, hoi, ua hoʻomano hoʻohana i kēia me ka hui pu.

E kiʻi i kekahi mea eleele tinge ma ka malamalama leo lepo noi aniani moakaka paha translucent ahu iho la ka Umbria. Kala like 'ole mea palupalu, akā,ʻaʻole huali ia.

Pehea e kiʻi i ka malu o ka HW umber?

Nō kāu, he lākou o nā waihoʻoluʻu e malu mea, i loko o konaʻoe i palapala, a i ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia e paka nā waihoʻoluʻu, akā,ʻaʻole hope versa. Akā, inā e ua ole komo i loko o ke kini puʻe wale a pena no, ka mea, i e pono e loaa ia ma ka hoʻohuihui.

Natural umber - i keʻano, a ua loaa mai ka mauu-uliuli HW a me ka cadmium ula malamalama, a me ka hou ana o keʻokeʻo a me ka ultramarine. Shade i ka hohonu a me ka palupalu.

Hoʻohuihuiʻula a me ka mauu uliuli a pau, e hiki e ka nani malu o ka mōhai umber. Ke ano ukuhiia i Ua oi i nanaia, hui aku i kekahi wahi o ke keʻokeʻo.

Green umber hoomakaukau ma ka pepa i ka aoao maoli kala like 'ole o ke anu a me ka wela malu o ka uliuli, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka makemake hopena.