US Communist Party, ka wā i hoʻokumu, ideology, hana

I ka 1919, ma ka ola o ka 'Amelika kālai'āina activists ka poe i pili i ka ideology o Marxism-Leninism, ua he nui kekahi hanana: lākou mau papa kuhikuhiE hui elua, kekahi o i i alai ai e Charles Ruthenberg, a me ka lua o ka Dzhon hoomaemae iho, e hoʻokele i ka hui, a me ka hopena i hanau i ka Communist Party o ka Amerika Huipuia, o America .

Omaka i ka 'aoʻao kahua

Mai ka hoʻomaka o kona ola, ka mea i hele mai ma lalo o ka paakiki kaomi ana o 'Amelika Kiekie, e lilo i ka mea o ka moʻo o koa hana pahuna ma ka paioʻana pēlā-kapaia "ula menace". He pono e hoole i ka liʻiliʻi loa o ka kaulana "Palmer e poipu" ku e leftists a me anarchists o na ano a pau, e like me ka pono me ka helu ana i kekahi hana i alu hana.

Kona papa inoa US Communist Party lanakila wale i ka 1929, i ka manawa mua ka mea i kapaia o Amerika ka hana i 'Party. It E e ike ia ana ma ka hapa mua o ka XX kenekulia ka mea, ua ka loa influential aoao o ka Marxist hoohalike.

Manawa o ke ala a me ka haule

Mawaena o ka nui kālai'āina neʻe 'imi nei i kekahi aoao a me kekahi lakou aloha ia na proletarians Amelika, ka koʻikoʻi loa, kūlana i loko o ka hana neʻeʻana o kēlā mau makahiki e hoʻokani i ka US Communist Party. TSB - ka Great Soviet puke noiʻi kūʻikena - haawi hoike ana i loko o kēia wā, oi ma mua o hoʻokahi haneri tausani kanaka a pau kona mau lala. E like me ka noiʻi, ka aoao hope piko i loko o ka makahiki 1939.

Eia naʻe, he nui emi i loko o ka hiʻona o ka Communists i malama ia ma na pakanalima. Keia mea no ka mea, no ka nui ka mea, lilo'ē aʻe lākou kokoke ana, a, e like me ka mea i huli mai,ʻaʻole disinterested neʻepapa hoʻi, me ke aupuni o ka USSR, like pono me kākoʻo no me ka dukima "hou hema" a me ka "pacifists".

ʻino kala

Ua uaʻAʻole he fiction, mai hoʻopaʻa pepa paʻi kiʻi i hiki i ka 1987, i hoololiia i ka hoike o ko lākou huakaʻi i ke kai counterparts aneane ekolu miliona dala ka Soviet Communists. Eia naʻe, alaila, hele mai perestroika a me M. S. Gorbachov wahi kā lākou kālā i loaʻa ai.

E like me ka mea la ia mea, i loko o nā makahiki, ka Communist Party o ka Amerika Huipuia, i ole he lapuwale idler CPSU a me ka pololei hai mai la i ke kala. He nui o kona hale e noho ana ma lalo o ka pololei ana o ka GRU a me NKVD. Ma ke ala, e like me lakou iho me Americans, me ka uie kekahi hapanui hewahewa o ka hoahewa ia o ka neʻepapa hoʻi, me ka Soviet manao hana, he lālā o ka Communist Party.

I Iulai 1948, i ka US Ahaolelo Lahui e paa ana i ka lehulehu hālāwai hoʻolohe manaʻo ma ka hihia. I ka papa kuhikuhiE hoike he Whittaker hale ahuwaiwai a me Elizabeth Bentley - mua Soviet konohiki, e like me na lala o ka Communist Party, ho'āhewa o ka espionage. Ko lakou hoike proves irrefutably decrypt Radio memo hoounaia mai, mai kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia. Ke Communist Party, ua nalowale ma ka manawa o ka hiʻona i ka hopena o kēia mau hōʻike 'ana i lilo i ke kiʻi o ka "lima o ka kia ao."

uaua manawa

Ma ka huli ana o ka forties a me kanalima, ma kahi o hoʻokahi haneri a me ke kanaha Communists, me ke ano a me ka waihona lālā o ka aoao a me kona functionaries, i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i kekahi mau hua'ōlelo e o ka hoopaa olelo hooholo o ka Aha. Ke kumu no keia i ke kānāwai, i ike i ka "Smith Kanawai" ua hoakaka no ka hoopai no ka poe i kekahi aoao ai kekahi he hoʻonui i ka hookahuli ana i ka mea kupono aupuni.

Aie i ka mea i ka laulā o ka hana e hāʻule ma lalo o ka 'atikala o ke kānāwai i vaguely ua hōʻolokeʻaʻia, a me kona kōkuaʻoe e hoʻouna aku ai i ka halepaahao i kekahi objectionable ma mua, a me ka pinepine hoʻohana i ka mana o Amerika. Ma ka ia wā, i ka hoao ana e paa ana ia i ka lahui Ahaolelo, ma i ka mea i manao e hookaawale ia mai lākou helu umikumamakahi kuai hoao ana a papa hana, a kākoʻo i ka Communist Party USA. Pela, ua hoike mai i ka hana ana i kona makemake, e hoʻomamao aku ia ia iho mai o ka discredited hui kālai'āina.

"McCarthyism" manawa

Mai ka hoʻomaka o ke kanalima ma ka aina, i lilo ai i ka neʻeʻana mai o laila-kapaia McCarthyists - kākoʻo o US Senator Dzhozefa Reymonda McCarthy, e olelo ana no ka hana suppression o ka Communist a me Anati-American olelo la ma ka kaiāulu. Kona wahi ua akea kākoʻo i waena o ka heluna kanaka, a ano hoomainoino ka mua paʻakikī pilikia ma a ua ka Communist Party USA. A pāpā ma luna o kona ha awina i ole, ua kau mai, akā, aka hoi, i ke kumupaʻa, a me ka na 'ole o ka hui ua ikaika naueue.

Ma luna o nā pilikia Communist hana i ka mea o ka hoomaau ana ma lalo o ka FBI ua kauohaʻia i loko o kēlā mau makahiki o ka polokalamu, e uhi Anati-aupuni hanana a me ka espionage. Kēia i ke kumu i lala ano o na mea he nui o ka aoao,ʻaʻole makemake e i ka pilikia e hele mai ana mai loko mai o kona wale nô, a me ua poe functionaries ka poe i koe ma ka noho kauwa ole ana, wikiwiki e akea hai aku i na Aupuni ko lakou mau pono.

Replenishment o ka Party kaua i loko o ka sixties

Ma ka sixties, ka Communist Party o ka Amerika Huipuia i kekahi mau hehi i kona hana ma ka lilo ana o kona komo i loko o pacifists - lālā o ka lehulehu neʻeʻana no ka maluhia a me ka rejection o hoʻonohonoho 'pilikia e kaua' ana. I ka Ia manawa i loko o ka poʻe kaua o ka Communists, a hui me ka New hema.

O lakou na elele o na papa hana o ka Marxist hoohalike, akā, i loko o kona ideology ka mea, noho i ka loa hema kulana. Ka mea kū'ē i ka nele o ka spirituality o ke komohana ao nei, o ka laha kuko no ka enrichment a me ka 'aʻe' ana i nā loina pono. Communist alakaʻi i loko o nā makahiki 'Imi kākoʻo i ke kanawai pono ana, i ke poo o ka i i a laila pepehi Luther King Martin.

Party Wāwahi i ka pau ana o na eighties

Kahi nahā i waena o ka Communists a me ka Communist Party o America i wahi ma ka hopena o eighties, ka wā e nema aku i ka ka kūkuluʻana lawe mai i loko o Rusia. Oia ku okoa ana ua loaʻa ia aloha nui aku, a ma ka truest ano o ka olelo. Mai 1989, i ka Kremlin ua oki ae la ka hoʻolako 'ia i nā kālā kākoʻo.

Ka nele o ke kala ua hoʻoluli mai ia i ka ideological intransigence o kekahi 'Amelika hoa, a ma ka halawai Ahaolelo o ka kekahi paʻa i loko o ka makahiki 1991, i kapaʻia no ka abandonment o Leninism a me ka reorientation i ka kemokalaka socialism.

Mau "refuseniks", admittedly, e noho ana i loko o ka hapa, a laila, hele mai no ka haku mele 'ana o ka Party, hoʻokumu i kūʻokoʻa kālai'āina hui. Eia naʻe, i kona hele ana ka mea, i ka mahae ma na kahua o ka Communists, pela nui kuʻuʻia i kona mua aoao nā hoapili.

Ka aoao, a hoole wale

Mawaena o ke ao nei i ka neʻeʻana kālai'āina, hai mai ana i kona hope loa pahuhopu ka Socialist kipi, e pono ke kuai, a me ka Communist Party USA. Ke ideology o ka aoao, nae, o loa ana kālele ana ma luna o ka maluhia hoʻololi i Socialist ano o ka hooponopono a me ka nationalization o ka walaʻauʻanaʻano o? Iecaianoaaiiuo.

'Amelika Communists, ma kā lākou mau noi, maiʻae i kekahi ano o ka lalau wale, nona ma ka na kahua hoʻololi. Kaʻoi loa no ka mea, o keia, ma kona mōʻaukala, ka mea, ua i pāpā 'ia ma ka US Communist Party ua, nae ka mea i Hoomau pinepine malalo i ka puʻe mai na Aupuni.

Olelo noʻonoʻo loi o bourgeois ke kaiāulu kanaka,

Inā mākou e hoohalike i ka polokalamu o ka Communist Party o America a hiki i ka ia palapala, kā lākou Soviet nā hoapili, ua a me na mea he nui mea like, e huki noonoo ia lakou iho, a me ka nui oko ao. He aha e hoohui mai ia ia ma luna o nā mea a pau noʻonoʻo loi o ka ke kaiāulu kūkuluʻia ma luna o ke kumu o ka waiwai.

Ka polokalamu Amelika, no ka mea he nui, he wahi lihi iki o ka noonoo ana i uku ai i ka mea i ke kālā no capitalism, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka Loaʻaʻia o ka Media, ma lalo o kona mana, e hookaawale i ka hana ka papa a me kona allies mea nui ana o ka ua kūpono hana, ma hope o Anati-communism, na chauvinism, Anati-Semitism, homophobia a me ka sexism .

Kekahi mau hoʻokokoke mai i ka helu o ke koiʻana iā nīnūnē

Eia naʻe, he helu o nā maka o ka polokalamu 'Amelika hele ma kēlāʻaoʻao o ka ideology aponoia ma ka Soviet Union. No ka laʻana, maʻaʻohe ala kue me ka Soviet manaÿo o ka pono o ko lākou pili ana i ka nīnūnē e pili ana i na pilikia o ka moe a me ka hoohanau ê. Akä naÿe i ka Soviet mau hae o ka manaʻo, huakaʻi i ke kai Communists noonoo i ka LGBT kaiāulu like me ka holumua ai pūʻali koa, kona mau manamana i ua steadily mahuahua ma ke kaiāulu, a me ka lilo i ka hiki i ka ike loea kākoʻo i loko o ka paio no ka mea e piʻi like ana o pahu hopu.

I ko lakou manao, homophobia a me ka ho'āhewa wale ma luna o nā lālā o ka 'īnea i' ê i mea kaua i loko o nā lima o ka akau-eheu hehee wale, pahuna kuhikuhi ma e pili ana i ka mahae ma ke kue. Ka papahana mai nei ia, capitalizing ma ka nānaina ka hapai ana o ka pono a me ka 'ohana waiwai, i ka pono, e ho'āʻo e lawe ka lanakila o ka homophobia i waena o ka hana ka papa, a pela no,ʻo i konaʻaoʻao.

Ke kumu nui i hoakaka ia no ka American Communist polokalamu

Kekahi o nā 'ikamu i ka polokalamu o' Amelika Communists haʻi aku i ka paio no ka pono o ka 'īnea i ê. O ka holo ana, i kekahi mea e like kā lākou Soviet counterparts loa stuttered. He nui no hoi na kumu oko ao ma ka Communist polokalamu, kaawale ma ka moana.

I kēia lā, i nā mea i ho'ākāka 'kumu nui o ka polokalamu Communist Party o America mea, e kaua no ka hoʻohuiʻana o ka hana ka papa a me ka ia'ku i nā mea a pau ano o ka lāhui i hoʻokae' ole, a me ka homophobia racism. Kekahi o na koi mea e kukulu iho la lakou i ka aina palena iki hana o he umikumamalua dala ka hora, a me ka cessation o ka hoomaau ana o ka 'ino ai nā meaʻeʻe moku. Eia hou, i ka Communists koi ma ka withdrawal o ka poʻe hao wale, mai Iraq a me ka ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka oihana koa Bedroom.

Ka 'aoʻao ola kona poe enemi

I keia la, i ka Communist Party o ka US, i ka helu o ka i, e like me kekahi mau hoike, i oi aku umikumamalima tausani kanaka, ua i mai o ka keena uuku e i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o nā newa, pōʻeleʻele loa, pāʻoihana a me na hui. Activists ia keena i mau hoʻoikaika i ka hōʻeaʻana mai o ke anaina i ko lakou mau malihini. Kēia i mea e hiki ai, e lawe mai i ka hou impetus i ka mākau alu kēia hui kūkāʻana ma laila.

I loko nō o ka mea i ka Communist Party o kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia ma muli o ka ia ideological nā loina me nā mea a pau'ē aʻe Marxist-Leninist aoao, a me ka mahele me ia i ka pahu hopu, i ka Americans, e like me ka olelo maluna, aole loa i kapaʻia no ka hamama wale, e loaʻa ai i ko lakou mau Pahuhopu.

Hard e olelo aku, He aha ka mea hou - humanism, anu i ka ho omaulia a me ka walaʻauʻana ano o ka hoʻoponopono ola, akā, no ka Communists American pakele ola i ka nui poʻeʻenemi i lilo i kekahi hapa o ka moolelo i keia mea ae.