Wai hydrogen: ka waiwai a me ka noi

Wai hydrogen - kekahi o ka hoʻopiha Huipuia, o ka hydrogen. Līkaia hou gaseous a me ka paa ana o keia hehee ai. A ina o ka gaseous palapala mea ninau i na mea he nui, i ka i koe mau loa Hawaii hoala mai ia wa iho.

moʻolelo

Wai hydrogen Ua loaa wale i loko o ka ke kanakolu o ka hope ke kenekulia, akā, i kēia kemika ua hiki mai i ka lōʻihi ala ma luna o ka ulu ana o keia hana o ke kinoea pūnaewele a me ka palapala noi.

Refrigeration experimentally hoomaka ae la e hana ma ka waena o ka umikumamawalu kenekulia i loko o 'Enelani. I ka makahiki 1984, ua loaa i ka liquefied sulfur dioxide i a me ka ammonia. Ma ke kumu o kēia mau haʻawina, he iwakalua makahiki hope ia hoʻomohala i ka Pahu Hau mua, a ma kekahi kanakolu makahiki Perkins Ua hoopukaia he kūhelu iaoaioa no kona hana mea hou i hana muaʻole. I ka makahiki 1851, ma ka kekahiʻaoʻao o ka 'Akelanika' Dzhon Gori maila ma luna o ka Rights o ka hanaia'na o ka lewa meaʻano kaulaʻi.

I ka hydrogen ka mea, eia wale nō i loko o 1885, ka wā i Pole Wroblewski kūkala i loko o kona 'atikala i ka baila aʻela i wahi o keia hehee ai ka 23 Kelvin, i ka piko mahana - 33 Kelvin, a me ka pilikia puʻe ka 13 me ka lewa. Ma hope iho o kēia'ōlelo, e hana i kekahi kinowai hydrogen ho'āʻo Dzheyms Dyuar ma ka hopena o ke kenekulia 19th, akā, ua i hiki mai ai i ke kumupaʻa o ka waiwai.

physical waiwai

Ua hoʻopiha moku'āina ua wehewehe aku ma ka loa haʻahaʻa nuʻaʻia --haneri, nā huna no cubic kenimika. Kēia i mea e hiki ai ke hoʻohana kŘpa a uuku ipu e hoahu wai hydrogen. Ke baila aʻela i wahi mea wale 20 Kelvin (-252 Kelekia) a me kēia waiwai ahau ke ano, ma ka 14 degere Kelvin.

ʻO ka waiʻAʻohe ala, waihoʻoluʻu a me kaʻaiʻana. Hoʻohuihui ia me ka o oxygen e i Naita me ka hapalua o ka hihia. I a hiki i ka baila aʻela i wahi o ka hydrogen hele i loko o ka gaseous moku'āina a me kona noi piʻina ma ka 850 manawa.

Ma hope o liquefaction o ka hydrogen ua hoonoho ma insulated pahu, a ua kākoʻoʻia me ka haʻahaʻa puʻe a me ka wela i loko o ka laulā mai ka 15 a hiki i 19 Kelvin.

prevalence hydrogen

Wai hydrogen ua hua mai artificially, a ma ka 'āina' aʻole i kānāwai. Inā 'oe i hoomaopopo i ka i loko o ka nui o ka hoʻopiha Hui Pūʻia, i ka hydrogen - ka loa nui hehee ai,ʻaʻole wale nō ma ka Honua akā, ma ka ke ao holoʻokoʻa. Ua ninoieo o na hoku (me mākou Sun), ka mea, ua piha i ka makahiki ma waena o lākou. Hydrogen Ua hoʻomau ana ma ka kuʻi nukeliu reactions, a ke hana i ke ao.

Ka Honua ka pńpa e hehee ai wale ma kahi o kekahi pakeneka o ka huina nui o ka waiwai ninoaaeyao. Kona kūlana i loko o mākou ke kaiaola hiki ke oaeuiinoe, mai ka mea i ka helu o ka hydrogen nā'ātoma ma ka helu lua wale i ka oxygen. Ma ka Honua, kokoke e pau laau o H ₂ i paa ai. Hydrogen - he ke keʻena o nā mea e noho ana.

i ka hoʻohana 'ana o

Wai hydrogen (mahana o -252 kekelē Kelekia ma) ua hoʻohana 'ia e like me ka punahelu no ka papaa o ke kakolina a me nā maemaeʻaila kā nā mea loaʻa. Eia kekahi, o ka a ianoiyuaa a hookupaa halihali manaʻo i hiki ke hoʻohana i ka liquefied hydrogen like wahie kahi o maoli kinoea. Kēia e emi i ka lilo o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka waiwai kumu waiwai a me ka emi hoʻomehana honua. Akā, i lōʻihi e like me ka mea e pono ai ke manao o ka engine, a ka mea iʻaʻole i loaʻa.

Wai hydrogen ua hoʻomano hoʻohana like me ka refrigerant physicists i loko o kā lākou mau ho okolohua me neutrons. Mai ka nuipa o ka haʻahaʻa (particles) a me ka hydrogen nucleus e kokoke like, ikehu, e loaa hou ka loa efficient therebetween.

Pono pū nō ia a me nā pilikia

Wai hydrogen ka ho'āʻana o na mea paio hahana maoli nō o ka lewa a me ka ho'ēmi i kā ka mea nui o ke kinoea hoʻomehana honua, ina hoʻohana like me ka wahie no ka kaa. Ma kona AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN me ka lewa (ma hope o hele ma ka maloko'ā engine) e paka i ka wai a me ka nīnūnē dala o nitric'okesaside.

Naʻe, i kēia manaʻo i kona mau pilikia, no ka mea hoike, i ke ano o ke kinoea pūnaewele a me ka halihali, e like me ka loa kamepiula o ke ahi a hiki Naita. O ea ae ka hana i nā mea a pau precautionary ana e kāohi 'ia paha i ka omoāea o hydrogen, aole e hiki.

aʻe paha

Wai hydrogen (pūnaewele mahana mai i 20 Kelvin) mea i ke keʻena o ka aʻe paha. Ua loaʻa paha kekahi mau hana:

1. Anuanu o ka engine eiiiiiaiou, a hoomalu nae lakou i ka kīʻamo mai overheating.
2. Mālama 'ua mau laau la ma hope o hoʻohuihui me ka o oxygen a me ka paio hahana maoli nō.

Hoikehonua, rocket kiko'ī hana ma luna o ka hoʻohui pū 'ia o ka hydrogen-ka oxygen. Kēia kōkua i loaʻa ai i ka makemake wikiwiki e lanakila i ka attraction o ka honua, a me ka malama a pau o ka mokulele, me ka hookauwa ana'ku ia lakou i ka hana o ka loa ana wela.

Currently He mea wale nō hoʻokahi rocket, i hoopau ai i ke hoʻohana hydrogen like wahie. Ma ka hapanui o hoopii, kinowai hydrogen ua koi 'ia e hoʻokaʻawale uka kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao, a me ka poe maalea i paʻa loa o ka hana i loko o vacuo. Mai ka noiʻi, he mau manaʻo kōkua e hoʻohana i ka hapalua-paʻahau ano o ka hehee ai i mea e mahuahua ai kona pa apŘ.