Abashevskaya liʻiliʻi: pehea e hana i kou mau lima

I nā manawa a pau o kanaka, e hoʻomaka ana me ka primitiveʻohana a hiki i ka makana lā,ʻo ia i ukali ia e toys. Initially, kēia mau mea a pau primitive figurines o nā akua i kanaka hoomana aku, akā, i nā hoomaka ae la lakou e hoʻomohala a me ka hookipa kaila na keiki.

Abashevskaya liʻiliʻi e aho "opiopio", i kēia 'ano o ka poʻe kānaka nō mea wale 200 makahiki kahiko, akā, ka mea, ua i ka mōʻaukala, a me ka pau "kakau".

I ka moolelo o ka lepo toys

Pottery i kona aʻa ma ka kahiko, no laila, loaʻa mai i ka ka mua manawa ma ka lepo hōʻikeʻia nani residues hoomaka mau kīʻaha, e lilo a me ka hana kālua na kii o kanaka a me ka holoholona, mea ole. Abashevskaya pālolo toys inoa no laila, no ka mea, o kona "kumu" mai ka ia kulanakauhale i loko o ka Apana Spassky o ka Penza aina.

Ke kulanakauhale Abashevo hapanui o nā mākua hana i loko o ka hana ana i mau ipu, akā, i loko o 12 aina i ua hua toys i kila koi.

Kekahi Artists Ua hilinaʻi ma ka mooolelo kahiko, akā, he mau no hoi ka poe e i engendered loa hou ano, i i pū i hiki i loko o ka 'ohana, mai ia hanauna aku ia hanauna aku. Abashevskaya liʻiliʻi, ka mōʻaukala o ka i pono i pili i ka mōʻaukala o ke kulanakauhale, ua hiki ke "ola" a me ka hoomau i ko lakou paha, ka 'ai i ka keia lā.

Ke kauhale Abashevo

Ka hapa nui o ka heluna kanaka o ke kulanakauhale hahai ma hope o ka Old manaoio. E makaala'na i kamaʻilio me ka hoʻomaloka, schismatics i koho kanaka ka manao a me ka akamai, i hiki ke kali i ka laulā o ke kaiāulu. Ka mea, ua kokoke ikaika rula i hoakakaia loaʻa hoʻomaloka, nā ma ka pae ana o ka mākau a me ko ka hale ona kailaʻae.

Ko lakou hoomana ana i ka lewa i loko o ke pio, "kāleka" a i lilo i ka liʻiliʻi i loko o ka palapala Abashevskaya kia kiʻekiʻe me stairway i ka lani, kona mau pepeiao. I ka hapanui o nā manaʻo, akä, o ka lepo figurines o na holoholona, he mau trifles, a mahope mai o ka wa kahiko no ka Slavs symbolized okoa, ao ke ano o ke ola:

• manu - ka mea, mea pōmaikaʻi, pomaikai;
• lio symbolized i ka la;
• Bear - ikaika, ka mana a me ka ikaika;
• ka hipa a me ka bipi - he hōʻailona o ka fertility;
• Dia - nui.

Abashevskaya liʻiliʻi (Hawaii photo mea Hōʻike ') ua pinepine hana ma na haku o na kanaka, hōʻike no i ka heluia, o ka mea kākau i ke ao nei. No ka laʻana, ka wahine symbolized ka hoʻokiwikā naʻaupō kēia kaikamahine i loko o he kūoʻo pālule, a me ka lākiō o ke Aupuni ua pinepine hana me ke aka o ka policeman a me ka policeman. Inā ka mea, e noho ana i loko o nā lima o nā manu, i ke ano o ia ke Aupuni, he poe aihue.

I ke kakahiaka nui 20th kenekulia Abashevskaya liʻiliʻi ua lilo no laila, mahalo i kona nā hōʻike i paʻa ole wale ma Moscow akā, i London, a Paris.

Kiʻiona hiʻona Abashevo toys

A kūikawā ano o toys, mai ke kauhale Abashevo koke distinguishes ia mai ōlaʻi i mai o keia ano o ka handicrafts i ka poe paahana, mai nā wahi. Elongated ke kino a me ka'ā'ī disproportionately lōʻihi me ka poo holoholona liʻiliʻi he ka epitome o ke ao nei kupanaha haku Larion Zotkina. I ke kakahiaka nui 20th kenekulia, ka mea, ua mua loa ana i hanaʻia e like me ke kinona a me ka ano o ka lepo dudochek o Abashevo.

ʻOiai nā mea a pau i ka "meʻe" Abashevo haku loa ai recognizable, ka mea, i kekahi fantastic hiʻona:

• elongated kino disproportionately holoholona e steadily ma ka pōkole wāwae ākea ma ke kaʻawale;
• lōʻihi manoanoa'ā'ī pau me ka uuku poo;
• loa a me ka nui oki ia e ka maka;
• poo o ke kao, kia, bipikane, a me nā hipa kāne hiʻona nui, pinepine nunui-tiered mau pepeiaohao;
• akaka laina Ekahi, Mane, a ma kaʻumiʻumi paha.

Ma ka palapala Abashevskaya liʻiliʻi hou e like me ka pōhaku pena, i ka wa a na kanaka kahiko e koe wale aʻo e kû ana i ke ao nei ma unuhi. Animal antlers nô i ka laau o ke ola, a me ka e wehe i ko lakou huelo, kahi e makemake podudet i ka liʻiliʻi hoʻomaka 'i "olelo." Masters o Abasheva aole sculpted, e hoohuli mai i ke ola, i ole e haawi i ko lakou akamai ana. A pau o ia e paa "ku" ana ma ka wāwae, symbolizing ka ikaika aa me Mother Honua.

Aie i ka mea i kēiaʻano o ka poʻe kānaka no oe i kiaʻana i kāna i loko o kekahi kauhale, i ke kau ana i ke kumu no ka muli o dynasties haku.

ʻana Abashevo haku

Zotkinʻana, i ka loa kaulana haku o ka lepo toys, hoomaka ae la ia Akinfy Frolovich, i hanauia ma ka 1883, a me kona kaikaina Larion. Lākou mau moopuna e ola nei i keia la, a hoomau i ka mooolelo o ko lākou mau kūpuna.

It Larion Zotkin i ka 20-30s i ka "hou" ola Abashevo liʻiliʻi. Ke kulanakauhale, a hiki i ua hoʻonohonoho Pottery kauä kuapaʻa. Kana hana i hana i ke kumu o ka hana ana o kona mau ukali. Abashevskaya liʻiliʻi (Hawaii photo hōʻike ia) i kona iho Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha, akā,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o kona mau maoli kauhale ho'āʻoʻia hana Zotkinʻana. Ka mea, i loko o Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha ma Penza, Sergiyev Posad, a me ka uku i hoiliili ole.

I waena o nā kaulana inoa Zuzenkovyh mamo aliʻi, Malyshev, Eskin, Nagaeva a me na mea e ae. Kēlā me kēia hou hanauna i lawe mai i kana mea i ike i ke kiʻi Abashevo toys.

E hoomakaukau pālolo

Ma mua o ka manaʻo pehea makapo Abashevo liʻiliʻi pono nānā 'ia e uku i ka makaukau ana o ka lepo no ka hana. Ma ka 19th kenekulia ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ke koi 'ia o ka papa lepo i pinepine pu ma ke kamepiula no ke ola. Ua Ua hoomakaukauia ma ka hooilo me ke kumukūʻai no ka mahina.

I keia la, o ka lepo hiki ke lawe mai i ka quarry, a kuai i loko o ka hale kūʻai. Inā ka lepo mai o ka wahi o kona-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, me kemikala mea hoʻonui, ka mea e e mālama '-maloo. Mahope, o ka lepo ua wāwahi ihola, hoonee impurities, a nāu kekahi me ka wai i loko o ka lākiō o ka 1/3.

He mea nui i ka nuipa a i loaa me ka popo lepo hookahi. Nāu kekahi mea e e waiho no kekahi manawa i ke one a me nā impurities noho iho a hiki i ka lalo o ka ipu.

Ke'ōlelo mai maloko pālolo Pono e hanaʻia naʻe iki ma mua o ka hoao ana kiʻekiʻe no ka ravioli, a laila, ikaika kaʻawili lima, ae hookaawale loa ea. E kaha i ka mākaukau o ka lepo, e hana, e hoʻohuʻu owili "sausage" a me ka hoʻohei mālie ma ka horseshoe. Ināʻo ia e haawi aku ai mawae, e hiki hoʻomaka hōʻikeʻia nani.

Hōʻikeʻia nani Abashevo toys

I kēia lā, i kekahi o na aoao o ke? Acaeoey o Hawaii mākau o nā lima, manaʻo a me ka uku hoopanee i ka poʻe akamai i loko o nā kamaliʻi mea e ao aku ia lakou e sculpt figurines mai o ka lepo a me ka pālolo. E hoʻomaka ana me nā keiki "pancakes" loa noonoo ole a me ka maopopo, a "sausage" i ka lepo, e ke hoike ia pehea e sculpt Abashevo liʻiliʻi kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao.

• Clay kawili i kona mau manamana lima, e hoʻomehana i ka mea a me ka haawi ia elasticity.
• Mai ka paʻi o ka lepo, eʻolokaʻa mai i kekahi "sausage" me ka manoanoa, e like me ka carrot hope.
• Ka pūhaka hapa o ka hakahaka hookomo i ka waena o kona nui ua hoʻokōʻia lāʻau aeie, a e haʻalele i ke akea i loko o ka toys e pono ai no ke pio.
• I ka luna o ka 'aukā workpiece lepo anuenue - ka mea, e ia i ka'ā'ī o ka holoholona, mai i ka mea uuku hopena ua ua'omoʻomoʻia ka waha.
• Mai ke kumu, e wehe i ke kī, pahaohao mai la manoanoa wāwae liʻiliʻi, a me ka "huelo" e huki i ka waha'ōlelo na ohe.
• E puka ma ka aoao o ke kino a hiki i kekahi paipu pio aku

Oe ke noae cutouts ole wale na maka, akā, i "ka hulu hipa", kaulawaha, na mea e nani ai. Mua keiki ke sculpt i ko lakou mau pepeiao, me nā kao keiki uuku, e hoʻomaka ana me na ilio a me nā pōpoki, a ka mea i kama'āina. Oia ka liʻiliʻi mea leʻaleʻa e hana,ʻaʻole wale nō i ke keiki. He nui nā mākua e hoomaka ana e ia e komo ai i loko o ke akamai o ka Pottery, he? Ueo i mea Abashevskaya liʻiliʻi.

Ia i kī pū a me ka pena

Ma hope o ka huahana ua maloʻo, ka mea pono e koiia mai e calcination. Ke kahiko haku hoʻohana no keia kūikawā umu - a umu o refractory pōhaku lepo. Ka hae ka nui o kēia mau umu ua 1.5 m + ma ka laula, a 2 m + ma ka kiʻekiʻe, a hookahi ma Abashevo i aneane na iwilei kela la i keia forges puhi aku i ka hana i nā ipu a me toys ikaika a me kaʻaʻahu.

I toys i ole Hi ohia, kā lākou obkladyvali shards, a stoked ke kapuahi me ka lāʻauʻoka a birch laau. Ma hope o ae hoʻolele, ka mea e hiki mai ana ke kahua, a i paʻa Abashevskaya liʻiliʻi - 'ia nā pōpō. Ua Ua wehewehe aku ma recognizable ma na ano a pau o ka pena - ua uhiia i ka hoʻopau 'ana i huina hoonui me ka paa ahu iho la ka huali monochrome kikokiko. Masters o ka 19th kenekulia hoʻohana i ka glaze, akā, ma hope, ua aila pena, maalo ae ia ia.

Ke kapa komo iā ia, ahu iho o ka aila HW, maloo i na kii, a laila, pena a i kapa komo iā ia me ka varnish nīnūnē nā kumumea i loko o ka hope mua. Me ka Hekikai o enamel hemahema no varnishing nalowale.

Ma kēia Potteryʻula kaʻina ka wikiwiki a me ka nui maluhia no na huahana, a me ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka lepo, i kuai ai ma ka hana kūikawā hale kūʻai, aohe mea hiki pono ma mua o ka maopopo pehea e e Abashevo liʻiliʻi a me ko lakou mau lima.

Museum Abashevo

Ma o ka hana o enthusiasts a me Artists ke ola mai nei i loko o Abashevo, i loko o ka mua hale Zotkin hooponopono iau o toys mai he palolo kekahi. Ke ohi nā 'ikamu e like haku o ka 19th - 20th kakahiaka nui kenekulia, a me ka poe paka toys i loko o ka aina, a me ka hope o ka hola.

Hou Abashevo lawaia

Pela papahana toys Abashevo hou dala i mālama ana i ua moolelo o na haku kahiko hoʻomau i ke ola. Ka Foundation e hooluolu mai'ōpiopio kanaka e lawe i ka hoihoi i loko o kēia 'ano o ke akamai, a wehe i ka hou oihana i loko o ka Spassky College - ". Pālolo hoʻomalu"