Agglutinin agglutinogen a - he koko kumuʻiʻo, ola-olaʻi

Agglutinogen - he koko kumuʻiʻo. Hana antigens mua i loko o ke kolu o ka malama o fetal? Acaeoey. He makana i loko o ka 2, 3 a me 4 pūʻulu koko. Ua ua ikeia, e like me nā ikepili i, ma kahi o 236 antigens mea i Hoʻohui 'i loko o 29 nenoai. ke koko pūʻulu ua nānā 'ia mai nā nenoai 2 - ABO a me RH.

I ka haku mele 'ana o ke koko. Agglutinogen - He aha ka keia?

E like me ua ikeia, koko ninoieo o ka wai, wai koko a me ka hana oihana mua: leukocytes, erythrocytes a me platelets.

Agglyutinogeny i kapaʻia antigens (AG). Ka mea, a pau loa imua i loko o nā keena o ke kino. Lākou mau 'ohana ka palekana ua pono ai na wahi a pau. ʻO ma o ka lolo. Antigens 'ē aʻe ma luna o ka pā ili o erythrocytes. A me agglutinogens i kā lākou keʻokeʻo keena koko (90ʻano).

Agglutinogen - he Nine Inch e mālama i ka malihini, a genetically kuhikuhi i kekahi kanaka, 'ike a me ka launa pū' ana me nā nā mea'aʻaʻa.

Ma kā lākou mau Nine Inch ano, e māheleʻia i loko o:

• nā polokina (RH kumuʻiʻo Colton listen AL.);
• glycoproteins (Lutheran);
• glycolipids (AVO).

Agglutinogen - he gamma-globulin, a ua i hiki ai i ke keiki ma ka'āina hoʻoili. He, a me ka wai koko agglutinin ka manawa e hoʻoholo i ke koko 'ano, e like me au i ke ma lalo nei.

Oihana agglutinogens a me agglutinins

Inā agglutinogens, ka mea, i ka ia antigens ili mai na makua, na agglutinins (nā mea'aʻaʻa a me nā mea'aʻaʻa) e hua mai la i ka makahiki mua o ke ola. Ua synthesizes nā mea'aʻaʻa o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea oihana, a me ka mea pū wale me ka antigen no i ka mea i manaoia.

I nā mea'aʻaʻa elicit ka'ōnaehana paleʻea pane. Ka mea, agglutinate (i loko o nā hua'ōlelo, glue) microbial keena, a no laila, ka mea, e luku. A laila, i kēia mau ōpū me ka make malihini aeee i precipitated a hoopuni excreted. A antigens haawi ia i ka mea e pono ike. No laila, agglutinogens, agglutinins koko hoola i ke kino, mai ke kaua ana o na kino. Me kā lākou mau hana kūpono ola ole i ke Akua.

koko pūʻulu

Kapa hoʻohanohano ma ke alo a pae otstutstvie antigens a me nā mea'aʻaʻa. Antigens he nui loa. Naʻe, i ka mea nui no ka lapaau antigen A a me B, e like me nā mea'aʻaʻa Alpha a me Hoʻokolohua.

A lua nui ano o ke kanaka koko o RH koko kumuʻiʻo, oa. E. kona alo a me ka wa e kaawale aku.

No laila, hoomaopopo koko pūʻulu; agglutinogens a me agglutinins ia i ka classify wale ka mea e pili ana i ka agglutination.

E hoakaka i kekahi hui, e lawe mai ia i ka hoao ana. I ka paʻipaʻiʻia ai e ia lŘlŘ sera (ai ole) ka naoh agllyutinatsii. Ma keia naoh, a me ka hoʻopau.

Agglutination - he naoh i loko i pili pu, a'opi nā mea'aʻaʻa a me antigens i mea ole hana maʻalahi i kekahi i kekahi. No ka laʻana, erythrocytes agglutinogens 2 koko pae hui me nā mea'aʻaʻa e Hoʻokolohua wai koko. Inā keia haule koko nā mea'aʻaʻa Alpha, e lākou ka ponaʻana. Keena make. A Hoʻokolohua lāʻau lapaʻau kino hāʻule i loko o ka Tube me ke koko lāʻau lapaʻau ka antigen B, i ka "Launch" ka maluna naoh.

mō'aukala noiʻi

First koko pūʻulu i haawi ia e ka ABO nenoaiu. Ua hiki i ka 1901, ka wā Karl Landsteiner loaa nā mea'aʻaʻa. Na Mea Maluna o ka ulu Karl Landsteiner a me J. Jansky. Lakou i manao ai, agglutinogen - keia mea he huna, me ka ike ole o na ano a he mea hiki ole ke hoʻomau ho okolohua me ka transfusion. A mākou e hoʻomau i ka hana i loko o kēia ao. I ka 1903, i ka pae kaukahi, no na mai 4.

A ma ka 1940 A. Wiener a me K. Landsteiner loaa ka RH ololi. Kēia kumuʻiʻo ua loaʻa i loko o ka hola 85% o nā poʻe me ka keʻokeʻo ili. Inā prisutstveut kumuʻiʻo i loko o ke koko o RH maikaʻi (RH +), a me ka wā i loaʻa - io (Rh-). No ka mea, hoʻolaha koko hui ma ka muli o kēia mau 'oihana.

rula transfusion

Koko transfusions, a hiki i ko makou manawa, a me nā mea a pau i ka 'inikua ike o ko mākou mau makahiki, ia mea pilikia loa. By transfusion ua io ia wale ia ke koko me keia poho ka 25% a oi o ka heluna ka leo. He nui ÷ ino - nā mea hoʻomaʻi posttransfuziozny hawewe - i kekahi mea.

Ke ho'āʻo nei e huli i ke koko loa kupono, ai ole ia e i transfusion complications. ʻOiai ka mea, ua maopopo i kanaka me ka 1 pūʻulu - nā ao kona mau pou, aka, ina o ka buke o ke koko transfusedʻano nui, ia mea maikaʻi, e hoole i ke koko pae. ʻO ia pili i ka poʻe i hui 4, i mea na nā haka no ka mea'ē aʻe nā pūʻulu.

1 Media pūʻulu kaʻoi loa, no ka mea, ua kapaʻia kona mau pou-versatile ua nui ke koko transfusion agglyutinogeny kahi e ka mea. Ma hope o ka agglutination naoh i loko o keia hihia e ole.

I mau, na rula i mea transfusion. Akā, i ka waiwai o ka mālama '-transfusion ole i kekahi ke olelo mai. I ke koko i ke agglyutinogeny nalo, a ma ka Ikepili ua veroyatnst i ka mea e ole hōʻike. A laila, ua make i ke kanaka ma hope o ka transfusion o ka nui koko puke mai ka hawewe. Aka, i kona hui Pono e ike like kēlā me kēia kanaka, a, o ka papa, e ike i ke alo o ka RH kumuʻiʻo.

RH ololi a me ka hāpai keiki

Inā he wahine i ka hopena maikaʻi RH kumuʻiʻo koko, a 'o ia hoʻi ia i hāpai keiki hiki i pilikia. Ke keiki a me ke alo o keia kumuʻiʻo, e ia i na mea no ke kino i ka makuwahine.

Once na wahine a hiki paipai ole, e hele no na kanaka, ka poe i ka RH kumuʻiʻo. Mother o nā mea'aʻaʻa e luku fetal ulaula koko keena. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, o kela mea keia agglutinogen - ka hapa o ka "kaua'ōnaehana" ma aeee e huhūʻoukou iā ia ma nā malihini.

Ka wā e kue monkeys e hiki complications:

• Hemolytic mai o ke keiki;
• jaundice i hanau;
• miscarriage.

Aka, ina he wahine mea, e mālama ana oe ia oe iho a me ka manawa e ma lalo o ka hooponopono ana o kauka, i ke keiki e hanau e pono ola.