Armand de Ka Caulaincourt, ka Palani diplomat. "Napoleon ka kaua o Rusia"

Armand de Ka Caulaincourt - Palani koa a me ka pili aupuni alakaʻi maikaʻi ike no kona memoir, hoʻolaʻa iā Napoleon ka moho i loko o Rusia, e like me ka pili aloha me nā alakaʻi o ke aupuni a pau nui elua, ka poe i akoakoa ma ka 1812 i loko o ke kaua koko.

Wā kamaliʻi a me i kakahiaka nui ola

Makua o ka wā e hiki mai Kuhina o Napoleon a me ka Palani Aina Kuhina i loko o ke koa, a noho iho la ia me kona ohana i ka hereditary kākela Caulaincourt i ka mokuna o ka oihana o Aisne. Iwa ma December 1773 i loko o kona lōʻihi-kakali hooilina i hanau. Ke keiki i ka inoa o Armand.

No ka 'ohana ua aliʻi, loaa i ke keiki ka hoʻonaʻauao ma ka home, a me wale i ka 1778 Armand de Ka Caulaincourt, ka hahai i nā kapuwaʻi o kona makua kāne, ka hoʻomaka' ana i kona mau koa ala. I ka makahiki o ka umikumamalima, i heluʻia o nā keiki i loko o ka haole aliʻi lio regiment me ke ano o ke Kula Uku. Ma ka umikumamaono a me ka hapalua Caulaincourt i mua o ka lua o ka lutanela, a ma ka 1791 i mālama i adjutant i kona makua kāne.

hoomaau ana

1792 i lawe mai i ke kanaka'ōpiopio,ʻaʻole wale nō hanana i hauʻoli ai, akā, i ka mea pilikia. Ma mua,ʻo ia i hoʻopiʻi 'ana i ke ano o ka luna, a laila, anapu koke hookuu mai i ka poe kaua. Ke kumu no ka mea i ka inoa o ke alii ko lakou i kena e hoʻohuoiʻia i waena o ka Palani hoʻokahuli aupuni aupuni, a ma ia manawa pono, aa aku la kaua me Austria, a hoolilo ia i loko o ka poʻe kaua o ke koa, e hoʻomaʻemaʻe.

Akā, Armand de Ka Caulaincourt i ole kekahi o ka poe i haawi mai ai maʻalahi. I ka hookahi makahiki i noi aku ai i ka National poe kiai ma lalo o ka Paris (i loko o ka lālā o ka Red kea) ma luna o nā kuleana o nāʻaʻa, a me ka loa koke, ua loaa i ka manao pono, e alakai, e lilo ana i ka papa kiʻekiʻe makai me kekahi o ka Parisian battalions. Next Caulaincourt haule i loko o ka poʻe kaua o nā grenadiers, a he uuku ma hope - lio poʻe kiaʻi. Pēlā ka manaʻo i hele smoothly na mea a pau, akā, laila hou holoholo ai aristocratic kêia kanaka. E noonoo pono i ke kanaka'ōpiopio o loa hana kupua, la oia i hopu hou, a kiola ia i loko o ka halepaahao, mai aʻo ia, akā naʻe, koke holo.

noho maikaʻi

me 1794 'oihana Caulaincourt loa koke hele uphill. I wale hoʻokahi makahiki, ua hiki i ke ano o ka luna o ka squadron o ka lio regiment, e lawelawe ma ka ia adjutant Kuhina Ober Dubail (he kokoke hoaaloha o kaʻohana). I ka 1796-ka m Ober Duban lilo kēlā i nāʻelele ma Constantinople, a me Armand de Ka Caulaincourt penei.

Ma Fratsiyu opiopio koa hoʻi i ka 1797-m + a me ka lawelawe 'ana i hope mau i loko o ka poʻe koa o ka Meuse, a Sambre. A laila, aia no i ka Kelemānia, Mayan, a me Rhine Army. Caulaincourt i ka lokomaikaiia, i ke ano o ka colonel, kauoha mai la oia i ka regiment o carabineers. Komo i loko o nā kaua o ka holoholona, a ma lalo o Venheymom. Iloko o ka mea hope, ua houia oia palua, akā, i ka holoholona ua nō i hele aku. Kona kaʻana like 'ana i haule iho la i ke kaua a me ka Nersheyme mooskirchen.

takeoff

I ka 1799 ma Farani ka mea i lukuʻia Papa Kuhikuhi a me maoli, hoomaka ae la ka Napoleonic'āina. He Hoikehonua, ua,ʻaʻole i lilo ia Auguseto (keia, e hiki wale i ka 1804), akā, ka mea, ua ka mua Kanikele, a pâʻani 'o ia i loko o nunui kūlana lehulehu ola.

Kēia manawa i maoli takeoff nâ Caulaincourt. A me nā mahalo i ka patronage o kekahi hoaaloha kahiko o ka 'ohana - ", ka Palani haole lawelawe" Talleyrand, ka mea i mālama ai ma lalo Napoleon i loko o ka papa o Kēia kanaka e hoʻokele i ka i ka mea i kona proteges hele i St. Petersburg me hoohiwahiwa mai Napoleon a hiki i Alexander ka Nui, a hiki i ka noho aliʻi.

Ke kipa hoomaka ma ka 1801-ka m, a pau i ka 1802-m. No ka makahiki i loko o Rusia Caulaincourt ke ingratiate ia ia iho me Alexander, a pela "Hoohewa mai la" ia lakou iho ma ke aloha o Napoleon, koʻu mahalo ia ia no ka pono hana.

Ma kona hoʻi i ka holomua diplomat lilo adjutant o Napoleon, a koke i waihoia mai me ka hana ana o inspecting ka honorary consular eii? Oi? Ia.

A iki ma hope, Caulaincourt, ka mea i ole i nā makahiki he kanakolu, la i ko lakou mau lima ma luna o ka noho luna ana o ka regiment o ka lio o ka poe kaua o ka Rhine.

'Inoʻino loa i ke kaulana

I ka makahiki o ka pii ana a hiki i ka nohoalii imperial o Napoleon me Armand de Ka Caulaincourt hiki kaʻawaʻawa loa moʻolelo. Ke kauoha i ao mai ai ia, e haawi aku ma luna o ka luna o Baden memo i loaʻa i kekahi noi e hoike mai i loko o Baden koa naehana. I ke aʻoʻana i ua mea hewa, akā, na organizers o ka hewa hoʻohana ke Duke me ka pale. He Ua kidnapped a ua ike Caulaincourt like 'ole i loko o ka hihia ponoi.

Colonel kaulana i kanalua ma hope o ka pahuna ihe nui. Akā, i loko o ka maka o kana punahele Napoleon haule iho la. Emperor hoʻokomo i ka manaʻo i Caulaincourt wale ka honua. He Hoikehonua kāheaʻia manao lea hoi au i loko o ke ahiahi nui ikaika a me kou Ka Hānai Ā Huhu ma ka hou ana i ke kāpiliʻana i nā eii? Oi? Hope waiho mana hoʻomalu ma luna o ka ana o ka etiquette i loko o ka pā hale imperial.

Kaumaha i loko o ka inoa o ka mea hana

Service ma ke alo hoolana aku i ka mea lapuwale Armand de Ka Caulaincourt, ka mea i loko o 1805 i hoʻokiʻekiʻe ai i ka nui nui, a laila, i i hookoia ka honorary imperial Papa. Akā, ua kiʻekiʻe 'oihana e piʻi like, auwe,ʻaʻole me ka casualties. Location He Hoikehonua ua pipiʻi, a me kekahi o kona koi i Caulaincourt nahā i me ka wahine ana i aloha ai.

Napoleon hahai ma hope bourgeois kūmau o ka pono,ʻaʻole aloha oki mare. A kaikamahine o ka hanohano ma Madame de Ka Canisius Empress i hemo. Caulaincourt maoli makemake e mare me ia, akā, e hiki mai.

Ma waena o Napoleon a me Alexander

Ma kekahi o na kaua ia Arman e hoomalumalu mai ana ia e Napoleon ma wanaao ae o kekahi wawalo mea poepoe, a me ka Auguseto lilo nui ka leʻaleʻa i loko o kona protégé. Alaila, haawi mai la ia ia i ka dukedom, a ma ka 1807, Caulaincourt loaa i ka houʻoihana - "ʻelele France ma Rusia. "Heʻoiaʻiʻo i loko o St. Petersburg patriot o kona'āina hānau i ole kuni makemake e hele, akā, iʻaʻa e hoʻokuliʻoe He Hoikehonua.

Ma Rusia, Arman lilo elima makahiki, a me nā mea a pau i kēia mau makahiki ho'āʻo ana e hooki aku i ka mea i hele mai inexorably - ke kaua ma waena o nā aupuni a elua. A me Alexander, a lilo loa ma kahi kokoke, a me Napoleon Caulaincourt kaumaha loa ua mahaloia a aloha. Keia ia ia, mai kona lawe ana i kekahi i kekahiʻaoʻao. Heʻae e kiu no Farani, e like me ka noi ana He Hoikehonua, akā,ʻike akula ia i Alexander i hoakaka. Naʻe, ka mea i hiki mai ai unintentionally - he kanaka me ka mea a ke Duke hoʻolauna Lūkini Auguseto, i kona longtime haipule Tayleran,ʻo Rose i ka aoao o Alexander, a hōʻike iā ia i waiwai ike, mai ka Palani Aha.

Caulaincourt pinepine ae la oia e paa ana ia i mea kamaʻilio me Napoleon ma ka inadmissibility o ke kaua, a me ka ho'ōla i ka Auguseto hooholoia i ka Lūkini tsar pūʻali koa i mea ia ia. Ka hopena ua ka resignation, mai ka lāʻau kū o ka kanikela o ka Duke. Caulaincourt hoi i Farani, i ka 1811.

War o 1812

A ma ka 1812 i ke kaua wawahi mai, a ua hou i ka Duke i loko o Rusia. Wale nō manawa i loko o ke kūlana o ka diplomat mea ole, e like me ka occupier.

Kokoke i ka manawa a pau āna i hoʻohala ai e hiki mai ana ia Napoleon, a hoomau iho la oia i ka olelo mai e ku e kaua hana. Once keia hiki ma ke alo o Alexander ka Nui, i ka naʻe. He Hoikehonua ua ai huhu i kona protege, i ole e kamailio pu me ia no kekahi mau pule. A i hoike mai walohia ma o ka make ana o kona kaikaina Caulaincourt i loko o ke kaua o Borodino.

Hou i lawe mai i ka Emperor a me ke Duke o ke kālā ua hoano e pu: ka mea e makau ai lā lilo i loko o ke kapikala o Rusia, kuni, a laila, inglorious hoʻi i ka hale.

ma hope o ka kaua,

Ka War o ka 1812 i pau loa ino no Farani a me Napoleon ia ia iho. E like me oe i ike, ua haʻakoiʻia e abdicate i loko o ke aloha o kana keiki. Akā,ʻo Caulaincourt kakali hoʻonui. E like me Auguseto, He Hoikehonua he manawa e hana nui i kauoha, a me kona punahele ua he nui pou - ", ka Palani haole lawelawe" Ma keia mau manamana, oia ua pinepine ae la oia alakaʻi ka maluhia i mea kamaʻilio, a ua noi Alexander i Napoleon ka hoʻokaʻawale ma ka mokupuni o Elba , kahi o ka make paha.

Abdication o He Hoikehonua i ka maikaʻi hopena ma luna o ka mea kino ola Caulaincourt. He ua hope hiki ke mare i kana mea i aloha ai.

Aʻole loli ana e ke Duke a me ka hoihoi hou ana - o kela hookahi i kekahi o kona mau mea koikoi koe me ia. Paha, keia i ka hopena o ka mehana ana me ka Lūkini Auguseto.

Akā koke i ke aloha o ka Palani hale ma Caulaincourt nalowale. Ke Puhi iho i ke alii hooneleia ia o nā mea a pau i nā kūlana hana. Kuhina o ke Duke ua a 1814.

"Alahou ana" a me ka hina

Ma ka lā mua o ka pūnāwai i loko o 1815, Napoleon hoi aku la a hiki i Farani, a hoomaka ae la e noho alii ia hou. A mua papa Palani diplomat loaʻa koke hou ia iho i loko o ka noho o ka Haole Kuhina. He hana mau, e pili ana i kā lākou mau laina, i ua ho'āʻo ana e huki pu He Hoikehonua, a hana ino aku la ia iaʻEulopa. Akā, i ole no kuʻu kaumaha. Napoleon ua eager no ke kaua, a me Europa aina makemake hope pakele no ia, a ho'ōla hiki - kona hope kaua He Hoikehonua nalowale.

Ma June 1815 Caulaincourt lilo i nā hoa o Farani, a ma o Iulai hoi aku la a hiki i ka noho aliʻi o nā Bourbons. Napoleon i hewa. No ka ua i kona hoi ana i ka haule ana e like hoʻokahi haneri lā.

Armand, he ia e hopu, akā,ʻo ia hou kōkua i ka Lūkini kekahi - o ka Auguseto. Ke kaumaha e neʻe i St. Petersburg Caulaincourt hoole koena o kona mau lā, ua noho ia ma ka hale, i hou? Iaeoe? Kiʻekiʻe kūlana, a ua pau loa ia kaʻawale mai kālai'āina.

Hoolilo nui manawa i kākau i kona memoirs e pili ana i ke kaua, he umikumamakahi makahiki ( "Napoleon ka kaua o Rusia), He make i ka 1827, ka umikumamaiwa o Feberuari, I ka manawa o kona make ka mea, he kanalima-ekolu makahiki.

Armand de Ka Caulaincourt: "Napoleon ka kaua o Rusia" (Memoirs)

Ma kona mau memoirs e pili ana i ke kaua me Rusia, mea kākau o ka memoir wehewehe i nā hanana o ia mau makahiki ma ka mea uuku lāliʻi. Close ia Napoleon, oia ua pau lā, no laila, i ka manawa e loa ninaninau kanaka, a hoolei i kona mau loina ma luna o ka pepa.

Eia hou, He Hoikehonua ano a pau loa imua i loko o nā Memories a me nā moʻolelo o nā nui ipu o ka Farani kaua, e like me kahi o Alexander.

An inā pilikia ka haumāna koa alakaʻi,ʻaʻole wale ho'ākāka i ke kaua, akā, i hāpai mai mākau hana, kamailio e pili ana i na kumu no ka outbreak o hostilities, a o ka mainoino hope i kā lākou Palani.

Palapala memoirs Armand de Ka Caulaincourt loa wawe ko, oluolu e heluhelu. No ka mea manawa mua o ka puke i paʻiʻia wale nō i ka makahiki 1833, a ua mea he waiwai kumu no ka moʻolelo, akā, no hoi no a pau ka poe hoihoi i loko o ke kaua o Napoleon me Rusia, a luku i ka Auguseto nui.