Boris Rauschenbach: Kawaihae a me ka Hawaii photo

Academician Boris Viktorovich Raushenbah - Soviet Rusia a me ke ao nei-kaulana nä känaka 'epekema, kekahi o na Mamua o astronautics i loko o ka USSR. I ka physicist, he mechanic, oia ua i kaupalena 'wale i keia specialization. Boris V. pili ana i ka 'epekema hana i loko o ka mahinaʻai o ke akamai mōʻaukala, mōʻaukala o ka hoomana, e like me journalistic hana no na mea he nui Contemporary nīnūnē e i loaaʻi hiʻona a pau maluna iho o ka honua. He ua, ua mālama 'ana i ka neʻeʻana o kēia kanaka Kelemānia Russian no ka mea hou o ke aupuni' ē aku.

Biographies o nā kānakaʻepekema

Boris Rauschenbach Ua hanau ia ma Petrograd (e St. Petersburg) January 18, 1905 ma ka ohana o Lūkini kēia kanaka Kelemānia.

Ma hope o ke kula kiʻekiʻe, i ke kanaka opiopio la i ka 'oihana i loko o ka mokulele hola i loko o Leningrad. pâʻani 'o ia i ka i Kekahi Mau' o ka mea kanu i ke kūlana i loko o kona hopena: i ka 1932, ua lilo i ka haumāna ma ka Leningrad Institute o Kanawai nā kānakaʻenehana'auwaʻa hoʻomaka e e hoʻomau ana ma ka gliding. Hepa i alakai ai i kekahi mau makamaka, me Sergey Pavlovich Korolev, a ma ka wā e hiki mai, a no ke kōkua 'ana me ia, i loko o ka rocket a me ka makahiki hana o Soviet' epekema.

I ka 1937, Rauschenbach hoʻoneʻe i ke kapikala, e hana i loko o ka hui Rocket Research Institute, alakaʻiʻia Sergei Korolev. No laila, Boris Viktorovich Raushenbah, he Hawaii photo a me ka inoa o ka i a laila noho i ke kapu no ka manawa lōʻihi a hiki i ka lehulehu, ua ala ae nei ia ma na kahua o ka Mamua o ka Soviet pokole polokalamu.

Next ua i ka 'oihana ma ka mea e malu ai i loko o kanu Sverdlovsk (Yekaterinburg i keia la), a i evacuated Rocket Research Institute ma November 1941 (RNII).

Ma ke kupulau o 1942 i hopu Rauschenbach, a hoouna aku la i ka poe kaua pono no ka mea i ka mea, ua Kelemānia. Ma ka hana e hoʻomoana ai, Boris V. mau i ka hana ma ka homing Anati-mokulele pūpū, ho o kona mahuka ana. Ua Ua ua malamaia i ike mokulele akamai Viktorom Bolhovitinovym. Mahalo iā ia, i ka makahiki 1945 i hoolilo ia Nizhny Tagil Rauschenbach ma ka oihana o kūikawā noho.

I ka 1948, a me ka hou poo o RNII Mstislav Keldysh Rauschenbach loaʻa NII-1 o ke Kuhina o maunakea hana luna o ka 'Oihana.

I ka 1955, Rauschenbach kekahi i Sergeyu Korolevu, ma ka honua i ka hoomaka mua e noiʻi i ke kohoʻia a me ka noi i loko o ka lewa kaa.

Rauschenbachʻohana a me kona kêia kanaka

E like me ka haʻi Boris Viktorovich Raushenbah, kona 'ohana iʻikeʻia i loko o Rusia ma ka XVIII kenekulia. I ka 1766, Empress Ana II hoʻonohonoho i ke kai eʻe, e resettle na kēia kanaka Kelemānia ma Rusia. Mahalo i kēia kulekele, a ua i ke kupuna o ka nä känaka 'epekema Karl-Friedrich Rauschenbach me kana wahine i loko o ka Volga māhele' āina.

Ka makua kāne o ke nä känaka 'epekema, Victor Ya (waena inoa hele mai ana, mai ka inoa o kona kupuna kāne Iakoba), ua he kanaka maoli o ka Volga māhele, o ka aina, a ma ia manawa i hanaʻia he panalaau ia no Kelemānia noho. Hoʻonaʻauao ma Germany, lailaʻo ia i hana like me ka oaoieei-manakia i kekahi tannery "Skorokhod".

E like me na memoirs o Boris Viktorovich, kona makuakane i ka loa ano a me ke kala mai i kanaka. A hiki aku i ke keiki la i, Victor Ya ikaika i lawe mai iā ia i ka pono o ka haaheo no ka mea Kelemānia kumu. I ka Ia manawa ia i hana ia e akakaʻi.

Rauschenbach makuwahine, Leontine Fridrihovna (Lūkini kaila - F.) Gallico i hānau i loko o Estonia (Saaremaa), me Kinohi - Baltic Kelemānia. Ike 'ōlelo eha - Russian, Kelemānia, ka' ōlelo Palani a me'Ōlelo'Esetonia, a hoi hoʻokumu i kona hoohana i loko o Rusia i loko o ka waiwai ohana bonnoy. kona mare ana ma hope o lilo i housewife.

Mother ua loa ikaika akā, maikai kumu, eia nae ma ke ano maoli - heʻoluʻolu, mikiʻala a me kaʻoliʻoli kanaka. Ka mea, nāna nō hoʻi i luna o kā lākou mau keiki (Boris ka kaikuahine Karin Elena) ka hiki ole e lilo uhane ma ka noho pilikia maʻamau o wahi, i hiki i kōkua mai iā lāua i loko o ka wā e hiki mai. Boris Rauschenbach, kona Kawaihae ua piha o ia wahi, i hiki ke decently ola i kou ola mea.

Boris Rauschenbach umikumamalima makahiki nele o kona makua kāne:ʻo ia i make ia i ka makahiki o ka makahiki kanaono mai ka naʻau ole.

make iho la kona makuahine ma hope o ke kaua. Loss o ka makuwahine Boris ua hoano e loa paakiki hoike o ia - kona kaikuahine palapala, i ka mea i hoopaa mai.

Personal ola

Lākou hoʻopaʻi, Vera Mikhailovna, Boris Viktorovich Raushenbah hui ma Moscow, kahi āna i hoʻowalewaleʻia maiʻo ia ma 1937, e like me ka shipbuilding a malina hana ma Leningrad ia ua i pili. I keia manawa i ka aina i ape nalu o ka hopu a me Rauschenbach, he Kelemānia hiki wale ia i loko o ka poe hoomoana. Mau kumumea Ua pahu i nā'ōpio nä känaka 'epekema, e neʻe i ke kapikala, kahi hiki ole ai i kekahi i ike ia ia.

Soon Boris i loko o ke keʻena, kahi āna i noho ai me kona mau hoa, ua noho no ka Woman Vera. Vera M. Ua hanau ia ma Kramatorsk (Ukraine). Au i hele mai ai i Moscow e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina. A hiki i kekahi hiamoe ua noho ia me kona makua, ka mea i paʻa i ka kiʻekiʻe pou. Eia naʻe, ma ka May 19, ia i hopu, a laila, pana aku la ia, a Woman hoʻokuke akula. Pela Vera i loko o ke keʻena, kahi āna i noho Rauschenbach.

Ke keiki kanaka ho'āpono mare mua o ka kaua, 24 May 1941. E like me na memoirs o Rauschenbach, kā lākou kakau pololei i ua hōʻike ma "12 noho" e Ilf a me Petrov. Ka mea, ua leʻaleʻa ...ʻaʻole mea eʻuwao me keia manawa, i ka wā Boris V. i loko o ka hana e hoʻomoana ai (kana wahine pinepine kipa).

He manao Boris Viktorovich Raushenbah, pilikino ola ua ulu ana, ma muli naʻe o ke ola o ka auwe. Ka mea, i kupanaha mau keiki, a mau moopuna. No kekahi mea mea kahaha ko oukou naau i ka ai i na makahiki ia i Vera M. - ka wale wahine.

Ke ala i loko o ka lewa

E like me ke nä känaka 'epekema, Raushenbah Boris Viktorovich hoao ana ia ia iho nō i ka Leningrad mokulele hola helu 23, kahi āna i komo i loko o ke kukulu a me ka hoao ana o ka glider. Hana i ka pilina i ka palapala o ka mea mua? Iie na pepa, i ka theme like o i i ka lonikū kumupaʻa o ka tailless mokulele. Ka Ia theme like o Boris Rauschenbach hoʻoili i loko o RNII Queen, akā manawa no keia hana a hiki i ka moku peʻa Kao lele lako kaua.

I ka 1938, ua hōʻoki aku i ka papahana ma muli o ia i ka hopu ana o ka Mō'īwahine, a me Rauschenbach refocused mokulele hēkī kiko'ī, i ka kumumanaʻo o ka'ā.

Gulag mea,ʻaʻole he keʻakeʻa nei no i nä känaka 'epekema: i loko o kahi e hoʻomoana aiʻo ia i hana i homing Anati-mokulele pūpū, i loko o ka wā e hiki mai kōkua kiʻi iā ia mai loko mai o kahi e hoʻomoana ai, e lilo i hana nā meaʻeʻe moku, a no ka hoʻomau' ana i kona hana no RNII.

I ka 1948, i ke aloha a hiki i ka hou poo o ke Kao lele lako kaua Research Institute Mstislav Keldysh Rauschenbach hoi i Moscow, ma ka Sri-1 ua hoʻoili ramjet engine, o ka'ā kuekueni, a acoustic kuekueni i loko o kēia 'ano o ka engine.

I ka 1955, Boris V. hele aku e hana i ka Moiwahine, kahi ia me he nä känaka 'epekema i kekahi hanana kūpono - ka mua manawa i loko o ke ao nei e lawe mai hana e pili ana i ke kohoʻia a me ka neʻeʻana o ke kaa i loko o ka lewa. A laila, mahalo i ka hana panaʻaoʻao o ka Moon kona ma ka Soviet spacecraft "Luna-3" i paa. I ka makahiki 1960, me ka uku Rauschenbach i i hookoia ka Lenin uku.

I ka 1958, Boris V. kokua i kona doctoral ia hoʻi (PhD kokua i ka 1948).

Malalo o umi makahiki no kānakaʻepekema, e hoʻomaopopo i ka interplanetary ia hoonoho ai i lele heluia, e hooponopono'ōnaehana "You", "Mars", "ʻimi" spacecraft akomi a me ka manuale pololei ma.

Raushenbah Boris Viktorovich, nona Kawaihae Ua ikaika ua hoʻopili i nā cosmos, kekahi i kaʻeleu loa i loko o ka makaukau a me ka manaʻo o ka holo ana o ka mea mua cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin.

I ka 1966, Boris V. wae i ka lālā e like no ka Academy o Sciences (LIKE) o ka USSR, a me ka iwakālua nā makahiki ma hope, ua lilo i piha lālā o ka Academy o Sciences.

Iconography a Rauschenbach

E like me ke nä känaka 'epekema haole i mai la ia ia i hiki ole hana me ka' epekema theme, ina ka mea, ua ano e hana ma luna o oi ma mua o ke kakini'ē aʻeʻepekema. A me ia mea i loko o laua i ka hana ma ka makahiki, hoomaka ae la me ia e hoihoi i loko o nā mea a pau i mea fraught me ka mea hou, aole nae unexplored, e like me oe, iconography.

Boris Rauschenbach, he kuko no ka mōʻaukala i hoikea mai oia, e like me ke keiki, aloha ae la ia i ka hele i ka hailona, o ka oi aku i loko o nā kūlanakauhale a me ka kahiko mōʻaukala. Ua akā, ua nānā ma ka 'epekema hoihoi i hoomaka ai e hele mai i ka icons. Ka mea i ka mea, i hilahila ia ma ke ala o ka hoolilo ana o ka lewa i loko o ia mau mea, i kapaʻia "aʻe kuanaʻike", illogical a me ka mea ku ole i ka ike rula o ka For.

Ka ukupanee ma ka aʻe kuanaʻike i kekahi, ua ua hoʻopili i ka pāʻoihana o ka pilikia docking manaʻo i loko o ka lewa.

hoomaka epekema e noiʻi ana i kēia kŰia. Eia naʻe, i aku la ia i loko o ka mooolelo o ka hana o ka maka, i ka lolo. E hana i kēia mea, he ia e i ka makemakika ano o ka lolo hope. E like me ka hopena, Rauschenbach hiki i ka hopena i pau kēia mau malihini icons mea maoli a me ka inevitable.

He manao Boris Viktorovich Raushenbah, iconography mea he okoa aku o ka lanakila ma mua o ka mea i ike ke kanaka i ka hopena o kekahi maka noonoo. E like me ka hopena, i ka ikona hana mai manaoio i ke ao nei mea nae i ka maikaʻi a me ka maikaʻi.

Rauschenbach Ua hoomaopopoia e ka mea mea hiki ole ke ike i ka icons, i ka ike ole i theology. A hoomaka ae la oia e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina theology, a hiki i kekahi mea i kākau i loko o kēia kahua, ma ka pau o ka Trinity ( "Ka kūpili o ka Trinity").

Ke alanui i Orthodoxy

Boris Rauschenbach ma ka bapetizo ana i ka 1915 i hoʻopaʻa 'ia i loko o kona makua kāne manaoio - hooponoia. E manaoio no i ia manawa ma kahi o 20% o Russian kēia kanaka Kelemānia.

It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka Reformers, ma ka Akä naÿe i ka Lutherans mai e ike i icons, mai hana i ka hoailona o ke kea. Akā, ma hope o ka manao paa o ka Emperor Alexander I a me Rotehama I, hooponoia a ua ua merged Lutherans i loko o kekahi ekalesia, a hele aku la Boris me kona makuwahine i loko o ka Lutheran ekalesia, eia nae ke kulanakauhale ua i ka hooponoia ekalesia. Eia naʻe, no ka ike ole kumu Rauschenbach i lilo i lâlâ o ka ekalesia hooponoia, akā, e manaʻo mai no ia, i kona kiʻi mālama.

ʻono no ka hoomana Boris V. i manao ai ma hope o ka poʻe hoʻomoana. Hoomaka ae la oia e hele i ka Orthodox ekalesia, i ka pili moʻokalaleo, hoomaka ae la e hahai i nā lawelawe i loko o ka ekalesia, akā, ua bapetizo wale koke ma mua o kona make ana.

Rauschenbach hoʻomanaʻo aʻela i ka holomua lawelawe hanaʻana mai o ko lākou'ōnaehana i ka Launch o ka mea e hiki mai ana spacecraft la mau mai a i ka hoailona o ke kea.

Iloko o ke? Eaia i loko o ka Kremlin ma ka mea o ka Launch o ka spacecraft mua Boris V. i ka mea wale nō kekahi haawi aku i kekahi kanaka i hele mai i ka leo kono i ka poeikohoia o ka Orthodox Church, a, o ka papa, i ole pono i loko o ka hanana log.

Raushenbah Boris Viktorovich, buke a me ka 'atikala i ka poe he ākea, i ole kaʻana like i loko o kā lākou na nenoaiu a hoʻomaopopo i ka honua - haipule a me kaʻepekema. He manaoio aku i ka mea, he hoʻololi kemikala no ia.

I ka 1987, i loko o ka puke pai "Communist" Academician Rauschenbach paʻi ka 'atikala hoolilo ai i ka 1000 lā hoʻomanaʻo o ka bapetizo ana o Rus. Ma ka mea, i ke nä känaka 'epekema kuhikuhi ai i ka nui o keia hanana no ka mea Lūkini moku'āina. August "communists" lumi i koke kuai mai, a hiki ma ka kiosk o ka CPSU.

A mau makahiki ma hope mai i kekahi hana o ka academician - ". Ka kūpili o ka Trinity" I ka 'atikala kena ae la i kekahi naoh, na Keia o a i lohe ai mamao.

Rauschenbach o ka Trinity

Boris Rauschenbach o ka Trinity i kona hoʻokolokoloʻana iho i kana hoike i loko o kona puke "Ka kūpili o ka Trinity." E like me ia, i ka ekalesia ma o kona ao ana i ka pono pololei hooholo kū'ē'ē 'ana i ka mea maka - i ka olelo o ke Akua, a ma ka mea ia manawa like o ka triad a me ka monad.

Ke nä känaka 'epekema helu mai i ka papa mooolelo o na kumu mua o ka Orthodox manaoio oi ana e like me ka hele ana mai o ka creed, no ka mea, ua olelo mai i kela kanaka i loko o ka Trinity - ke Akua. Ke oia ua olelo mai a me ka pule.

Boris Rauschenbach, "ke kūpili o ka Trinity," i mea, he mea kēia e maopopo i ke kūkākūkā Florensky a me E. N. Trubetskogo o ke trinity o ke Akua, e hele mai ana i keia, mai ka oiai o ka 'epekema. It E e kaulana ia i nä känaka 'epekema ma ka Soviet mana i hoihoi i loko o theological kumuhana apau loa, mamua lanakila i loko o kēlā mau makahiki o militant atheism.

He mea hoihoi i loko, ka mea hiki i ka pololei lawe i ka manaʻo o ka creed i haawiia mai e ka Makua Florensky, akā, nakinaki ia i ka kekahi Logical kükohu. Inā keia mea,ʻaʻole e hiki, alaila, i ke kanaka, e manaoio i ke Akua,ʻaʻole i loko o ka na absurdity, aole nae i me kekahi kūpili.

Surprisingly, Rauschenbach loaʻa i ka makemakika kükohu e wehewehe i ka ke kūpili o ka hōʻailona o ka manaoio, kona Trinitarian dogma. Kēia hoohalike hoao ia e ka maʻi lele a me kona eiiiiiaiou ekolu i loko o ka ekolu-dimensional i kahi kūlike o ka'ōnaehana pūnaewele.

Ka pilikia i nā mākau ': ke ao ana o ka Trinity (Trinity) ua pono olelo kūpili. Kēia hanana hiki ke hoohalikeia ai i ka Naita o ka pōkā pahū. O ka holo ana, i ka "kūpili o ka Trinity" Ua pono kīvila kanaka, akā, ka mea, aole e hookomo ana i hoopau ai i ka ike o ke Akua, mai ka o Mānoa, o ka ike o ke Akua i mea mana loa.

A kamaaina o ko lākou aupuni

Raushenbah Boris Viktorovich, buke, 'atikala i i pinepine imbued me ka makeʻe no ka hopena o ko lākou aupuni, a me ka honua, aole hiki ke hooku i ka makaala mea, ke ahaʻia a puni ona. Ka papa ilihune o ka Lūkini kanaka, ilihune, 'epekema, kena ae la ia ia i ka eha, a me ka huhū i loko. He hiki i maopopo i ka nele ana o ke dala, mai ka moku'āina no ka kaʻoihana kālā o ka hoʻonaʻauao 'ana,' epekema, oiai ma ka aina, aia ua kekahi blatant enrichment o ka kekahi waeʻano o kanaka.

Gaidar ka "kŰia Inc" i Boris Viktorovich, ka mea kiekie loa 'oihana' epekema, oe, 'aoʻao hoʻokele waiwai, a lilo iho la ia i kumu hoohalike no ka nele o ka professionalism i loko o ke aupuni o ka alakaʻi. Rauschenbach manaoio i Rusia loaʻa pono ke ala mai o ka impasse, minimally ola no ka poʻe Lūkini.

"Gloomy manaʻo" Rauschenbach

Ma o kona hope 'atikala "Gloomy manaʻo" Boris Rauschenbach Hōʻike' ia ma ka wā e hiki mai ana o na kanaka a pau, hoike ana 'ku ia ia iho,ʻaʻole wale nō me kekahi kamaaina o Rusia, akā, i nā kānaka o ka Honua Honua.

Ke loa inoa o ka 'atikala mai nei e pili ana i keʻano o kēia mau manaʻo. Rauschenbach Ua hoʻokaʻawale i ka manaʻo o ke aupuni a ka lehulehu, mai ka kemokalaka chatter i ka i lanakila ma ke ao nei i keia la. A me ka mea, aole ia i hana i koe no Rusia.

Ka mea kākau ua kokoke mai noonoo ana i ka mea e pau ai ka hewa nui i hana 'ia ma lalo o kemokalaka slogans,ʻaʻole e pinepine maopopo ka kemokalaka windbags ma ka nonsense ka mea, ho i ana i ka pono o ka poʻe mamao wehe' ia mai ka mana.

Ma kona hana, ka academician hāpai 'ia i ka hoʻi i ka mea kahiko kanaka cia, oia,' ohana, kaiāulu. He manaoio i na kuleana o na kanaka e e oi aku ma mua o kā lākou mau mea e pono ai. Rauschenbach manaoio ia, e hoola wale i kēia ala manaʻo kanaka mai ka lukuia'na. Ka mea'ē aʻe ua i haawiia mai. Eia hou, ke nä känaka 'epekema manaoio i la oia e ke aupuni o ka Honua, kona pilikino E pili e e uaua, akā, mahalo' oihana.

No ka mea kenekulia i hala iho nei, e like me Rauschenbach, manaʻo kanaka ua neʻe ana ma ke ku pono ana i kuhikuhi, remaking ia ia iho a me ka ano. A, Eia naʻe, he mau loa mau kanaka i hiki ke wehe kanaka i ka maka i ka hewa o ka hala a me ka makana, ka poe i i ike i ka hopena.

ka hopena

Boris Rauschenbach make March 27, 2001. Kona kupapaʻu i loko o ka Novodevichy ilina.

He make nä känaka 'epekema ma ka lā Theodore Ikona o ka makuahine o ke Akua. Ka hoʻolewa hana i mālama 'ia ma St. Rotehama Kuznetsky luakini. Kēia i ka makemake o ka poʻokela Soviet a me ka Lūkini nä känaka 'epekema.

Ma ia ia, na kanaka i nalowale kekahi o kona geniuses, he kamaaina wau no ka Honua Honua.

I ka waiwai o na makana na nä känaka 'epekema ka i ka' epekema a me ka moʻomeheu o Rusia e olelo aku nei i kona inoa a me ka hoʻolilo 'ia'. Rauschenbach mea heʻeleu lala o ekolu ahahui 'imi naʻauao (Halau o Sciences, ka International Academy o Astronautics a me Space Academy. Tsiolkovsky). He Ua hookoia ka Lenin a me Demidov uku, a me Hero o Socialist na Hana Lima. Kākoʻo Research Council "History o World Culture" RAS.