Brest-Litovsk

Ka hopena o ka Brest maluhia i ke kolu o March 1918. berita o ka i komo, ua like penei: Rusia - kaʻaoʻao mua, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Pulakalia a me Tureke - i ka lua. Ke kanawai o keia maluhia Kuikahi ua pōkole-i noho ai. Ua mau ae la ia i ka apana uuku na oi aku mamua o na malama eiwa.

Ua pau ka hoʻomaka 'ana me nā naʻe mua ma Brest, ma ka poeikohoia o ka Lūkini Bolsheviks o LB Kamenev a me Yoffe AA, a Mstislavsky SD, lm Karahan Ma ka hope minuke ma mua e waiho i kēia kūlanakauhale palena, ka mea i hoʻoholo i ia mea pono i ke komo ana o na kanaka. Oia kila koa poe hana, na luina a me ka mahiai kona lured nui ka hele ana. O na papa, ke manao o keia pae i ka naʻe i ole, noonoo iho la, aʻaʻole hoʻi e lohe.

Iloko o na kūkaʻi'ōleloʻana, ka mea i loaaʻi e ka mea i kaʻaoʻao Kelemānia, ma ka hou ana i ka hōʻailona o ka maluhia, makemake kona hopena ole ia ka hoʻohui'āina, a indemnities, e like me eager e e Rusia i ka pono o ka lāhui kanaka i ka pakiko-e manaʻo ai, no laila, hoʻolalaʻo e kiʻi ma lalo o kona hooponopono Ukraine, a me ka Lūkini Baltic. Ua lilo ahuwale ia Rusia ke lilo aku i Lithuania, Latvia, Poland, a me ka mokuna o ka Caucasus.

I ka hōʻailona o ka Brest maluhia ua wale he pokole truce i loko o ke kaua. Lenin, Trotsky a me Sverdlov, ua nui kou manaʻo i loko o ka hihia ka wā o nā kūlana o kaʻaoʻao Kelemānia ka mea, hana hewa no ka kipi, e like me ka nui o ka Bolsheviks i ole ae me ke kulekele o Vladimir Ulyanov.

Ma Ianuali 1918 ma Brest i paʻa i ka lua o ke kahua o ke kūkā '. Ke'aheʻelele i alai ai e Trotsky me ke alo o ka Poeikohoia o na kanaka. Ka papa kūlana ma keia puni no i ka Ukrainian'aheʻelele, i ke kumu nui koi i makemake hoʻokaʻawale, mai ka Austro-Hunakalia aina o Bukovina a me Galicia. I ka Ia manawa i kaʻaoʻao Ukrainian i makemake e ike i ka Lūkini'aheʻelele. Penei, Rusia ua nalowale ka Ally i loko o Ukraine. No ka Germany, mai kau ma luna o kona mokuna i ka nui helu o aee a me na mea kaua a me koaʻaʻahu aliʻi pōmaikaʻi ai i ka hope makemake. Brest ka maluhia, no ka mea, o ka mea impossibility, e hiki ole lepo, i pau ai i loko o kekahi mea, a ua ole, ua pūlima.

Ke kolu o ka pae ana o ke kūkā ', manawa a ka' elele o ka Lūkini'aheʻelele Trotsky He hoole i ka ike i ka elele o Ukraine.

Ekolu March 1918 Brest maluhia i kakauinoa ia. Kēia 'aelike i ka hopena o ka rejection o Russian Poland, Finland, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, ka Crimea, Ukraine, a me ka Caucasus. I waena o nā mea a pau, disarm i ka'auwaʻa kaua, a ua hoopuka ia ma Germany, i kau makana nui o eono ieeeea gula hoailona, e like me hoʻokahi piliona hoailona no ka piʻi Kelemānia kanaka, ka mea, ua waiho wale aku no i loko o ka papa o ke kipi. Austria-Hungary, a Germany la aee me na mea kaua a me ka ammunition. Brest ka maluhia no hoi auhau ia lakou i ma Lūkini ka hoʻokô 'e haalele i kona poʻe kaua, mai kēia mau panalāʻau e noho. Ua laweʻia lākou wahi ma ka Kelemānia na puali koa. Kula hope 'aelike i ka maluhia kuikahi stipulates ka-yeiiiie? O Kelemania, ma Rusia. Pela, i haawi Kelemānia poe kanaka i ka pono, e hana hana i loko o Rusia, hoʻowahāwahā hele ia i ke kaʻina hana o ka nationalization.

Brest ka maluhia hoihoi hou ia nāʻauhau a me Hawaii, i kukuluia i ka 1904. Aie i ka mea ole-iaia o ka Bolshevik tsarist aie Rusia ma lalo o kēia 'aelike i ua koiia e hoʻopaʻa iā lākou i loko o nā'āina e like me Austria-Hungary, Pulakalia, Tureke a me Kelemania, a hoʻomaka e uku aku i kēia mau aie.

'āina i he hapa o ka aeie Entente, i ole'āpono o ka Brest maluhia, a ma ka waenakonu o Malaki 1918 hai kona 'ole-iaia.

Ma November 1918, Germany kipaku aku i ka maluhia aelike. Mau lā ma hope, i ukali ia e kona ke kāpaeʻana ma ka Central Executive Komite. A liʻuliʻu ma hope, hoomaka ae la e haʻalele i ka mea kahiko Kelemānia poʻe hao wale Lūkini ?? eoi? Ee.