Epicurus 'kālaiʻike o ka mahina "

Epicurus - Mea Hana i o ka ikaika Hellenistic aʻo. He hui kona kumumanaʻo iho me ka oihana mua o nā mea pono, a aʻo o Aristippus Democritus e pili ana i nā'ātoma a? Ac? Lākou mau manaʻo (keʻole paha ia contemptuously pili ia i ka precursor).

Athenian ma ka hanau ana, e nui aʻe ai ma luna o ka mokupuni o Samo. Mai ka manawa'ōpio wale nō ka mea, ua leʻaleʻa o ka kālaiʻike, i kona makahiki 32, i hana mai i kona kula iho o ka kālaiʻike, mua ma o.Lesbos ma Metelene. Mai ka makahiki 306 BC Epicurus neʻe ia Atenai, e kūʻai mahinaʻai a me ka mea founds ke kula, a laila ka mea, ua kapaʻia ka "Garden", me na haumana a me ka ukali o Epicurus - ". Poe akeakamai o ka mahina" hoʻokani Epicurus a me kona kula kūlana nui i loko o ka ulu ana o ke akeakamai. Kauia me ke kaiāulu no e like-manao kula oiai kona ola ana, a me ia mau ae la ia ma kahi o 600 makahiki, au i ike i ka hakaka a me ka discord. Na haumana i hoolilo ai i kona kumu, o ka mua no ia i kumu hoʻohālike o ka hana, a ua like me ka rula i kukuluia e ia, "E hana like ina e nana aku i Epicurus." Ke akeakamai a Epicurus - mea hiki a me ka materialistic. He hōʻole fatalism (predestined hoʻopaʻi), e waiho ana i ke kanaka noa makemake a me ka maikai loa, a lakou i ike i nā akua. "Ke ao nei a Democritus, kahi a pau ua hoʻoholo ma mua, a me ka eehia joyless, a hikiʻoi aku ka po" - Epicurus ua kūkākūkāʻia. Kaha puana'ī mai "chetveroyakogo ai '", no ka walaʻauʻana aʻo o Epicurus:

- "Akua mai,ʻaʻole e makau";

- "E ole e make makau, hoi, no ka mea," A hiki mākou i, ka make mea ole hou, a me ka wā e mea, laila mākou i hou "";

- "He mea maikai oluolu e hoʻokō";

- "me ka hewa, he mama i ka hana."

Epicurus e hoole ana i ka make ole o ka uhane, akā, ma kaʻuhane iho. E like me ia i ka uhane - keia mea he kūikawā 'ole o nā'ātoma, liʻiliʻi, akā, loa maoli ka waiwai e permeates i ka mea kino. Ma kana mea i ao ai Epicurus 'aʻole i AIM e ike i ka oiaio. Kona kumu - e hoolaulea ke kanaka me ke ola, e pohaku uinihepa, o ka eha, a aʻo i kaʻae ia me ka olioli. "O ka hana ana o ka poe akeakamai mea kokoke i ke kūlana o ke kauka," - wahi a Epicurus. - .. "kēia akeakamai mea e kōkua i kekahi kanaka pakele o ka hoʻokali kūpono 'makemake i mea, e loaa ana mai ka agonizing makaʻu, aʻo eʻai affordable, e noho wale, a peacefully He makemake i pau ole unsatisfied makemake i loaa Eesli kaupalena i ka makemake e hōʻike i ke akamai a me ka akahele, alaila, na kumu no. hoomanawanui, e e emi. "

Kēia akeakamai o Epicurus kekahi 'mea like me Hoʻomana Buda, a me kona manaʻo o ka Middle Way (me ka imi nui ka olioli, oe e ole e nui ehaeha). wale i ka wa e kaawale aku o physical ehaeha, ka maluhia o ka manao, pono i ka mehana o ka pili aloha ma ke kanaka e e hauʻoli.

I ka palapala ma ka puka heluhelu ma keia kula; "House, maanei oe e e maikai. Ke kiekie loa i ka pono o - leʻaleʻa ". Akā,ʻaʻole physical, ke kino lealea e ku pono, ka mea, ma ka mea ku ole, ua hoahewa, like no ia, oe e mau uku. Kiekie akamai makemake, ka maluhia o ka manao, lokahi me oneself, a me ke ao, me ka olioli o ka pü me ka hoa, a me ka hapanui importantly leʻaleʻa - ia mea ola ia. "Ua haawiia mai Life i loko o ka waiʻona ma, a ua hiki ole ia lakou e hewa," - wahi a Epicurus. Akeakamai, hanaʻia e ia, mea lealea, i ka manaʻo o nā haumāna nui ma hope o ka makaukau. Me ka mahalo i ka moku'āina a me ke kaiāulu poe akeakamai hahai ma hope o ka'ākilikai, kaʻawale heluia, e, e manaoio ana i ke kanaka pono , e noho ma ka malū. I kona kula, lawe ae la oia a me na wahine, a hiki kauwa. i hana i kekahi mea e like kēia i loko o ka philosophical kula 'ē aʻe. Hou i ke ala hou ana o ka waiwai o ke kanaka ola ma luna o ka honua a me ka hoaponoia o physical kanaka e pono ai (i kēia mau manaʻo ma hope aponoia ma ka poe akeakamai, humanists au hou).

Ma mua o ka mea e komo ai i ke kula i ka huewai piha i ka wai, a pulehu iho la i paʻi like me ka hōʻailona o ka muli o kona kulana he iki i kekahi kanaka maoli e pono ai. Community lala noho, nonoi, a me ka frills. Ka mea, i ole hui waiwai, ka mea hiki i māhele a me mistrust, i? Aaei e Epicurus. Ke akeakamai a Epicurus, hakuloli ma Roma a me Farani, ua mahalo ka nānaina. Epicureanism i kekahi markedly mai na aʻo o Epicurus, a kokoke ia ma Mānoa, e aho, e hedonism.