He aha ka sociology, kona mōʻaukala, a malalo o ka mahele

Hoʻoholo 'ana i kekahi' epekema - sociology, a me keia mea i koe - ia i hoʻomaka me ka wehewehena o ka kī kahua rula, kānāwai, a me nā waeʻano methodologies. Mai ka inoa wale - "kaiapili" (hui, kaiaulu) a me "logos" ( 'epekema, ka ike) - mākou ke manao nei makou sociology - ka' epekema o ke kaiāulu. Akā, pehea e hookaawale ia mai nā nohona sciences, no kekahi laʻana, kālai'āina 'epekema, ka nohonaʻike manaʻo, a me na mea e ae? Aha, ma ka oiaio, ka sociology? Ka wehewehena o keia 'epekema ua haawi mai ai, mawaena o na mea e ae, ma ka Vebsterovskom puke wehewehe'ōlelo: "Sociology - ka' epekema o ka mōʻaukala o? Acaeoey, i nā kānāwai a me ka hui like ola pilikia ana o kanaka me ke kaiāulu huahelu, ko ka kekahi pōʻai pūʻulu a me nā kaiaulu o."

Akā, ma mua, ua hiki ke pane i ka nīnau, i mea sociology, ua pono ike maopopo iho la i ka mea o ka nohona pūʻulu a me ke kaiāulu? I kekahi pūʻulu o kanaka o ia o? Social pūʻulu kanaka e wale no ka 'ona i loko o keia pae no o ka Hawaiʻi nei hale lio ano laulea. Ole a pau, situational, e like me ohua ma luna o ka moku 'ole i loko o ka hale kiʻiʻoniʻoni pepeiao, oia hoi mea hānai. Social hui, pela no oe e kapa aku i ka ohana, hoʻonaʻauao a me ka hana like. Akā, i hiki ke kapaʻia he kaiāulu a me na kanaka, ka poe ana i kekahi i kekahi, e ole e ninau i na - makahiki pūʻulu, kaiapili strata a me ka papa, ka lāhui i nā pūʻulu, kahuna nā kaiāulu, ma ka hopena, ka moku'āina, a me ka lāhui kanaka.

Ka wehewehena o ka mea sociology, me ka pili ana i kēia mau kaiaulu a me nā pūʻulu hiki ke wehewehe aku penei: ka 'epekema këia i nā kānāwai o ke kahua o kēia mau pūʻulu, kā lākou functioning i loko o ka hale o ka moku'āinaʻano papa hana, a me ka pilina ma waena o lākou. 'O kēia ke kumuhana o ka sociology. O ka holo ana, Aristotle i kapaia o ke kanaka "zoon politikon" - 'o ia hoʻi, "nohona holoholona", akā, sociology like me ka' epekema ka 'ano opiopio. Ua Ua hanau wale nō i loko o ka XIX kenekulia, ma hope mai o ia ", milo lākou i" na mau mea, lilo iho la i kūʻokoʻa 'epekema kaiapili A.

Ka mea mua e hoʻolauna i loko o 'epekema i ka manawa "sociology" ua Ogyust Kont i ka 1842. Ma kona puke "Course o Noke akeakamai," ka mea wehewehe, i mea sociology, a ua ho'ākāka' ia ma kēia 'epekema. I ke kākoʻo iā ia, no ka loina o ka "kumupaʻa a me ka holomua", Comte hoohiolo, ma luna o ke kaiāulu kanaka, physical manaÿo o ke kaulike a me ka symmetry o nā mea a pau mall oihana mua o ke kaiāulu. Penei, sociology, e like me Comte, o ka ike ana o ke kuikahi like kekahi ano o ka mall kino i loko i kela a me keia "lātoma" hiki ke aʻo mai i ka oiai ua ike o ka lehulehu i ka maikai, a me ka sociology iho hiki ke ike me ka lawelawe statics a me ka pilinaʻano. He manaʻo e makaikai i ka nohona keʻano o ka hanaʻana e hahai ana i ke kumu hoohalike o ke sciences maoli. No laila, ua kapaʻia nō hoʻi i ke ano o Comte kaiapili ke kālaikūlohea.

Nui na makana i ka wehewehena o ka mea sociology, Marx i. Ma hope o ke kālailai Contemporary ke kaiāulu kanaka, "ʻOiʻenehana" manawa, Marx nui i ka maikaʻi loa, a aole nae i hōʻoleʻia kāna i ke ao ana o ke kaiapili-oicyenoaaiiie me ka ho okumu. ʻo ka manaʻo nui "EYI kāʻei" ma ke kaʻina neʻe the hui, la oia i ka mea a me ka hoʻokele waiwai e pili ana. Ka makaʻu o Marx o ka mea ia ia Ho'ākāka 'ke kaiāulu kanaka, me he dynamically ulu' ole, i mea no ka huina hoonui o ka mōʻaukala? Acaeoey.

Epekema pono ai ka noho Veber a Emil Dyurkgeym? Ac? Lākou mau sociological kumumanaʻo i hana i ke kumu o ke kumuhana o ka sociology. He aha ke ano o ka motifs e hui pu ihoʻokoʻa i loko o nā mea hiki a me ka nui o ka? Acaeoey ana o na kanaka ma ka ia pōʻai pūʻulu - ka mea noi i ka nīnau. Weber - mea, e hoʻokō i ko lakou mau kanaka pahu hopu ma like ana o ka holoʻokoʻa pae ana o kanaka. Durkheim pane i keia ninau okoa: e hana i kekahi alanui, he kanakaʻo ia i ka "hoɃoponopono i ike paka", oa rula a me na keiki hookama ma o ka hui, he hui, he aina e a ke kanaka i like ai.