He aha nō i ka hopena o ka haneri makahiki Kaua (1337-1453)? Haneri na makahiki o War: na kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ka waiwai

He aha hiki eʻoi aku ma mua o ke kaua, i ka wa a na pono o na nā loea kālai'āina, a me ka mana o ka haneri o nā tausani o ka poʻe e make ka mea, ua. A me ka nui weliweli protracted koa oukou paio ana, oiai i aʻo kanaka e noho ana ma ka hoʻolilo 'ia kahi e loaa ka make ia i kekahi manawa, a me kanaka olaʻaʻohe nui. Oia ua i ka haneri makahiki o War, kumu, kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao, a me ka hopena biographies o nā mea hana keaka i pono akahele noonoo.

kumu

Mamua o këia, mea e noho ana i ka hopena o ka haneri makahiki War, e ike kona akea maikai. Ua pau ka hoʻomaka 'ana me ka mea i haʻalele i nā keiki kāne a ka Farani King Philip ke Eha ma ke kua o ke kane hooilina. I ka Ia manawa, ua ola ia i ke kanaka maoli moopuna o ka mō'ī i ka kaikamahine Isabella - English Korol Eduard ke kolu, a hiki i ka noho aliʻi oʻEnelani i ka 1328 i ka makahiki o ka 16 makahiki. Eia naʻe,ʻo ia hiki ole koi ae i ka noho aliʻi o Farani, e like me ka Salic kanawai. Pela, ma Farani noho aliʻi ʻana o Valois i loko o ke kino o Pilipo no Eono, oia no ke keiki o Pilipo i ka Apana, a me Edward ka Apana i ka 1331 i puʻe wale akula kēlā, e lawe mai ia ia hoʻomana no Gascony - Palani māhele, noʻonoʻo ka pilikino waiwai o nā mō'ī Beritania.

Ka hoʻomaka o ke kahua mua o ke kaua (1337-1360)

6 makahiki ma hope o nā hanana i wehewehe Edward ka Apana manao e nō e kaua aku no ka noho aliʻi o kona kupuna kāne, a hoouna aku la i ke kū'ē'ē 'ana i ia Philip Eono. Pela i hoomaka ai ka haneri makahiki War, kumu a me ka hopena o ka a mea o ka nui hoihoi i ka poe i noiʻi i ka mōʻaukala oʻEulopa. ka hoakaka o ke kaua ma hope, i ka Pelekāne, a hemo ka kūpono 'i loko o ka Picardy, ma a lakou i kākoʻo i nā kanaka o Falanadera a me feudal hema-komohana counties o Farani.

I ka makahiki mua ma hope o ka hoʻomaka o ka puali kaua, hele i ke kaua me ka loli iki ana i ka pomaikai, a ma ka 1340 uaʻaʻole heʻoihana moku kaua i loko o Sluis. E like me ka hopena o ka lanakila o ka English Channel ua ma lalo o kā lākou mau malama, a ua noho ai a hiki i ka hopena o ke kaua. Penei, ma ke kauwela o 1346, ka mea e hiki ke pale aku i ka poʻe hao wale o Edward ke kolu a hiki i kela kapa o ka pololei a me ka paʻa Caen. Mai laila, i ukali ia e Crécy, kahi o ka poe koa Pelekāne ma August 26, i ke kaua kaulana, a pau i loko o ka lanakila, a ma ka 1347 ka mea hoʻopio i ke kūlanakauhale a me ka Calais. Ma ia laua me kēia mau hanana i wehewehe ana ka oihana hana i loko o Kekokia. Eia naʻe, ka pomaikai hoʻomau e maliu oluolu i Edward ke kolu, nāna i pepehi iā i ka poe kaua o ke aupuni i loko o ke kaua o Neville ka kea, a eliminated i ka make māinoino o ke kaua ma luna o nā fronts.

Ke pandemic o ke ahulau, a me ka hopena o ka maluhia ma Bretigny

I 1346-1351 makahiki o Europe kipa "Black Make." Kēia pandemic maʻi koi i ke ola o ka ai na mea he nui, aole i ninau no ka mau nō lā hoʻi o hostilities ke ia. Ka wale Kahiāuli Ho'ā o kēia wā, mele Mele, lilo bout kanakolu, ka wā English a me Palani naita me squires o ke kahua i ka nui Reuʻela,ʻo ia, overseen ma kekahi mau haneri mahiʻai. Ma hope iho o ka pau ana o ke ahulauʻEnelani laila, kona koa hana, i meaʻano nui kuhikuhi Black Prince - ka makahiapo a Edward III. I ka 1356, lanakila 'o ia ia i ke kaua o Poitiers , a hoopio i ka Palani King John II. Hope, i ka 1360, ka Dauphin o Farani, ka mea ua e lilo King Charles ka Elima, kakauinoa i ka ai-kapaia He aloha i loko o Bretigny i loa lakou malaila aku ana.

Ke'ī mai, i ka hopena o ka haneri makahiki Kaua ma kona kahua mua, ua like penei:

• France Ua loa demoralized;
• Enelani loaa ka hapalua o Brittany, Aquitaine, Poitiers, Calais, a ua aneane hapalua o ka pio e noho ai o ka enemi, 'o ia hoʻi, John II lilo ka mana maluna o ka hapakolu o kona mau mokuna;
• Eduard kolu o ka Ho'āʻo ma luna o kona mau 'aoʻao, a ma ka aoao o ko lākou mau pua i hou kau kuleana i ka noho aliʻi o kona kupuna kāne;
• ka lua o ke keiki a John II - Lyudovik Anzhuysky - Ua hoouna ia London like me ka mea pani aku ai i uku no ka mea hoʻi a hiki i Farani, o kona makua kāne.

Ka maluhia ma waena o nā makahiki 1360 a hiki i 1369

Ma hope iho o ka cessation o hostilities, nā lāhui kanaka o nā'āina komo i loko o ka hakakā, loaa ae nei i ka wanaao ae i he 9 makahiki. Iloko o keia manawa, a laila holo akula ia maiʻEnelani Lyudovik Anzhuysky, a me kona makua kāne, i ka naita, pololei ana i kana olelo, hele aku la i loko o ka naau mai ka noho pio ana, kahi i make ai. Ma hope o kona make ana, a pii aku i ka noho alii o Farani, Charles V, ka mea i loko o 1369 wahahee, ua hoopiiia oia i ka haole o ka maluhia berita 'aʻe, a laila, koa ana e ku e ia lakou.

lua o ka wāwae

IeAUPIIe, IAa IO, ka poʻe i hoʻopaʻa haʻawina o ka holomua a me ka hopena o ka haneri makahiki 'War, ua wehewehe aku ma ka manawa wā mawaena ma waena o 1369 a me ka 1396 makahiki, e like me ka moʻo o ka ikaika kaua, a ma ka hou ana i ka papa kuhikuhi aku i komo i kekahi komo i loko o ke aupuni o Castile, Portugal a me Kekokia. I loko o kēia wā, he mau ka hahai nui hanana:

• i ka 1370 ma Castile me ke kōkua o ke Farani i hele mai i ka mana, Enrique II, ka mea i lilo i ko lakou malama pono Ally;
• mau makahiki ma hope,ʻo ia i hookuu ia i loko o Poitiers;
• ma 1372 ma ka kaua o La Rochelle, ka Franco-Castilian'auwaʻa i luku mai ai ka mea hoʻi i hoʻohui Beritania squadron;
• 4 makahiki make Black Prince;
• i ka 1377 Edward make i ke kolu, a ma luna o ka noho aliʻi oʻEnelani, Richard ka nīnūnē lua;
• mai ka 1392 ma ke alii o Farani, na hoailona o ka uhauha, hoomaka ae la e e malama;
• Heʻehā makahiki ma hope, ua manao ka armistice, kena ae la ma frazzled mau hoa paio.

Truce (1396-1415)

A hiki i ka uhauha, a King Charles no Eono ua maopopo i ka mea a pau i loko o ke aupuni, hoomaka ae la internecine me ka hakaka, i a ka aoao lanakila Armagnac. Ke kahua uaʻAʻole maikaʻi i loko oʻEnelani, komo i loko o ke kaua hou me Kekokia, a i manao e hoona oia i ke kipi ana o Ireland a me Wales. Eia hou, he hana hewa Richard II, Henry IV, a noho aliʻi ihola ia ma luna o ka noho aliʻi, a laila, i kāna keiki. Pela, i ka 1415, nā aina ua hiki ke hoʻomau i ke kaua, a ua i loko o ka moku'āina o kaua truce.

Ke kolu o ka pae (1415-1428)

O ka poe e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina o ka papa a me ka hopena o ka haneri makahiki War, ia mea i hookuu i ka loa hoihoi 'kekahi hanana i kapaʻia ai ka muli o ia i ka mōʻaukala kŰia me he koa wahine i hiki ke lilo i ke poo o ka poe kaua o feudal naita. Mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i Joan o ka piʻo, ka mea i hānau i loko o 1412, ma ke kahua o ke kanaka me ke 'ole nui ma Aey? Acaeoey i loko o ka 1415-1428 makahiki. Historical 'epekema E hoomanao i keia manawa, i ke kolu o ke kahua o ka haneri makahiki o War, a like me nā kī o ka Naauao ke kēia mau hanana:

• Kaua o Agincourt i ka 1415, a ua lanakila ka Henry ka Elima;
• hōʻailona o ka aelike i loko o Troyes, e like me a ka hehena Korol Karl VI hai i kona hope i ke aliʻi oʻEnelani;
• Pelekāne ka hopu ana o Paris i ka 1421;
• i ka make ana o Henry i ka Elima, a me ka Olelo Hoolaha ana o kona makahiki-kahiko ke keiki a ke aliʻi o 'Enelani a me Farani;
• i luku mai ai mamua Dauphin Charles, a he nui hapa o ka Farani noʻonoʻo ke ka maʻamau ke aliʻi, i loko o ke kaua o ka cravant;
• English hoʻopuniʻana o Orleans, a hoomaka ae la i ka 1428, i i ke ao nei i lohe ai i ka inoa o Joan o piʻo mua.

I ka pau ana o ke kaua (1428-1453)

City o Orleans, he nui loa KUMUMANAʻO NUI nui. Inā ka Pelekāne, e hoʻokele i ka hoʻopio ia, i ka pane i ka nīnau "aha i ka hopena o ka haneri makahiki 'War" ina ua poino mau loa okoa, a me ka Palani ke hiki lilo kona kuokoa. Mea pōmaikaʻi no ke aupuni, ka mea i hōʻike i ke kaikamahine, e kahea ana ia ia iho Jeanne Virgin. Ua hiki i ka Dauphin Charles ma March 1429, a hai mai la i ka mea a Iēhova i kauoha mai ai ia ia, e ku ma ke poo o ka Farani poʻe hao wale, a me ka hookiekie ae i ka pua o Orleans. Ma hope o ka moʻo o ka ninaninau 'ana a me nā ho'āʻo ma Karl i manaoio ia ia, a hoonoho luna o kona poʻe kaua. E like me ka hopena, ma ka May 8 Orleans i hoopakele ia, Iune 18, i ka poe koa e pepehi i ka poe kaua o Joan ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia ma ke kaua o Pathé, a ma June 29, ma ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi o ka wahine puʻupaʻa o Orleans, i lilo ai "koko ole kai eʻe" dauphin i Reims. Aia, ka mea i kau like Charles ka hiku, akā, ma hope koke pani, e hoʻolohe i ka'ōlelo aʻo o ke koa.

Mau makahiki ma hope, ua pio Jeanne ma ka Burgundians, ka poe i hala aku i ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia kaikamahine, a me ka poe o kona i ma luna o' āhewa 'ana o ka hoʻopiʻopiʻo a me ka hoomana kii. Naʻe, i ka hopena o ke Kaua i nā haneri makahiki 'Ua Ua he foregone ka hopena, a hiki i ka make ana o ka wahine puʻupaʻa o Orleans hiki ole ole i ka liberation o Farani. Hope i ke kaua i loko o kēia kaua i ke kaua o Castillon i ka 1453, ka wā o ka Beritania lilo Gascony no ia ia oi ma mua o 250 makahiki.

Ka hopena o ka War ka haneri makahiki '(1337-1453)

E like me ka hopena o ka protracted koa kaua mezhdinasticheskogo Enelani lilo a pau kona Hawaiian panalāʻau e noho ana ma Farani, haalele wale i ke awa o Calais. Eia hou kekahi, ma muli o ka ninau e pili ana i nā mea o ka hope o ka haneri makahiki 'War, i loko o ka mahinaʻai o ke koa moolelo mau loea, pane mai anei oe i loko o kona hopena, radically hoʻololi i nā kiʻina hana o ke kaua, e like me nā mea kaua hou i hanaiaʻi o laua.

Ka hopena o ka haneri makahiki 'War

Keia o ka puali kaua hoʻoholo i ka pilina o Pelekāne a me Farani i loko o ke kenekulia mamua. Ma kekahi, i ka 1801 i ka Beritania, a laila, i ka mō'ī o Pelekāne Nui i hali i ka inoa o nā aliʻi o Farani, i loko o ole ala ka pilina i ka paa ana i ka pili aloha.

Ano, e ike i ka wa i na haneri makahiki War, kumu, i ka holo ana, a me ka hope o ka manaʻo, akä, protagonists nona kaʻaneʻane 6 kenekulia i ke kumuhana o na mea he nui moʻolelo.