Hexameter - He aha ka keia? Hexameter poetry ma Russian

Ke Kumu Holoholomoku hiki ke kapaia he okoa 'epekema, a i kona mau kānāwai a me na rula, hoʻomohala ma luna o nā tausani o nā makahiki o ke ola o ka poetry. Ma kēia 'atikala e kamaʻilio pū mākou e pili ana i kekahi o ka loa kahiko poetic Ana - hexameter.

He aha ka ke hexameter i loko o ka moʻokalaleo?

Hexameters kapa i ke kahiko ano o ka pauku, ikeia mai kahiko. He He 6-hooki dactylic mika me ka caesura ma hope o ka 7th syllable, a hoopokole ole i ka hopena o kekahi syllable. Hexameter ua ka loa, he pono ole mika i loko o kahiko poetry, ka mea, o ka mea i kākau "Ka Odyssey" a me "Iliad." Ua Ua nolaila, kapaʻia nō hoʻi i ka hexameter moʻolelo a me ka'ōlohe wiwo kumu holoholomoku.

moʻolelo

Hexameter - he metric pauku i hele mai e pili ana i loko o ka 8th kenekulia BC. e ka. i kahiko Greece. ʻepekema mai aole i hiki maopopo ike pehea ua i kēia nui. Aia ka speculation e pili ana i ke ano o ka hexameter aie. E like me ke kaulana manaoio, keia mika ua kaua kipi ma lalo o ka aoao o ka Heta, a me Hurrian poem. Initially, ua i palapala ia poem haku ma ka hexameter kānāwai, akā, maalo ae ma ka olelo o ka waha.

E like me ka pili kūpono loa, i kēia palapala o ka pauku, i hanaia e ka mea kahiko o Helene akua Apollo, a ua haawi mai ia i ke akua honua kaikamahine Phemonoe, Delphic Pythia. Ia mea i kahaha ko oukou naau i ka mea mua hexameter hoʻohana wale i loko o ka kapu ho'āʻo ma, no ka mea hoike ma ka makaukau ana o ka olelo hoomaikai, hoola, a me ka hoʻomana Himeni. Pinepine, i hoʻopuka mau Verses i ka hele pū o ka mea kani.

Nui ma hope hexameter hui i ka'ōlohe wiwo poetry a me nā ano o ka pauku. A me kona mau mua palapala hāpana lilo kaulana hana o Homer - "Odyssey" a me ka "Iliad", i ka palapala o ka i nā lā hoʻi i puni 9-8 kenekulia BC. e ka. Ma kēia mau hāʻina o nā haʻawina hexameter akaka i loko o kona Classic ano. Nolaila,ʻepekema i ole ala e kumumea i ke kahua o keia palapala o poetry, ka mea mua i kākau kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka hana o ka mika loa a me ke kino.

Like no ka Roman poetry, ma laila hexameter i mua hoʻolauna Quintus Enniem. I mau, ma kona loa ano, keia pauku palapala hoʻomākaukau i ka 'ōlelo a pau e like me he Roma, a kahiko Greek, kahi vowels me longitude i phonological waiwai. I ka lā, 'aʻole hoʻohana' ia kēia dala i loko o kona Classic palapala, ia wale mamuli a recreate artificially.

Hexameter: examples o poem a me kā lākou 'ole

'ōlohe wiwo kahiko hexameter mea he 6-, WAINIHA ST pauku me nāʻokoʻa hooki iie. Ikaika wahi kapa arsis, ka mea hiki wale nō ia i ka lōʻihi syllable. Ka nawaliwali wahi o ka ia hoʻi ua kapaʻia - mea hiki e nā loa a me ka pōkole syllable. I ka papa kuhikuhiE mea ua i ka mahalo i ka rula o ka laupaʻi, i mea like me ke quantify. Ma keia hihia, i ka hope syllable hiki e kekahi kanaka a me ka mea i hoailona no ka pau ana o ka poem. Ka hoʻokukeʻana hexameter like penei: _UU | _UU | _UU | _UU | _UU | _X

Ua haawiia i kela a me keia holo ana, hiki ke auou caiaiai spondee, ua hiki ke manao nei makou, he 32 hiki wale i ka hoʻomaopopo like me ke kumu holoholomoku. Classic 17-eiiieaena, e hookani ai: Quādrupedānte putrēm sonitū quatit ūngula cāmpūm ...

Mākou i e haawi examples ma ka Roma 'ōlelo, no ka mea, ka mea Lūkini' ōlelo wale 'aʻole i ka mea hiki ke kākau poetry Classic hexameter no ka mea, o ka nele o ka loa a me ka pōkole vowels.

caesura

No laila, inā e mau loa hana i loko o ka mana hana, e haule i ka "wehewehe i nā hua'ōlelo" hexameter "a me ka" caesura "," pehea e pane i ka hapa mua o ka mea - oe i ike, akā, i ka mea e pili ana i ka lua?

Caesura kapaia huina (ke ano o ke kakali) a monotonously hai hou ma ka poem. hiki ke loaa ma hope o ke kaawale ana o ko lākou caesura, i kapaia hemistichs Part o ka a.

Ke kūlana o kēia mō'ī, hexameter nui no a hiki i ka symmetry o rhythmic nui. A, no ka laʻana, syllabic caesura pāʻani ole kūlana nui i no ka pokole o ka pauku. I ka nui o ka metric (recitative, me ka paa uku) e kakali ua pono, no ka mea, me ia mea, aole e hiki ke hopu i ka pepeiao monoritmicheskuyu lōʻihi kui.

Aka hoi, mua'ōlelo ai me ka mō'ī, hexameter. Ano he kumu hoʻohālike Verses sacral type i ka wahi. A hope, a me ka hooulu ana o kēiaʻike hoʻokumu, poetic nenoaiu loli Hawaiʻi. Hoopau ai i ke maopopo ka manaʻo nui o ka caesura hiki wale lawe ana i ka palapala 'ōlelo' ana o ka hana kahiko i palapala.

Penei, hexameter - ke kumu holoholomoku keia nui, oia hoi o successively hooponopono'āpana ternary, ka mua a me ka hope o ka a i waeʻia e mō'ī. IeAUPIIe, IAa IO, pauku e like huahana ua maheleia i 2-3 apana nahaha.

no ke aha la hoʻohana

E like me oe i ike, poetic Ana i kā lākou semantic hiʻona, ma e like me ka mea e kani ai pili. Hexameter - mea mua a me ka poʻokela i kahi mea paahana nui no kiʻi i hanaia a me kona hou anoe.

Hoao ana i ka haku mele, alternating mō'ī, ke loaʻa iā loa kiʻekiʻe ma ka hua'ōlelo o ka nānā ai noʻeau hopena. A hiki loa aku, ua hookoia hiki ke hoʻokāʻoi 'ia e ke kūapoʻana i ka mau paukū spondee.

E like me ka hopena, he Classic nui hoʻohana e wehewehe i ka olelo hana i ua kokololio ma ka ano. A spondee hookomoia ka wā ua i ka nele i kaʻahaʻaina a ka meheu o manaʻo nui.

Hexameter ma tonic

Eia naʻe, eia nā 'ōlelo a pau i loko o i vowel lōʻihi mea he phonological waiwai, e like me Kelemānia, Lūkini, a no laila, ma luna o. Ma ia mau' ōlelo hexameter i ua recreated artificially ka mea, e hoolilo aku i ka nui o ka Roma Classics, a kahiko Greek hana.

Oiaʻimi hoʻopunipuni hexameter nō kāu he poem 6-hawewe consonants a me ka 2, a me kekahi manawa hoʻokahi, unstressed. Ke'ī mai, ma o ka'ōnaehana o syllabic-tonic prosody ka mea, nana e like dactyl 6-ana, i hiki ke auou caiaiai Hui. No hoi, ua kapaʻia kēia noaia 6-holo ana dactylo-trochaic dol'nik. Caesura ma keia hihia i koe i loko o ka waena stanza.

Lūkini hexameter

I haiia ae maluna,, i ka nui o ka artificially recreated i loko o ka 'ōlelo Lūkini. He He 18 mahele, ka mua kahiko - 24 kaʻana like 'ana.

Hexameter ma Russian 'ōlelo hahai i ka rula o ka maʻamau trisyllabic nui like' ole, me ka 'aloʻahia syllables hiki ke auou caiaiai me unstressed, a me ka hope versa. I hookuu ia mai na kēia noaia:

_UU | _UU | _UU || _UU | _UU | _U, kahi || - he inoa caesura.

He ua ka mea mua i loko o Lūkini prosody pepa paia lobes hexameter. Poem i kākauʻia e kēia noaia, muaʻikeʻia i loko o ka "grammar" M. Smotritsky i ka 1619. Naʻe, ka mea, ua nō wale nō outline, like loa me ka pōkole syllables i hoonoho ia ana, a superficially me kekahi pauku, mai ka alternation o dactyls spondee. Ka mua ua i laʻana o ka mea hānai hexameter ua noʻonoʻo i ka hana o ka Swede Johan Gabriel Sparwenfeld, i kākau 'ia ma 1704.

Trediakovskii

Naʻe, wale ka mua i aponoia Trediakovskii uku no ka hexameter - trinadtsatislozhnik. Kēia manaʻo a hoike aku la i loko o kona puke "He hou a me ka concise ala i ka hou o Lūkini poetry". Ka mua examples o ka hou nui o ka haku mele i haawiia mai i loko o ka puke "Argenida": "First Phoebus, e olelo aku i ka poe i moe kolohe me Venusa Mars / hiki ke ike: keia ke Akua ke ike i na mea a pau i ka hana, i ka mua ...".

Hexameter, examples no i hiki ke loaʻa i loko o nā hana Trediakovsky, i kēiaʻano o ka lilo i Classic o Lūkini moʻokalaleo.

Akā, hana ma ka nui i ole ana, ka mea, wahi a Lomonosov. He i ole hoʻololi i kekahi mea, akā, e haawi mai i kaʻimi naʻauao hoaponoia no ka Trediakovsky. Me ka nui loa, a ua ua kokua mau ana Lomonosov, ma ka hana, a ma luna o ka syllabic-tonic'ōnaehana, a lilo iho la ia i ke kumu o Lūkini poetry

Homer unuhi '

Hexameter - keia mea i ka loa hanohano'ōnaehana i loko o ka Lūkini poetry. Na wale maoli nui, a me ka hoohalike nui no ka mea, o ka unuhi ana i ka Homeric poem, a i Gnedich H. a me V. Zhukovsky.

Iki ka paʻakikī i ma ka unuhi ana i ka "Iliad" hana Gnedich - 2 manawa, wehewehe mai la oia i ka hāpana o Greek Classics Ka Ana Aina, a me ka ke kumu holoholomoku 1 hou. Ka hope ho'āʻo (1787) o ka mea nui, like no ka mea, no laila mākou i ka malama nui hana, e hoʻololi i ka hexameter, a hakuloli ia i ka Lūkini 'ōlelo. 'Oiai, initially ia i ho'āʻo i ka unuhi i ka alexandrine, mea i lilo 6 makahiki, akā, i loaa ole i ka hopena, i luku aku ai i kona mau palapala, a hoomaka ae la e hou' ano hoʻohana wale i ka hexameter.

Mahalo i ka mea ana Gnedich e hoʻokele i ka hana i ka pono unuhi o Homer, a ua manaoia unsurpassed a hiki i kēia lā. Eia ka he excerpt mai ia: "ka hua'ōlelo make, noho iho la Festorid; a mai ka poʻe kaua o ke kukulu / ikaika meʻe, i lōʻihi, e kuʻu haku ke aliʻi Agamemnon ... ". Kākau hexameter i loko o ka palapala, "Iliad" ma keia aoao, ua recreated ma ka ia pāpana ma Russian.

Hard e manaʻo, akā, i ka mua unuhi examples i ua halawai negatively e heluhelu a me ka wae Gnedich i, e hoomalu aku poetic Ana.

19th kenekulia

E hana ma ka unuhi o Homer hoomauia Zhukovsky, ka Lūkini mea heluhelu i hoʻolaunaʻia ma "Odyssey." He hoi nona i ka ka hoʻololiʻana nui o "Kaua o nāʻiole a me nā rana," i mea hoi no ka poetic kumu ua i ka hexameter. 'O kekahi hana: "kukakuka iho, e hai mai iaʻu e pili ana i ka lahui inā pilikia ka haumāna kane i / apuni me ka lōʻihi lā, me he Ilion hemolele luku ia ..." ( "Odyssey"); "E hoolohe mai, au e hai aku ia oe, hoa, e pili ana i nāʻiole a me nā rana / ka helu ana o ka moe, a me ka mele ua he moʻolelo oiaio, e hai mai mākou ;. akā, i kēia ... "(" Kaua ").

Aia Ua hoi he hexameter lolouila Pushkin, Lermontov, Fet, a he nui nā haku mele o ka 19th kenekulia. Eia naʻe, i loko o ka uku hoopanee ka mea, i nā subsides. Ma ka 20th kenekulia, keia pauku nui, pohala ma na hana o Viacheslav. Iwanowa, Balmont, Shengeli Nabokov.