HIV:ʻike, a me ka lapaʻau, Kāohi

lilo immunodeficiency maʻi pale no maluna o kanaha makahiki, oia kekahi o na ki pilikia o kēia lehulehu. Nolaila, HIVʻike, ua manawa Kaʻahumanu i ka puu o ka noonoo ana a me nā kumu waiwai. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ka koke ia ka mea e e 'akomi i mea hoʻomaʻi e pepehi i ka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana o ke kino, ka mea kiekie, e lilo ia i ka hiki ole o ka ae ho'āʻo ana i ka make.

Ke ae pā o ka pilikia

Ma lalo o ka inoa pōkole HIV hūnā iā ka wehewehena o kanaka immunodeficiency mea hoʻomaʻi - kekahi o ka noho pilikia loa i waena o lawe hou na. Ma lalo o kona aoao, aia mea he hohonu kaumaha o ka aiiay waiwai o ka meaola. Kēia ma ka huli hele aku ai a hiki i ka muli o nā malignancies a me nā haumāna nā mea palahēhē.

Ke hoomau aku HIV maʻiʻaʻai hiki ma naʻano likeʻole. I kekahi manawa, i ka maʻi pepehi i kekahi kanaka no 3-4 makahiki, ma kekahi hihia hiki hope aku ma mua o 20 makahiki. He kumukuai o ka ike ana o ka mea hoʻomaʻi mea lolelua ka a koke make ka wā i ke kino o mai o ka lawe.

HIV ke hookomoia iloko o semen, ke koko, menses a me vaginal secretion glands. E like me na kumu o ka maʻiʻaʻai Pono e hoomanao i ka pilikia e like me periodontal maʻi, abrasions, a me nā nā palapū.

HIV hiki e ho'īli artificially, a ma ka mea o bloodborne biokontaktnogoʻano papa hana.

Inā he ua he hookahi hui 'ana me ka lawe ana o ka mea hoʻomaʻi, o ka pilikia o ka maʻiʻaʻai mea haʻahaʻa, akā, i ka ikaika AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN ia puka nunui. ʻike, a HIV maʻiʻaʻai - keia ka mea hiki ole ke AOON, o ka oi aku hoʻololi wā moe hoapili ia

E lohe i na koina a me parenteral? Ooia o ka maʻiʻaʻai. Ua hiki ke hana ana i ke koko transfusion o ua hoʻohaumiaʻia ke koko, injections me ka paipu i i ua hoʻohaumiaʻia i ke koko o HIV-iho mailoko o kanaka, e like me ka politika-sterile 'inikua ke kaʻina hana (tattooing, e hou ana i, kahua niho ke kaʻina hana ka hoʻohana mea i hana pono).

Ka mea, e ike i ole e makaʻu i ka hui '-hale EYI pono. Akā, i ka mea i koe i ke kanaka i ke kiʻekiʻe susceptibility i HIV maʻiʻaʻai. A ina o ka iho mailoko o kanaka ma ka makahiki o ka 35, ka Holomua, e kōkua iā ia, ia lŘlŘ me ka nui loa wikiwiki ma mua o ka poe i ole i lanakila ekolu makahiki wale aku no.

Ka papa kuhikuhiE symptoms

O ka holo ana, ke pono ala e kuhikuhi i ka pilikia a me ka nele i ona - o kaʻike, a HIV maʻiʻaʻai. Akā, i ke kumu hiki e ke kanaka, e alakai i ka olakino Aloha Hawaii, e hele a kaha ia oe iho ma ka mea o ka maʻiʻaʻai? Ua mea maoli i keia ka Initiative E e kekahi hoaponoia mai. He nolaila nui e ike i ka symptoms e e hōʻike ana i keʻano o ka hanaʻana luku e uhi i ka'ōnaehana paleʻea nenoaiu.

Kahua o ka incubation o ka mea hoʻomaʻi me ke koko hoao ana, e hoike aku ka olelo lealea, e loaa ia oe, no ka mea, i ke kino i keia manawa i keia manawa, aole e pane i kaʻenemi hehee wale.

Ka lua o ke kahua (iniiaiie 'ia) me ke kōkua o ke kauka ke i lawe wahi unnoticed. Akā, i kekahi manawa, he mea kaʻeleu replication o ka mea hoʻomaʻi a me ke kino hoʻomaka e pane koke ia ka mea - i mai la i ke kuni, okoa polymorphic poʻe noʻonoʻoʻole, splenic maʻi pale a me ka pharyngitis. Ma ka lua o ka mua i hui kiʻekiʻe maʻi e like me herpes, fungal nā mea palahēhē, pneumonia a me na mea e ae.

No ka mea kolu, latent ke kahua, wehewehe aku ma ka gradual mahuahua ma ka immunodeficiency. Aie i ka mea i ka mea e malu ai'ōnaehana keena make, ua mahuahua naʻano o ko lākou? Iecaianoaaiiuo, a me keia hiki compensate no ka nui poho. Ma keia wahi he mau lymph aka wahi e pili ana i kekahi mau nenoai hiki e wela ai. Akā, ua hanahana loa ka eha, ua i mālama. Ka awelika latent wā mau mai ka 6 a hiki i 7 makahiki, akā, i ke hoopanee, a me ka 20.

Iloko o ka haumāna kahua o ka maʻi, i mea o ka ha, ke kākoʻo '-nā mea palahēhē ikeia fungal, protozoan mea koʻohune, mea hoʻomaʻi kumu a me malignancies. A pau keia ua hanaia e ku e ia i ke kāʻei kua o ka loa immunodeficiency.

Nā Papahana O Kaʻike, o HIV maʻiʻaʻai

Olelo ana mai o ka hiamoe nui wale o ka pale maomeka o ke kino e like me ka hopena o ka waiū a hiki i ka mea hoʻomaʻi, e pono ke kūʻai 'ana i kumumanaʻo i ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka hoʻomanawanui i loko o keia hihia hilinaʻi nui ma ka' āwīwī a me ka pololeiʻike.

E hana i kēia, i ke kālā no lāʻau lapaʻau, likeʻole ho'āʻo nenoai, a i ka nānā 'ana ma luna o immunohemilyuminestsentny a me ka 'ūhū immunoassay koko. Kēia mau 'ana i kūpono e ka mea hiki e hooholo i ke alo o nā mea'aʻaʻa no i kekahi mau papa. Kēia hopena kōkua i me ka nui loa hoʻonui i ka maʻiʻo 'ike o ka mākau ki ina hana like, lapaʻau specificity a me ka pā lonoaʻili Hana me infectious maʻi ia.

Mea no hoi o ka nui, e hoike ana ia mea i ke ano o ka polymerase kaula naoh ae, e lawe mai i ka HIVʻike, a hiki i ka hou kiʻekiʻe. E like me ka mea no ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i kupono i kekahiʻano o liluwelo mea: koko wai koko, biopsy, hamoʻia, lāʻau lapaʻau, cerebrospinal a pleural loli.

Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i nā kiʻina hana o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua haʻawina, ka mea e kuhikuhi hoʻomōhala ma luna o ka 'ike o ka helu o ke kī ka maʻi. Mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i HIV, tuberculosis, a pau nā mea palahēhē i nā kiʻie hōʻikeʻike pū i hiki, a me ka mea hoʻomaʻi hepatitis.

E kuhikuhi i ka immunodeficiency mea hoʻomaʻi mea i hoʻohana hakakino aaiaoe a me ka serological ho'āʻo ma. Ma ka hihia mua me ka nānā 'ana i ka mea hoʻomaʻi RNA, a proviral DNA, i loko o ka lua o ka hihia, ke Ka Ikepili o nā mea'aʻaʻa i ka HIV P24 antigen, a ua' akomi i.

Ma na nā keʻena lāʻau lapaʻau, ana, no laila, e'ōlelo aku, panina PalekanaEND_LINK ki ina hana like,ʻano nui hoʻohana maʻamau Hola Pūnaewele no serological ikea ai.

Kakahiakaʻike, o HIV

Kēiaʻano o ka manao paa o ka maʻiʻaʻai mea e pono ai ma ka mea e kuhikuhi i ka pilikia o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana i kakahiaka nui me hiki. Kēia mea, mua, e pale aku i ka laha o ka maʻiʻaʻai, ka lua, he aha ka mea i ka maʻi i loko o ka kakahiaka ke kahua.

Inā i ke kumu o Rusia, ua noonoo, i hoʻolauna i ka lapaʻau Mea Maluna o HIV maʻiʻaʻai i loko o ke koa a me Moana o ka Russian Hui. Ua haawi maikaʻi nā hualoaʻa: Ua lilo nui maʻalahi ke kaʻina hana o ka wanaʻao lapaʻauʻike.

E like me na symptoms e hoike ana i ka hiki mea hōʻemi o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea nenoaiu, ia mea hiki e hooholo i ka headache, po kaheʻana a me ka luhi unmotivated. Ua mea no hoi e hiki i ka hooulu ana o ke kuni pu ma symptoms o tonsillitis. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi i ka mehana i ka 38 degere a oi aku, a pela hoʻonui i ka palatine tonsils, a hoi hou ka eha ma moni' ia. A pau keia ua complemented e ka poe ola, ke kaupaonaʻana me keia poho. I ka Ia manawa, i kēia mau symptoms mea pinepine luna '.

Ma kekahi hihia HIV maʻiʻaʻai i loko o ke kakahiaka nui kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao ke hana i loko o ka likeʻole ma o ka loli ma ka ili kulana. Mākou i kakahiaka nui HIVʻike, e kamailio e pili ana i ua wahi la, roseola, abscesses, abrasions a me na mea e ae. pū nā hana me symptoms e like me generalized paha i kaupalena 'mahuahua ma kaʻike ākea lymph aka wahi.

Inā he mea kekahi i ka wā hoʻokahi ulu ana o kekahi mau lymph aka wahi e mau no na malama ekolu a oi, a me kekahi mau hui koe nae ka groin, alaila, he mea na kumu e manao i ka mea hoʻomaʻi o ke kanaka'ōnaehana paleʻea nenoaiu.

Kamailio e pili ana i kaʻike, ma ka hope o ka lā, e pono nō ia e lohe i ka hoike ana o ka haumāna immunodeficiency, a pinepine e wahi ma lalo o kaʻaʻahu o kekahi lapaʻau symptoms. Mau mea na kēia mau hoikeana.

• unmotivated generalizedʻike ākea lymphadenopathy;
• arthralgia ike etiology i ka mea he undulatingʻikena;
• ARI (huʻi naehana maʻi), li nui o na ia maʻiʻaʻai a me ka Hawaiian Airlines, i hoike mai ai ia lakou iho pinepine lawa;
• wela o ka mea ike ole ia kumu, a me ka lōʻihi haʻahaʻa-papa kuni;
• mau kaʻawahia, a ua hoikeia mai ma ka unmotivated nawaliwali, luhi, lethargy, a me na mea e ae.

HIV-ʻike, ma ka hope kahua i nana kikowaena na maʻi like Kaposi ka sarcoma, mau helehelena neoplasms hoike pinepine i loko o ka luna o ke kino i loko o ui kanaka, i ukali ia e hōʻeuʻeu ana a me ka metastasis.

Polymerase kaula naoh

Noonoo pono i ka kiʻina hana likeʻole o kaʻike, a HIV maʻiʻaʻai, keia e e haawiia mai kūikawā noonoo. Koke ia E e hoʻomaopopo i ke koko hoao ana hiki ke pahuna ma laupaʻi a me ka qualitative ano.

E like me ka hana ana o keia hana o ka loaʻaʻana o ka mea hoʻomaʻi hiki e hooponoponoia ia mea, i ka penei hana:

• kakahiakaʻike, o HIV maʻiʻaʻai;
• clarifying i ke alo o questionable hualoaʻa ma ka hope immunoblottingovogo noiʻi;
• 'ike ana i kekahi mau kahua o ka maʻi;
• ka mālamaʻana i ka laulā o ka lapaau, e uhi i ka mea hoʻomaʻi.

Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i iniiaiie maʻiʻaʻai, ka mea e e kaulana i keia papa hana e leie aku e hooholo HIV RNA i loko o ke koko ma hope o 14 lā o ka maʻiʻaʻai. He He hopena loa maikai. Pela wale i ka hopena o ke ao, e i ka qualitative olelo, kekahi maikaʻi (ka mea hoʻomaʻi mea i hiki mai) a io.

Laupaʻi PCR 'aoʻao o

Kēiaʻano o ka polymerase kaula naoh ua hoʻohana 'ia ka hoʻoholo' ana i ka hiki māmā holo o kōkua iā ia,, a, e wńnana i ka lōʻihi like 'ole o ka hoʻomanawanui ka ola.

Laupaʻi hoʻoholo o HIV RNA i loko o ke koko aeee i ka wā o ka maʻi komo i loko o lapaʻau pae ka mea e hiki ai e maopopo.

He waiwai ka uku noonoo ana i ka mea i ke keʻena hoʻokolohua HIV PalekanaEND_LINK kāu kiʻina hana i ka hou pololei result, ina koi 'ia no ka biomaterial Ka Ikepili manao pono, a me kona pa ua i pololei.

I mea e hana e like ai ka mālamaʻana iho mailoko o pono ai (kahi hiki) e hoʻohana i noniakahi hoʻokokoke ai i ke ao o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea kūlana o ka hoʻomanawanui. Mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i laupaʻi a me ka iaea ooieoeiiaeuiiai manao o na huahelu a pau o ka hoomalu'ōnaehana: ke kelepona hele, humoral e hoʻonele a me nonspecific ia'ku me ia.

keʻena hoʻokolohuaʻike,

Increasingly i loko o kēia keʻena hoʻokolohua hoʻohana i ka nunui-ke kahua hana no ka aayoaeuiinoe i ka moku'āina o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea nenoaiu. Kēiaʻano hana pinepine komo ai nä kekahi subpopulation o nā mea'aʻaʻa, lymphocytes i loko o ke koko. Kēia 'o ia hoʻi i ka ia nui i loko o ka lākiō o CD4 / CD8 keena. Inā hōʻike emi o 1.0 i ka hopena, he mea kumu i manaʻo pü 'immunodeficiency.

Keʻena hoʻokolohuaʻike, o HIV maʻiʻaʻai e komo i loko o kēia hōʻike mea OAXA, mai ka mea hoʻomaʻi mea typical e wae lesion CD4-lymphocytes, i hiki aku ai i kekahi hiohiona hoʻohuikau o ka lākiō (emi o 1.0) kau aʻela ma luna.

E loiloi i ka immunological kūlana kauka e alakai i ka hoao no ke alo o ka "ino" a mau'ōnaehana mā ma humoral a me ke kelepona hele e hoʻonele. Ua mea e pili ana i hypogammaglobulinemia hypergammaglobulinemia paha i loko o ka maʻi pae, e like me hoemi cytokine? Iecaianoaaiiuo, mahuahua i ka lehulehu o ka hoʻolahaʻia'ōnaehana paleʻea eiiieaenu hoʻonāwaliwali i pane ma ka lymphocytes i mitogens a me antigens.

He waiwai ka uku noonoo ana i ka mea i ke keʻena hoʻokolohuaʻike, o HIV i mau kī kūlana:

1. Loiloi 'keʻena hoʻokolohua. Inā he ua he maikaʻi hopena i loko o ka Elisa ('ūhū-ua hoʻopili immunosorbent mea o loko), ka mea, ua hai i na manawa elua i loko o ka hookahi'ōnaehana, a me ka hoʻololi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau. Ma ka hihia kahi mau o na ana ekolu alakai aku ai i ka loaʻa o ka mea hoʻomaʻi keiki lāʻau lapaʻau hoouna no ka hou 'ana i ka olua keʻena hoʻokolohua.
2. Ka lua o ke kahua, a loaʻa kāu kiʻina hana o ke keʻena hoʻokolohua lapaʻau 'o HIV maʻiʻaʻai, - ka wehewehena o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea nenoaiu. Ua ua paʻa i loko o ka luna-i oleloia i maopopo nä haumäna keʻena hoʻokolohua. Eia hou maikaʻi sera hoʻokolokolo i loko o Elisa, akā, ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka okoa ho'āʻo nenoai, a oko a mai ka mua haku mele' ana o antigens, nā mea'aʻaʻa paha waihona o ka ho'āʻo lākou iā lākou iho. Ma ka hoomaopopo ana i ka hopena maikaʻi result ua lawe mai pane-i like i loko o ke kolu o ka hoao ana nenoaiu. Inā ua ole, ua loaʻa i ka hopena o ka mea hoʻomaʻi like me ka hopena, e wili i ka wa e kaawale aku o HIV maʻiʻaʻai. Akā, me ka maikaʻi hopena, i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ua aʻo i loko o ka laina a'ōnaehana paleʻea paumāʻele a.

Ultimately ia he algorithm produces he 'oluʻolu,'ākilikai paha io hopena.

O na kamaaina wau ë he mähele wale i ka mea i loaʻa HIV lapaʻau 'ana. Kōkua iā ia, hiki ke hōʻike 'ia ma kekahi kulanui, kulanakauhale a lehulehu ola.

lapaʻau

O ka holo ana, i ka 'ike o ka mea hoʻomaʻi makemake e o ka waiwai i loko o ka wa e kaawale aku o kekahi mau ano o ka waiū i ka maʻiʻaʻai. A eia nae i ka manawa mea nō ole laʻau koʻokoʻo i hiki loa neutralize i ka mea hoʻomaʻi, he akamaiʻike, lapaau, a hahai mai-i o HIV Kāohi hiki me ka nui loa hoʻoikaika i ka ano o ka hoomanawanui, hiki Hooloihi hoi i kona ola. Keia ia hoʻi ua hookupaa iho la ia ma ka mea i ka awelika ola expectancy o nā kānaka i hoʻomaka i kakahiaka nui lapaʻau o HIV He 38 makahiki. Women i hoʻomaka Anati-immunodeficiency mea hoʻomaʻi, ola ka awelika o ka 41 makahiki.

Once kaʻike, i ua hana, ua hoemiia HIV lapaau ana i ka hoʻohana 'ana i kekahi mau' ana i kūpono. E like me kekahi o ka loa e like me ka hiki i ka hooholoʻeleu antiretroviral Inc HAART o ka ia. Inā manawa a competently pili i kēiaʻano o ka lapaʻau, e mea hiki ke me ka nui loa 'ūlōlohi i ka Holomua o kōkua iā ia, a hiki hooki ia.

HAART o Mānoa, maʻi hēhē ia i ka mea e ma ka ia manawa hoʻohana mau mea lāʻau lapaʻau huahana, ao kona manao mea e ho ololi i kekahi mau maomeka o immunodeficiency mea hoʻomaʻi.

Ma hope o kekahi mau ano o HIVʻike, hōʻike 'o ka mea o ka maʻiʻaʻai, ka lapaʻauʻia hiki ke hoʻohana', a i ka hope o ka hopena:

• Immunological. Stabilize i ka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana, e moe ana kiʻekiʻe o T-lymphocytes, a hou ka palekana i ka likeʻole nā mea palahēhē.
• Lapaʻau. Ua ālai 'ia' o ka ulu ana o kōkua iā ia, a pau kona hoike ana, Hooloihi hoi i ke ola o nā mea maʻi me ka mālama 'ana o nā mea a pau ke kino.
• Virological. Ua mākaukau kaua paha ma ka paleʻana mea hoʻomaʻi multiplication, hiki hoemi i ka mea hoʻomaʻi haawe a a laila paa ma ka haʻahaʻa kiʻekiʻe.

He paʻakikī e overestimate i ka nui o ia mau ana hopena ma luna o ka maʻi, e like me kaʻike,, lapaau a me ka Kāohiʻana o HIV maʻiʻaʻai. No laila, i ka mea maikaʻi 'oe e hana ai ma hope o ka maikaʻi hopena o ke ao ma luna o ke kumuhana o ka maʻiʻaʻai - Ua koke hoʻomaka i ke kaua i ka maʻi. E like me kekahi hana, a e e ka mea hiki e hooholo i ka virological lapaau.

Ma keia hihia mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka hoʻohana 'ana ai', a e ole ae i ka mea hoʻomaʻi e paʻa i T-lymphocytes, a me ke kiʻi i loko o ke kino. Ia ai 'i kapa ia e komo ai nā mea kūpale. Ma "Tselzentri" hiki e haawiia me ka maopopo hoʻohālike.

E uhi HIV hiki ke hoʻohana 'mea hoʻomaʻi protease nā mea kūpale. Ke kumu o keia pae o ka ai 'mea e pale aku i ka maʻiʻaʻai o hou keena. Ua ai 'e like me "Viracept", "Reyataz", "Kaletra" listen'ōlelo.

Ke kolu o ka pūʻulu o topical lapaʻauʻia - he aʻe transcriptase nā mea kūpale. Ka mea, Pono, e aeie i'ūhū e leie aku ka mea hoʻomaʻi e mahuahua RNA i loko o ka nucleus o ka lymphocyte. Kēia mau kiʻina hana ae i appreciable hopena ma luna o nīnūnē e like me HIV maʻiʻaʻai. ʻike, a me ka lapaau Kāohiʻana o kōkua iā ia, - i ka hihia o ka palapala hōʻoia no kauka, no laila, ke algorithm no ka hoʻohana 'ana ai', ka mea, e hana ia mea.

like immunologic a me ka lapaʻau 'ole i ke hoʻohana inā pono.

Kāohi

The World Health Organization e kaumaha ana i nā kēia hakakā o HIV maʻiʻaʻai.

• Kāohiʻana o ka maʻiʻaʻai nā kiʻie hōʻikeʻike. Ka mea, Ua pakele ke keka, condoms, STD lapaau a me ka aʻo polokalamu.
• No ka mea, hapai wahine nona HIV maʻiʻaʻai i 'akomi i, -ʻike, Kāohiʻana, ka hoʻohana kūpono Nine Inch, e like me ka' oihana aʻo a me ka lapaau.
• O ka hui ana o Kāohiʻana ma ke koko huahana. Ma keia hihia mākou e kamaʻilio e pili ana i Anati-mea hoʻomaʻi aaioee a kéu nā mea hāʻawi.
• Social a me ka 'inikua kōkua i nā mea maʻi a me ko lakou mau ohana.

I ole HIVʻike, i hōʻike mai i ke alo o ka mea hoʻomaʻi, e pono e hahai aku i na mea ola rula:

• ina iho mailoko o ke koko i loaʻa ma luna o kou ili, ka mea e e koke holoiʻia me ka ke kopa a me ka wai, ma hope a ke kaʻina hana Hoʻokaʻaʻike ka wahi waiʻona;
• Inā poho, ua loaa mai i ke kumuhana hehee wale o ka mea hoʻomaʻi, ia mea pono e oOeEIAOO i ka eha, e kaomi mai i ke koko, e ke kō i ka wahi o ka hydrogen peroxide, a me nā kihi cauterize iodine;
• loa hoʻohana 'ohe i sterility i ua compromised;
• iloko o moe ke keakea ole ka hoʻohana 'ana i ka condom, a me ia mea e aho initially e hoao ai hoa no infiltrations.

hualoaʻa

Aie i ka mea iʻike, HIV mea,ʻaʻole ma ka wahi, e hiki i ka hoʻomaka lapaau ma ka manawa, a me ka nui loa hoonui ola expectancy na tausani o kanaka. Ke kumu nui mea mea,ʻaʻole e kāpae'ōlelo i ke ahuwale symptoms, aʻaʻole e makau, e hele aku i ke kauka mai.