Ka walaʻauʻana pa alima o ka evolutionary kaʻina mea ...

He paʻakikī i ka manao wale ia koke nānā loa okoa i ka Honua. Na mea a pau ua okoa: kanu, holoholona, ea, ka wai. He nui miliona o ka makahiki no ka Honua i undergone loli mea i lawe mai iā ia i kēia wahi. Mau loli i papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika ma ka 'ano, a i kona' epekema inoa - evolution. E ho'āʻo i ka maopopo mea ia mea, a pehea ia keʻano o ka hanaʻana aku.

I ka manaʻo o ka evolution

Inā 'oe e haawi aku i ka ho'ākāka' ana ma ka olelo o ka kālaimeaola, laila, ua hiki ke olelo pela. Evolution - Ua irreversible loli i ka manawa, 'ia i ka noho ana meaola a me ke kēpau, e ka hoʻohuiʻana i ka aaiaoe kiʻekiʻe, ka lānai hou loaa kāna moʻolelo i hiki ai ia ia ke hakuloli i kekahi? Aneie ana.

Ma keia pa alima ka evolutionary kaʻina mea,ʻaʻole kēlā me kekahi kanaka, no ka mea, no ka poe ola pūʻulu o'ālike meaola. No ia mea, i ka manaʻo o ka mea haʻahaʻa huahelu o keia nui kaʻina i lōʻihi Ua controversial. Hoikehonua,ʻepekema i kekahi leo hai ana i ka mokuna o ka evolutionary kaʻina o ka heluna kanaka.

Ke loa kaʻina o kekahi kanaka hiki ke Hahai I hou i ka kekahi laʻana o ke ano, ina hoolanakila ia ia i ka hana. No laila, ka mea, he loa maopopo o ke ano o ka mea no ka lakou mau I Aloha Hawaii ma ka iole, hui me ka piha poho o ka hihiʻo. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ma lalo o ka honua, aohe he malamalama, a no ia mea, i ka hihiʻo mea,ʻaʻole nui. Akā,ʻo keʻala o kēia mau mea e inaina mai e. Honi earthworm i loko o kekahi mau umi o mika!

Ka mea, ua maopopo i ka kūpunaʻano o kēia mau holoholona, he ano honua kahi ola a me ka mea i hoʻonele o kekahi Hawaii a me ka maʻamau 'ole o ka mua lala. O ka holo ana, aohe mea nana e huli ana pono. No ka nui kenekulia, millennia a me miliona o ka makahiki ia i Mother Nature e i iole i kekahi ano i loko i ka mea iʻike iā mākou manawa. A no laila, a me nā mea a pau meaola. I ka Ia manawa mākou e ole manaʻo i ke ola i loko o kekahi wahi honua kahi biomass mea i ka pilina paʻa, a maopopo hana.

Evolution i wahi i kēia lā,ʻilikai loli a pau holoholona, mea kanu, anakahi iki-meaola, i kānaka. Just ia ka hana ma ka aaiaoe kiʻekiʻe, aʻaʻole hiki ke ike ia ma kona wā.

Ke terminology o evolutionary kumumanaʻo

Aia nō i ka helu o ka manaÿo i e aʻo ana i ka hana i ka mea e i ka manao e pili ana i ka evolution, a me ka keʻano o ka hanaʻana e pili ana i ia. Over manawa, i ka hoʻomāhuahua o kaʻimi naʻauao ike waihona ipu a me ka generalization o nā mea a pau i loaa mai mater, ikea mai la a me ka manawa e pili ana i ka poe 'ole' ē aʻe meaola a me ka hoʻololi i ko lakou noho ana, hana,ʻike manaʻo o ke ano. Ke Evolution nā nui metamorphoses a me keʻano o ka hanaʻana, nae, e haawi i ka ka wehewehena o ka nui poʻe.

1. Nā kūpuna mai - ka hiki ana o meaola, e hoʻouna i ai i ka lakou poe mamo kāna moʻolelo ka hookomo i loko o ka genotype. Mahalo iā ia, eia'ālike kanaka e hana i ka mea a pau heluna.
2. Variability - kēia hiʻona i ka meaola e 'ōili mai i hanau a me ka pilikia ma ke ola, a leie aku oe, e loaʻa iā ia kekahi mea hou kāna moʻolelo, hoʻohuiʻia genotypes o ka makua kāne a me ka makuwahine.
3. Mutation - nui i kekahi hapa o ka kŰia. Ke pa alima o ka evolutionary kaʻina mea, o ka papa, i ka mutation. Naʻe, ka mea, o ka ikaika o ka holo loli no manawa.
4. Ke paio no ka ola - ka hakakā maoli o na kanaka no ka ?? eoi? Ee, ka ai, he maikaʻi wahi e noho ai, ka wai, ka wahine, a no laila, ma luna o. He keia paio e hoʻoholo i ka helu o nā holoholona a me nā mea kanu, me ko lakou ikaika a me ke ahonui. ʻO ka mea ola, i ikaika, a me ka haʻalele, pakahi, oi Hardy a, a hakuloli keiki kakou nana.
5. Natural koho - lawe mai ma ke ano maoli i kekahi kaʻina i hoʻoholo i ka wahi i loko o ke ola o kēlā me kēia kanaka, ke kaupalenaʻana i ko lakou helu, ke kaupalenaʻana Holomua i loko o nā'ōlelo a me ka ola.
6. Unit o ka evolutionary kaʻina - ia Aloha heluna. I ka pae ana o like meaola, ke EYI i loko o kekahi mau 'lākou o nā hiʻona a me MOKUNA XXXIII nei ke ao hookahi kau o morphological, physiological a me ka anatomical hiʻona, Ho'ākāka' ka mea liilii loa mall pa alima o ka ulu ana kaʻina.

No ka piha naauao o ka kŰia E e mōakāka loa a me ka? Aneeo manaÿo e like me? Ueony, genus, heluna kanaka, biocoenosis, biomass, a me nā biosphere.

I ka moolelo o ka ulu ana o ka pähola 'ana o evolution

Ua hiki mai ai i na kanaka koke aku i ka manaʻo o ka evolution me ke kaʻina hana o ka? acaeoey. Initially, e pili ana i loli i ka mea kanu a me na holoholona i olelo ia i loko o ka wa kahiko. A laila, na sages, poe akeakamai a me ka noiʻi ua hoʻomaopopo ia ma manawa, kanaka ĸokoĸa ana nä pane, he nui loa i like symptoms. Mawaena o ka loa kaulana naau, ua like penei:

• Fales.
• Xenophanes.
• Heraclitus.
• Alcmaeon.
• Empedocles.
• Plato.
• Aristotle.
• Hippocrates a me na mea e ae.

Medieval a me kēia manawa

Ma ka Middle Ages ka loa e like me ka pähola 'ana o ke kumu a me ka ulu ana o ke ola ua kreotseonistskaya. Ke Akua, ua manao me he hookahi mea nāna i hana, i hana i ka honua e like me ia mea, a ua pau na manao i manaoia e hiki. Kēia ka meheu o ka hooulu ana o ka hoohalike oiaio o no ka lōʻihi manawa.

Hope, ka wā i hele ai i ke au o ka loaʻa Tilly, a lilo iho la ia ike ana o ka nuiʻano o ke ola ma ka Honua, e ka manawa iʻimi naʻauao wehewehe ana o keia ano. A laila, hele maila i ka kumumanaʻo o evolutionary loli. Kona makuakane ua manaoia e e ao-kaulana Pelekāne Charles Darwin. Eia naʻe, ma ka par me ia i aneane i ka ia discoveries i a me kekahi nä känaka 'epekema - Alfred Uolles. I wahi kreotseonistskim wale mai transformistskie.

Lākou o Mānoa, ninoieo ma ka manaoio i ka mea i haawiia mai ma ka honua, a me ka wale a me ka hooholo ia o ka manawa i hala he nui loli 'a me ka hana mau meaola i ola i kēia lā. Eia hou, i ka huli ana kaʻina ua i pani, a mau a hiki i kēia lā, a, e hoʻomau loa i ka loihi me he mea ola.

Ke ao ana o ka evolution e like me Darwin

He aha ke kumumanaʻo olelo mai ai, i hanaʻia e ka Pelekāne? He aha ka ka wahine paha, o ka evolutionary kaʻina a me ke kumu e Ka hele ana ma? Kû ke kekahi mau kī i ho'ākāka 'o keia ao.

1. A pau i keʻano o ke ola e nei ma luna o ka Honua, o ka hopena o nā tausani o nā makahiki o nā mea hoʻololi, a ia i hana i ka pō hoʻokahi nana i hana.
2. Ke kumu o ka evolution i keʻano o ka hanaʻana e like me maoli koho, aaiaoe ike hoolilo hanauna, mutations e ana i loko o ka heluna kanaka, ke variability o? Ueo.
3. New symptoms e ku oe a e paa i ka hopena o ka paio no ka wa, i mea he mea o maoli wae.
4. Ka hopena o ka evolution - ke kahua o ia ka meaola i mea hoʻomākaukau loa i na olelo o kona ola.

Charles Darwin haawi ole wale i kaʻimi naʻauao ho'ākāka no ka hooulu ana o ke ola, akā, i underpinned i hana ia mea. Ka mea wale nō mea ia i hiki ole ke hoomaopopo a wehewehe - ia mea discrete heritable kāna moʻolelo. I kona ike aku, i kela mau hiʻona i i hele ia, mai ia hanauna aku ia hanauna aku, i ua hoohuliia mai, a mae wale no manawa. Eia naʻe, ua hōʻike Mendel ka ho okolohua i ka mea ana i loko o kekahi mau hanauna hoʻi.

Unit o ka evolution e like me Darwin

I mea e wehewehe i kekahi kaʻina hana, ia mea pono ke kālā līkaia no ka haʻahaʻa halepaahao. A me ka evolution. Charles Darwin manaoio aku i ka? Ueo - mea he pa alima o ka evolutionary kaʻina. Anei keia oiaio i keia la? No, ka mea, mai ke kuanaʻike o ka papa kemikala pähola 'o ke ola, i ka manao e hiki ole ke noʻonoʻo me ka mea uuku huna o ka global loli i ka manawa.

E like me ke Contemporary wale, ke kumu o ka mokuna o ka evolutionary kaʻina o ka heluna kanaka. Kumu noonoo hope.

Darwin i manaoio aku i ka huna uuku aeea - he ano. He hōʻike a hoʻopaʻa i nā loli i hana i loko o ka hookahi? Ueony o kanaka, noʻonoʻo i ka totality o nā kumumea i alakaʻi ai i kēia mau hoʻololi.

He aha ka he? Ueo?

No ke aha la hiki ole kuhi ana i ka pa alima o ka evolutionary kaʻina mea heʻano o? No ka mea, ua ua ua hoike mai la, i ka hopena o ke kaʻina hana o ka hooulu ana mai o ke ola - ka ka hoʻololiʻana i ka kūloko aʻe. Āpana a me ka hoʻohuiʻana o ua mau hōʻailona, a e kōkua i ka noho oluolu aku i loko o kekahi habitats.

Eia naʻe, e hoomanao mai, no ka mea hoike, ka mea Polar lihi. Ke kahi malaila mea mau sweeping blizzards, a hoopouli iho la i keʻokeʻo ka hau, ma ke anu a me ka hau e haalulu. Ma kēia māhele 'āina i noho ma ka oi ma mua o kekahi mau' ano o ka holoholona, akā, adapting ia i ka hoʻohalahala ana i nui like. Kēia ao für me undercoat, keʻokeʻoʻeleʻele o, he ao ahu iho la ka subcutaneous momona, nui nui, a no laila, ma luna o.

Penei, eia kahi mea akaka i kaʻano a me symptoms like manaʻo. Ia mea ke kumu o ka hoʻohui o ka evolutionary kaʻina mea i ke ano oia - e ka haʻahaʻa halepaahao o kālaikaiaola like me ka 'epekema. Kēia mea i ke kaʻina o nā kanaka me ka like morphological, physiological symptoms, I Aloha Hawaii, e like me ka pono me iaeoe i kekahi wahi, a me ke alalai ole interbreed ho okumu i momona keiki kakou nana.

Ke kanaka me ke kumu o pa alima ka evolutionary kaʻina

kemikala - kaʻiʻo nō o kēia kumumanaʻo o ka evolution. He ka hopena o ka hoʻokuʻi pū o na manao a pau o kēia noiʻi a me ka hopena Charles Darwin,. Ua aʻole i ka mea kākau, ia mea - he huina hoonui o ka hana ana o na mea he nuiʻepekema, mai kekahi aina.

No laila, ka mea, o keia kumumanaʻo hoʻoholo i ka pa alima o ka evolutionary kaʻina o ka heluna kanaka. He keia - ka uuku mokuna aeea o keia global hou 'kaʻina.

Mai ka wahi o ka Hawaii o ke kālaikaiaola, heluna - mea heʻano o ke ola o kekahi mauʻano o ka meaola i loko o i ka mea e pono hakuloli i kā lākou 'ia. Kekahi heluna kanaka e komo i loko o nā kanaka o ka ia a me kekahi mau? Ueo. Na hoailona i ka mea i loaaʻi, e kekahi oko. Kekahi meaola i e uuku, 'ē aʻe nui, a no laila, ma luna o.

Ma kēlā me kēia kanaka, he mea i paio no ka noho ana, ma kona ano maoli koho, e hana mutations, a haka pono ka poe a me 'ē aʻe. Oia, ia mea he evolution.

Na ka hoʻokukeʻana koa o ka evolution

Mākou i mua i olelo ia e pili ana i ke kumu o keʻano o ka hanaʻana i ka mea i ka kiko'ī o keia macrophenomena - evolution. Hou Kû ke ia.

1. Natural koho ua lawe mai i ka lilo ana o ka paio no ka noho ana i loko o ka heluna kanaka, a ma waena o lakou.
2. Nā kūpuna mai, a variability, e alakai ana i ka ka hoʻohuiʻana o ka nui hou hiʻona i loko o ka genotype.
3. Mutations, o ka poe pono a me ka palapala. Random paha kauoha, e alakai ana i ka ka hoʻohuiʻana o ka hou hiʻona.
4. ʻimi hoʻopunipuni koho - kuhikuhi evolution lawe mai e kekahi kanaka no na ano pono o nā mea kanu a me nā holoholona (ka mea, ua hana i ka mea kanu? Aneii a me ka holoholona mahinaai).

Value hooilina i evolution

Ke hiki e ke hoʻouna i nā hōʻailona o ka ili - ia mea nui ka hiʻona o nā mea e noho ana. Ua hoʻolako i ka hiki e paʻi i ka ia kanaka, akā, i ka mea ia manawa, a kiʻi hou poʻe. Nā kūpuna mai - o ka hookumu ana o ke ola.

Ke liluwelo kūlana ia mea, e malama i ka helu ana o na kanaka o okoa? Ueo a me kā lākou mālama i loko o ka hihiu. Eia hou kekahi, ia mea - kekahi o na kumu nui alakaʻi mana o ka evolution.

Variability a me kona kūlana

Mākou hiki ole ke olelo i ka variability - he pa alima o ka evolutionary kaʻina. Ua mea no laila kona nui loulou? O ka holo anaʻo ia. Ia mea i loko o kēia kaʻina hana o ke kumu o ka 'āpana o ke hou kāna moʻolelo a me nā' ano. Ke kino o ka hiki i ka recombination, i ke kahua o ka hou na hoailona a me kā lākou fixation - i keia mea aie a hiki i ka variability.