Kōkua iā ia,: mea hoʻomaoe a me ka manaʻolana 'ia

Kanaka Immunodeficiency mea hoʻomaʻi a kanaka immunodeficiency mea hoʻomaʻi (HIV), e pili ana i ka retrovirus ohana a me ka genus Lentivirus. Kēia genus nā 'elele o ka a i likeʻole infectious maʻi o ke koko a me ka'ōnaehana paleʻea deficiency i loko o ka aeaia ieaeiieoa?.

Ke kumu a me ka 'ike o

Kēiaʻano ua poe e mau ole-ke kelepona hele Luna - HIV-1 a me HIV-2, hiki ana o na la loaa Immunodeficiency maʻi pale - (. Engl loaa immunodeficiency maʻi pale, kōkua iā ia,) kōkua iā ia,. Eia naʻe, i kēia mau subtypes oko i loko o ka mämä holo o ka maʻi? Acaeoey. Ua Ua manaoio aku i ka lua o ka HIV-2 'ano emiʻano pākīkē i na kanaka'ōnaehana paleʻea nenoaiu. Heʻano i lohe nui māhele ma Asia, 'Eulopa, Amerika a me Africa.

Ke sensational Kaka Ua paʻiʻia i loko o ka puke pai Science, ka wā e i ike i ke alo o ka infectious Agena i loko o ka lymph aka wahi homosexuals ka poe i waiho wale aku no i ka luna maʻi pale. DNA Ka Ikepili hōʻike i nā subspecies mau o na kanaka immunodeficiency mea hoʻomaʻi i okoa kêia kanaka. Ke hea ka hoahanau o HIV-1 huli mai e ia i ka mea hoʻomaʻi mea e hookomo ana i ka hooulu ana o ka immunodeficiency i loko o monkeys, laila, hoomaka ae la e noonoo ia e like me ka subspecies o ka hookahi? Ueo. Ua Ua manaoio aku i ka mea i iho mailoko o ke kanaka me ia ma hui 'ana me mailoko o holoholona. Ka lua oʻano i pili me ka lymphadenopathy.

He 'atikala e nana i ana kōkua iā ia, i, i ka hopena o ka laha ana o kona kākoʻo i ke kanaka kino.

aoao kaʻina

Maʻiʻaʻai kaʻina typical o nā mea a pau nā mea hoʻomaʻi. Loko o ka halepaahao, infectious Agena integrates kona DNA i loko o ka püÿali chromosomal helix, pela hoʻololi i keʻano o kona'ōewe olelo, kūpono ana i ka hua i loko o ka pakeneka o malignant hikoko.

Kōkua iā ia, e hoʻomōhala ai me ka 'ai, inu o infectious HIV hope paha. Ua iho mailoko a pau na keena ma ka ili o ka i mai he mau 'immunoglobulin mea loaʻa. Ma moe hui 'ana me ka iho mailoko o hoapili ia ua hoʻomākaukau mua mea hoʻomaʻi dendritic keena a me macrophages, patrolling ka epithelium o ka wahine, i kēia mau receptors a me T lymphocytes (T aeee i hōʻike a me ka luku aku haole antigens) makana i loko o ka iiiaanoaa i loko o ka mucous membranes. Inā he mea hoʻomaʻi komo i ke kino ma umauma waiū, i ka'īpuka e malama i kona M-aeee Peyer ka loʻi.

Eia hoi, ina o ka mea hoʻomaʻi komo i ke koko, ia inevitably komo ka lymph aka wahi, a he mau ike Loaʻaʻia kaua aeee hōʻike T-lymphocytes. Ke lymph aka wahi i kekahi i loko o antigen-ka hōʻike aeee (luku antigens), i hiki ke hoʻouna i nā kōkua iā ia, mea hoʻomaʻi. Ka hopena, ua mau mea nui.

ke kahua o ka maʻi

I nā lā mua ma hope maʻiʻaʻai e hoʻomōhala ana i huʻi pae o ka maʻi i ka wa a ka mea hoʻomaʻi e hoonui loa hoʻomaka koke nā moku halihali mokulele i kokoke a pau keena o ka immunoglobulin receptors, ka hapanui o ia make. A laila, infectious Agena i latent moku'āina, a ua waiho wahoʻano nui me ka provirus (hoohui i loko o ka poʻe koa aeea), IIeEeAIEUIeXAIIUEʻano nui i loko o T-lymphocytes. Ka mea i hanaʻia ma hope o ka halawai me ka kekahi antigen, a ua ho'ā 'ia ka wā e reappears. Ka mea, e ole paʻi i loko o kekahi mea uuku nui ai hoʻolahaʻia i loko o ke koko.

A laila, hiki mai ka asymptomatic ke kahua o ka maʻi, oiai i ka mea hoʻomaʻi heluna lilo genetically heterogeneous no a hiki i ka hoʻomāhuahua o mutations. Imperceptibly hoemiia helu o T-keena no ka mea, make ka mea, e like me ka mea hoʻomaʻi replication.

He mea pilikia loa, a kōkua iā ia,. Ka hopena o ka maʻi ninoieo i loko o ka mea ana i kekahi hope ke kahua o ka maʻi pale helu o T keena emi o loi, multiplication o ka mea hoʻomaʻi i loko o nā nā'aʻaʻa o ka lymph aka wahi hele aku ai i degeneration o ka hala, a me ka hapanui mea hoʻomaʻi maʻiʻaʻai i loaʻa i ka laulā huahelu o ka puali keena. Ho'ā 'cytotoxic i komo ke kelepona hele'ōnaehana paleʻea pane, ia'ku i Anati-mea hoʻomaʻi nā mea'aʻaʻa, ma kekahi hihia, okoa'aʻaʻa tropism.

I ka wā o? Acaeoey o ka maʻi a me kekahi e hiki maʻiʻaʻai hiki e ona no ka meaola. E kū'ē i ke kāʻei kua o kōkua iā ia, i loko o kanaka me compromised'ōnaehana paleʻea nenoai pinepine hoʻomōhala mea hoʻomaʻi maʻi 'ē aʻe. No ka laʻana, HIV i loihi, ua noʻonoʻo i kekahi kumu o ka maʻi 'aʻai, akā, ka mea hope i waho i ka mea hoʻonāwaliwali maoli nō o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea kūlana haʻahaʻa o Ka maʻi' aʻai ua kauoha ae la ia e ka loa okoa pathogens, a me ia mea i ka hopena o HIV, a kōkua iā ia,.

No ke aha kanaka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana mea hiki ke Makuakane me HIV maʻiʻaʻai?

Ka mea o ia ka HIV mea hoʻomaʻi huli mai e ia i ka mākaukau "manipulator", upsetting na kumu o ka e hoʻonele, a uku ia i kā lākou pono. "Pomaikai" o ka hiki ana o ka HIV lōʻihi e noho i loko o ka latent palapala. Inā koke ma hope o ka loiloi mua maʻiʻaʻai me ka pathogenic kaʻina ua uhi pū, a laila, i nā (ma luna o kekahi mau makahiki) pepehi i ka'ōnaehana paleʻea nenoaiu. I ka papa kuhikuhiE ka pale kaua o ka mea hoʻomaʻi i T-lymphocytes. Maʻamau ka mea, e holo aku au i ka helu o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea muli o reactions i loko o ka maʻi lilo aku i ko lakou hiki ana i proliferate, a me ka huina helu emi. ʻO nā'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana aeee (B-lymphocytes, monocytes a me NK-aeea) eʻike ana ÷ ailona uwao o T keena pinepine hoʻoili i autoimmune NaI. Hooki i ka hana maʻamau a me nā mea a pau antigen-ka hōʻike keena, e like me ka mea i hoi iho mailoko o ia me ka mea hoʻomaʻi.

No ke aha la e au ka mea 'ole kōkua iā ia, maʻi?

Ka iho mailoko o ke kino produces neutralizing nā mea'aʻaʻa e ku e ia HIV. Eia naʻe, i ko lakou helu Ua loa kiʻekiʻe, a ma kekahi ano ka mea, i ole e hoomaluia me he stimulant no ka variability o ka mea hoʻomaʻi. Ma ia laua, i ka helu o ka synthesized nā mea'aʻaʻa, epitopes 'ano (moiety ike ia e ka lāʻau lapaʻau kino) mea hoʻomaʻi wahī, a me ka mea uuku ole, no kā lākou hana e hooiaio ai glycoproteins. Oia nā mea'aʻaʻa somehow poorly ike ma na keena o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea nenoaiu.

Ma kekahi mau hihia, na macrophages paʻa i ka mea hoʻomaʻi ka hiki e pāʻani aku me ka hou receptors ma luna o ka ili o ka pale umauma hoʻokahi keena, a komo i loko o ia mau mea ma ka endocytosis. Penei, ka humoral'ōnaehana paleʻea pane, o ka mea mana nui o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana ma HIV maʻiʻaʻai nō hoʻi ia moʻolelo i haki.

symptoms

Koke ike i ka maʻi, ua pilikia, no ka mea, ma na kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao kakahiaka o ka maʻiʻaʻai i ole symptoms. A mahope symptoms hiki ke hoopuni i hookahuli ai i nā maʻi. No ka laʻana, E hoomahuahua auanei lymph aka wahi, maʻi luhi a me ka nawaliwali, lilo o ka ikaika loa ka makemake, ke kaupaonaʻana poho, iaiyoe poho, foggy manao - a pau o kēia mau symptoms hiki ke kena ae la ia e'aiaola ia wā. A me keia, e like me ka manawa o ka hopena o HIV maʻiʻaʻai, a kōkua iā ia,.

No laila,ʻo kēia mau symptoms Pono e pakahi aku la ia e lohe: excessive sweating a ole, o ka oi aku i ka po manawa, i ka muli o nāʻano likeʻole o nā kiko a me rashes ma kaʻili, pokole o ka hanu a me ka kokololio me ka puʻu, wela, hoʻohuikau o maʻamau na naau oʻu kuleana pili i.

An nui neaiae ua manaoia e e ka māhuahua alapine (frequency) o ka hanana o fungal nā mea palahēhē. Ua pili i nā kiʻie, a ma ka herpes nā mea hoʻomaʻi, maʻiʻaʻai o ku una ha i ka lua, a me na mea e ae, No ia mea, i ka nānā aku i ka mea hookahi manawa hou no ka kēia mau symptoms ia mea nui no ka ho'āʻo,ʻaʻole e hōʻike i ka makahiki 'inikua examinations e diagnose kōkua iā ia, i ka manawa. 'Ole o ka maʻi ke hoike mai ai ia ia iho i kekahi manawa.

maʻi 'ikepili helu

I loko nō o ka hana o ka poe kumu, nä känaka 'epekema, ka lehulehu, kākoʻo hihia, o ka pilikia koe poorly lāʻau, a me ka stabilize i ke kahua a haawi mai ai i ka wa pono. E like me ka World Health Organization, i ka pau ana o na 80s a hiki i 2006, mai ka "maʻi o ka iwakalua kenekulia" pepehi oi ma mua o 25 miliona kanaka. No ka mea he nui, i kēia pilikia i oi huʻi. E like me ka 'ikepili hai i ka lahui hālāwai kūkā ma kōkua iā ia, i loko o ka makahiki 2010, oi aku mamua o 40 miliona kanaka i manaoia e e iho mailoko o nā moku halihali mokulele o ka maʻi. Kumu a me ka hopena o kōkua iā ia, e kūkākūkā ma luna.

ʻIkepili ma maʻiʻaʻai

Russianʻepekema-methodical mawaena konu o Anati-immunodeficiency maʻi pale i hāʻawi mai i ke kēiaʻikepili ma o ka iho mailoko o, mai 1994:

• 1994 - 887 kanaka;.
• 1999 - 30647 kanaka;.
• 2004 - 296 045 kanaka,;
• 2009 - 516 167 kanaka.

Ma ke kālailai mau aeaiiua, e mea hiki ke kumumea i nāʻano o ke ahulau. Hoikehonua, ke kaiāulu kanaka, a nō nele hou hoʻokolokolo 'kino o ka pā lonoaʻili i ka mea hoʻomaʻi konohiki i ua ole ai weliweli hopena o kōkua iā ia,. Ma ke kino o ka mea hoʻomaʻi hana i koe, ua maopopo io.

Lapaau a me ka Kāohi

Hoike HIV ka hiki i ka mea nui pilikia i loko o ka huli 'ana no ka aoao e kōkua iā ia, Inc. He nui ana o ka palekana i ka mea hoʻomaʻi nā mea palahēhē i pili me ka stimulation o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea'ōnaehana a me ka mea hoʻomaʻi ua pau loa ia 'aʻe kona wahi hana, a ma keia hihia ke alakai i ka unpredictable hopena.

He mea hiki ole i ke kaua HIV, luku a pau mailoko o ko lakou mau keena, no keia e alakai i ka irreversible poho o ka'ōnaehana paleʻea iaiyoe. 'O kēia ka hopena o kōkua iā ia,. Ma ka kanaka kino Pono e loaʻa kekahi mau waiwai'ē aʻe.

E olelo kuhikuhi ana i loko o ka ulu ana o kōkua iā ia, Inc - i ka huli 'ana no ka hoʻohana pono e uhi i ka replication o ka mea hoʻomaʻi i loko o ka wahi mua i ke kaʻina hana o ka aʻe Ekolu a, a me ia meaʻaneʻane mamao au ma ke eukaryotes. Ma keia kauoha, a me kekahi pomaikai nui. No laila, inā i loko o ka hope trimester o hāpai keiki, ka makuwahine lawe ai 'hookahi "AZT" a me "Lamivudine", i ke keiki i loko o 99% o ka hihia i ole hanau iho mailoko me HIV. Ka hoʻohana a loa antiretrotvirusnoy Inc ka wā o ka hoʻomanawanui e undergoing lapaau i ka mea ia manawa nana e hoole transcriptase inhibitor, a me ka protease inhibitor, hiki no ka makahiki, e 'ūlōlohi mai ana Holomua o ka maʻi.

ka hopena

Vaccination ku e kōkua iā ia, koe unrealistic, no ka mea, aole e möakäka hou he nui, ao ke ano o ka hopena o HIV ma ka'ōnaehana paleʻea nenoaiu. 'Aʻole i hōʻike i oi immunogenic epitopes o ka mea hoʻomaʻi nā polokina. I ka mämä holo o ka mutation o ka mea hoʻomaʻi mea i komo i ke kanaka kino ka loa kiʻekiʻe, a eliminates ka manawa kūpono o ka lōʻihi-makahiki hoʻomohala o vaccines, oiai pomaikai ole oe vaccination ke hoʻoulu i ka hooulu ana o ka maʻiʻaʻai. Mau mea i ka weliweli ka hopena ia i kōkua iā ia,.