Kola mākuʻe: i hala iho nei, hoʻokomo i kekahi, hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Ke kapakai o ke kola Peninsula i assimilated Finno-Ugric ohana ma o ka Stone Age. Ma hope iho o ka bapetizo ana o Rus mau aina i hele mai Novgorod colonizers, ka poe i hana i ka lawaia meaola holoholona a me ka lawaiʻa. Ma ke kapa o kekahi Lūkini kulanakauhale. Ma ka 17-19 kenekulia ka Peninsula heluna nohoʻano nui reindeer a me ka waiwai pio o ka iʻa (hanalima me ka unahiʻole). Ua Ua wale nō i loko o ka kakahiaka 20th kenekulia, ke kola Bay Ua ike like me ka KUMUMANAʻO NUI (aʻaʻole wale hoʻokele waiwai!) Nui. Aia Ua hoʻokumuʻia kekahi seaport - e ka mea nui i loko o ka Arctic Circle.

Leeuwerikplein wahi

Aia ma luna o ke awawa mokuna o ke kola Peninsula, Murmansk. Ua aie kona inoa Cola hooponopono i ua kaua kipi ma luna o ka eponymous muliwai paha i loko o ka 11th kenekulia. Piha hōʻike o ke awawa i hana Mihailom Frantsevichem Reyneke, ke poo o ka hydrographic huakaʻi, e makaikai i ka akau malina palena o ka Russian aupuni a pau i ka 1826.

Kola kai kūʻono - he Classic fjord, ololi (mai ka 200 m + i 7 km) a me ka lōʻihi (ma kahi o 57 km). Ua Ua maheleia lakou ma na ohana, ekolu kela mea keia mea o i mea okoa hohonu. I ka papa kuhikuhiE muliwai elua e kahe ana i loko o ke kai kūʻono, i kapaia o Tuloma a me Cola. Kapa hou lehulehu Hono (Ana Harbor Tyuva, Side). Ka wai kahi mea replete i mokupuni uuku. Murmansk a Severomorsk paʻa kūlanakauhale aia ma ka hikina kahakai o ke kai kūʻono, pali a me ka pohaku. Ma ka hou akahai, ma ke komohana o ke awa o ka Arctic. Na kapakai e pili ana ma ke alanui alahaka.

maoli anomalies

Kola kai kūʻono i kekahi pono: ka hoʻoilo ka wai ua i paʻahau hiki ina ka mahana ma lalo -20 ° ^C. Ma kai mehana o mau awawa ma mua ma luna o ka'āinapuniʻole, ke koena unuhi hiki e nui loa. O kŰia ua kauoha ae la ia e ka mehana pono, akā,ʻaʻole ma ke awawa Stream, e like me ka mea, manaʻo, a me kona hoomau - ka 'Akelanika' Ākau (North Cape). O ka papa, i ka mokuna o ka wai E pa ahau, akā, i ka Fairway mea mau hau-noa. Ia mea ke kumu ke kai kūʻono i ke kaʻakālai nui. The Hawaiian Sea ala ua loa pono no Rusia i ka First World War, oia hoomakaukau i ka loulou i ka Allies.

Awawa loa pa ahau ke i hou aku elima manawa i loko o ka mōʻaukala o nā loina. Hope manawa i kēia hiki loa nei - i loko o January 2015. Mahuahua i ka wahi a me ka mānoanoa o ka hau (i ka 10-15 knm ma na lehelehe a me ka uuku Hono) ka mea i kauoha aku e hooloihi ae i High. Ma hema kukuli kaikuono malama naulu la ka hau i ka 5 knm manoanoa.

Ke alahaka ma ke kola Bay

He umi makahiki aku nei, ua weheʻia ka ulia kaʻa uapo ma ke kai kūʻono 2,5 ei (mai a ka wai hele 1,6 km). He ua manaoia kekahi o ka loa nui, nā ma Rusia, a ma ka Arctic me ka mau. Ke kukulu i ole wale aneiai akā, i kaiapili manaʻo nui. Ke alahaka e loulou iho ai ke komohana wahi me ka Central Murmansk simplifies neʻe maila i loko o ke kikowaena, a kōkua ai i nāʻeleu AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN me ka mau hoalauna Scandinavian. He ua eha alaʻololī, a ua manaoia no hoi no iaoeo. Ma ka Akuma ka o ka 2014 i ka hale i kūkulu hou.

Kola Bay, Murmansk wahi haʻuki

No kekahi mau makahiki i ke alahaka i kekahi hana hoihoi mooolelo pili me ia. Eia hou kekahi, ia ua lilo ia he pola no keʻano o nā haʻuki a me ka lealea. Aia i mau i hoʻonohonoho 'ia ma ka Competition Paikikala a me ka paintball, a ma ke kauwela, i loko o June, ma ke kahakai hema o ke kaikuono ma ke alahaka hoomaka lōʻihi wela, i hele mai e komo i loko o ka marathon swimmers mai ma ka aina, a mai ka'āina kokoke.

It E e kaulana ia a hiki i ke kau o ka kola Bay mea,ʻaʻole he hoʻokipa: i ka mahana o ka wai i loko o ka mea, aole ia i oi aku mamua o 8 ^{° C} a me ka mehana ponoʻana aʻe 'auʻau' costumes ma ka hanana ua pāpā. Loa kō a me ka ikaika kīloi paʻewaʻikena. Ke'ī mai, ka "Murmansk ka mile" - he nui hoao no akvayserov ( 'âlapa, hana kūikawā ana ma ka' auʻau 'ana ma ke anu ka wai). Ua pono maikaʻi ola kino, ke ahonui, a me ka lōʻihi-manawa hana kūikawā aʻo.

lawaia

I ka 1803, ma ka Murman mokuna i hoʻonohonoho 'ia ma ka ai-i kapaia o White Sea Company no? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ka iʻa. Bay Ua lōʻihi Ua kaulana no kona nui. I ka ho omaulia Ua hana 'aneʻi, a me ka kai holoholona. Kēia Bay waiwai me ka nui loa depleted ma muli o ke? Aneie pilikia, a me ka nuipa a lawaia. Eia naʻe, iʻaneʻi ma laila nō nō maikai nā manawa kūpono no ka muliwai, a me ke kai lawaiʻa. Ka pale kaua? Ueo i loko o ke kai kūʻono e mau breeds like haddock,'iʻa, flounder, pollack a me ka herring. Ua kō a me ka pāpaʻi. Ma estuaries , e hiki ke hopu trout, Mike Char, whitefish, grayling, kukū ai a me ka pike.

Eia naʻe, muliwai lawaiʻa (i pono like no me ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka pāpaʻi) laikini ua koi 'ia. Eia hou kekahi, ia mea nui, e hoomanao ana i ka pomaikai o ka lawaia lakou aloha ia kalaka nui-diurnal iʻa o ke kola Bay. E like me ia Reinecke, ka mea, ua nui loa kekahi ', a hiki eha mau mika. He nui anglers makemake e loaʻa kekahi i loko o nā estuaries o ka muliwai no hoi, no ka mea, ua emi ua hoʻohaumiaʻia ma mua o ke awawa iho.

? aneie pilikia

Ioba hoʻouku a enrichment kanu, a me kaʻaila hana hoʻomau i ka i ka detrimental ia ma luna o ke kola Bay. Photo kona kai pinepine produces he ola manaʻo: na wahi a paila ka popo kūkuluʻia'ōpala hoʻi a me nā mea kanu, ua lōʻihi oki i ka hana. Murmansk awa koe kekahi o ka loa i haumia like o ka holopapa.

Ma nā māhele o ke awawa kulana o kānaka maikaʻi, akā, no ka lehulehu o hydrocarbons, hao, a me ke keleawe mamua i ke ana a me ka mea i ke kumu o ka maʻi o ka kūloko heluna. Kēia mea kaiapuni kapa'ōnaehana poe e hōʻoia mālama ana, a me ka modernization o ka lako a pan.