Kuʻihao kumuhana: ka ho'ākāka 'ana, characterization,? Iecaianoaaiiie, pūnaewele. I ka papa kuhikuhiE kuʻihao mea

Hoʻohui metala hale kuʻihao iaoia o ka loa e like me ka hana i loko o ka hana, mea kani-ana,? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ka hana a me ka lako a pan. Ma kuʻihao, i palapala hoopaa i ka surfaces elua ma hope o ka heheʻe o ka makua metala ma lalo o ka hana o ka wela. Pili palena manawa ka 'ilikai i hehee ai ho okumu i hope anuanu a me crystallization o ka weld, a surfacing. Ke kuʻihao mea ua hoʻolauna i loko o ka workspace consumable, he-e hali ana, ai '-consumable'ūholo uila kuʻihao, a me ke kinoea. I ana, pono no ka kuʻihao hana ua hana:

• ma ka hauneneʻe, neʻe i loko o ka piʻo, i loko o ka bata, solidification o ka metala i hoʻoheheʻeʻia ua hoomaluia;
• deoxidized a oka mea hiki ke hooheheeia, ka hōʻoiaʻana i ka Nine Inch haku mele 'ana o ke kila;
• wehe mai i ka hoopiha ulana oxides, slag, phosphorus a me ka luaipele;
• Free laumeki kaupaona ana o ka naikokene a me ka hydrogen.

Mea Maluna o ka mea no ka kuʻihao

A nui helu o nā koi 'ia no ka kuʻihao metala i huiʻia, inhibit kūlike loa Mea Maluna, akā, e hoʻolaha i ka kumu o filler pono hana like penei:

• filler uea no ka kuʻihao a me ka hana ana;
• no ka piʻo kuʻihao nā uila aʻa lolo;
• uea, a me ka una nā uila aʻa lolo no kuʻihao slag;
• Filler nā kumuhana discontinuous, ana, omo pauku;
• Filler unuhi, olokaa ae la, aole i lalau mai oka a ua mau laau la, a kaula, leki fused pauka-ka penaʻana;
• combustible kinoea, a me ka oxygen;
• kuʻihao i hoʻomākaukauʻia, ka mea'opihia;
• kinoea nā paukūʻolokaʻa no ka maʻiʻo;
• mīkini hana wāwahie e paka kalipuna carbide acetylene paha acetylene paukūʻolokaʻa ma lalo o ka puʻuwai;
• reducer no ka hoemi i ka puʻe o ka kuʻihao kinoea;
• lama no ka kuʻihao, e hoopaakiki, fusing me ke kau pu ana o ke ano o nozzles me ka okoa ka ho;
• Laholio hoses no o oxygen pohupani hale;
• Fluxes a me ka pauka, no ka kuʻihao.

Ke Kēhaupaʻa uea, papa a me ua mau laau la

Kēiaʻano o ka'ūholo uila hoʻohana i kinoea paleia lakou kuʻihao, submerged piʻo kuʻihao, electroslag. A kila uea like me ka kuʻihao mea, ua maheleia i kiʻekiʻe-oka a, haʻahaʻa-kalapona a me ka doped. Ma huina 77 laha 'ana o kēia mau huahana me ka nānā' ana i ka huina hoonui Aloha. Ma ke kohoʻana i ka makemake hao, hoʻololi ka Nine Inch haku mele 'ana o ka weld. Nui i hoʻohana haku mele 'ana o ka uea, like i ka waihona ipu metala. Pono e hoʻokō 'ano o ka kuʻihao mea me GOST, a hōʻike i ka'ōpala.

Oka a pau a me ka haʻahaʻa-kalapona ke kila no ka hana o ke keleawe-ʻaʻahuʻia uea e māheleʻia i loko o a me ke keleawe-noa. Ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka manuale kuʻihao uea, kua ia i loko o na apana o ka lōʻihi 360 a hiki i 400 mm o. Lako consumer palapala o he 20 i ka 85 kg. All coils i hoʻolako pono me ka i 'ae' hoike ana i ke Hookah, a me ka oaoieei-kiko'î o ka uea.

Papa i hoʻohana no ka electroslag kuʻihao. Piʻo kuʻihao ua hana hana lima ma ka mea o ka'ūholo uila metala koʻokoʻo me ka kūikawā ka penaʻana, a ua kapaia'ūholo uila. e māheleʻia nā nā uila aʻa lolo ke kaumaha ma muli o ka mānoanoa a me ka haku mele 'ana o ka waihoia, ahu iho a me ka hana a pau. Mānoanoaʻike pololei ai manoanoa, meakino a wiwi ka penaʻana. Ekolu pūʻulu ma ka GOST hookauwa aku, e puunaue i ka nā uila aʻa lolo ke kaumaha ma muli o ka manufacturing pololei a me ka maʻiʻo o ka luaipele a me ka phosphorus i loko o ka haku mele 'ana ka penaʻana. E kikokiko kuʻihao mea kapa komo iā ia me ka stabilizer, binders, deoxidizing, alloying eiiiiiaiou denoted ma ka palapala:

• ka penaʻana me kaʻakika mea hoʻonui - A;
• walaʻauʻana Classic mana - B;
• kelulose ka penaʻana mea hoʻonui - C;
• Blend mea o kaʻilikai - P.

Ole-consumable nā uila aʻa lolo a me nā koʻokoʻo welded i ka kuʻihao mīkini

No ka ai pili aku surfaces kinoea paleia lakou kuʻihao hoʻohana kūikawā mea. Hoʻoholo 'ana o kuʻihao ua hāʻawiʻia i ke kaʻina hana ka hoʻohana' ana i ka wela kahi he uila piʻo ma waena o ka'ūholo uila, a me kaʻili kai. Hoʻopoepoe nā uila aʻa lolo i ka tungsten me ke anawaena o ka 5-10 mm o ua iiaeaaony uila kala pono i ka piʻo wahi. E like me ka mea hoʻohana maemae tungsten a mea hoʻonui i pākuʻi lanthanum oxides, yttrium, paʻakai'okikene lua. Tungsten iho hiki ole e puku i ka oi pipiʻi metala, e like me ka mea o ka refractory, he kiʻekiʻe baila aʻela i wahi (5900 ° C), a ua hoʻohana no ka kuʻihao me ka pololei a me ka alternatingʻikena.

Ke hoʻohana no o oxygen

Oxygen ma ua kaumaha ia ma mua o ka ea ole, ka mea, ka paipai 'ana i ke'ā o kinoea, a ma ka ohu a me ka kiʻekiʻe wikiwiki, ka wela ua loaʻa a me ka kiʻekiʻe heheʻe wahi. AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN o'opihia oxygen ma me ka momoma mea kāhinu, a me lubricants alakai i ka noho'na makaainana i ulu mea hō'ā kaʻa a me ka Naita me ia, no laila, hana me nā paukūʻolokaʻa o ka o oxygen ua lawe mai ma ka maemae rula, me ka pilikia ana o ia mau mea hoʻohaumia. Waho pūnaewele o ka kuʻihao nā mea wela e like o oxygen ua hua mai la i kaʻaeʻana i ke ahi maluhia hae.

Kuʻihao oaoieei-oxygen ma ua loko mai o ka lewa. Ke ea lapaau ana i loko o kūikawā, hookaawale iho la apparatuses, impurities i ka weheʻana i carbon dioxide, ka hope loa huahana maloo. Wai o oxygen amo a me ka pūnaewele e noi mai ana kekahi pahu waihona me ka kiʻekiʻe thermal'īpale.

Hoʻohana 'ana o ka acetylene

Acetylene mea he huina lakou o ka o oxygen me ka hydrogen. Kēia combustible kinoea ma ka maʻamau ka mahana mea i loko o ka gaseous moku'āina. Colorless kinoea kekahi mau impurities ammonia a me hydrogen sulfide. He He pilikia flammable mea. Kuʻihao puʻe 1.5 kgf / knm ² paha kokololio hahana maoli nō kēia i ka 400 ° C ua lawa no ka Naita. Paka kinoea ma ka piʻo hookuuia, e pono ai i ke kaawale ana o ke kinowai combustible constituents a decomposition o ke kalipuna carbide ma lalo o ka hana o ka ona mau.

Acetylene kinoea ae pani ai

Na koi e ae kuʻihao mea i hoʻohana no ka paʻa o ke kinowai a me nā kinoea. Ka mea, i hoʻohana 'ia, ina i ka paio hahana maoli nō mahana aku i palua metala mahele heheʻe i ka' inideka. No ka mea'ā ana o kekahi mau ʻano o nā kinoea pono i kekahi dala o ke o oxygen komo i ka puhiʻino. e hoʻohana Flammable waiwai kahi o ka acetylene no o ko lākou haʻahaʻa lilo, a me ka manawa kūpono o ka laha? iecaianoaaiiuo. Ka mea, i hoʻohana 'ia i loko o nā hana, akā, no ka hoʻohanaʻana i ka papa haʻawina ua kaupalenaʻia kā lākou mau kŘpa a haʻahaʻa hahana maoli nō kēia'āina'ē.

Kaula a me ka kuʻihao fluxes

No ka mea kuʻihao uea i mea pili ike ole o nä unuhi mark. I ka ili o ka filler uea ua hana malimali a me ka paa ole i ka lepo, me ka unahiʻole, oil. Ua ua wae mai o ka heheʻe inideka i mea haahaa i ano o welded kila. Kekahi o ka qualitative waiwai o ka uea o kona gradual me ka pahikakiwi oi heheʻe ejectionʻehu. E like me he koe, ina i koi uea no kuʻihao keleawe, ke kēpau pōkā, keleawe, kuhiliʻole kila ua hoʻohana 'kua ia mea hiki ke hooheheeia loloa o ka ua mea ia e hoopaa ana.

I ka kuʻihao ke hooheheeia e like me Aluminum, makanekiuma, keleawe, ke keleawe, e hoolei hao, he mea kaʻeleu ~ AaOIeIOUIeXAOAaIN waihoʻoluʻu mōlina me ka o oxygen, mai ka lewa a me ka oxidizing lapalapa ahi. Ke naoh hiki aku ai i ke kahua o ka oxides me kiʻekiʻe mahele heheʻe i ka mea nui, a ho okumu ana i nā palapala Auana, a complicate hoʻololiʻia ma luna o ka ili i loko o ke kinowai moku'āina. Kuʻihao mea i kapaia koko, oia hoi o ke kāpili ma luna a me ka lepo o ke kupono haku mele 'ana, hoʻohana' ia e hoʻopale ai i ka hoʻoheheʻeʻia wai puna ili honua. Ka mea Ua boricʻakika, calcined borax. Fluxes mea i hoʻohana 'ia i loko o kuʻihao oka a steels.

Ka Maluhia o ka wai o ka wepa

Maalea no ka pale 'ana i ka laholio ohe, a me ka kinoea mīkini hana wāwahie mai ka hoi ana mai o ka aʻe ke ahi burners i kapaia o ka puka pā. Olelo no ka kuʻihao lako ua nānā 'ia ka wai e hei ai lakou ua kūkulu ia i ka oxygen ma, aole ia i ignite paha acetylenically kaumaha i loko o ka lua puhiʻino a me ka lama. Wai e hei ai lakou mea pono e noho i loko o ka mea hoʻonohonohoʻia, ka mea, o ke ahi palekana koi ua pono hana.

Ka panina ua kau ma luna o ka nahā i waena o ke kukui a me ke kukui, e like me ka olelo ia mea i loko o maikai ana, a i kekahi manawa piha i ka wai i ke kiʻekiʻe wahi. Kēia mea o ka papa kuhikuhiE kaapuni o ka kuʻihao lako a pan.

Nā paukūʻolokaʻa no ka papaa o'opihia kinoea

Nā paukūʻolokaʻa i ke kila moku paukūʻolokaʻa shape. Ke conical puka i loko o ka'ā'ī kuleana Ua paʻa pani-aku kiwikā ma ka pae. Hui hoʻonui pā pōhaku i Aloha Bikini ano, a ua oka a ka mea kalapona kila. HW hoʻopauʻo ia ka mea e hiki ai e ike i ke 'ano o ke kinoea waiho maloko. Oxygen ma ua kaʻi aku i ka uliuli moku, acetylene nā paukūʻolokaʻa pena keokeo, yellow-uliuli tint o mai la hydrogen maʻiʻo, e hoonoho iho i ka noho combustible kinoea i loko o ka ulaula ipu.

Ma luna o ke kinoea paukūʻolokaʻa i palapala nameplateʻikepili. Waho pūnaewele koi o ka kuʻihao lako prescribes nā paukūʻolokaʻa hoʻouka kekahi hoʻopapakū a ua paa i ka paia pūliki koa. Paukūʻolokaʻa kiwikā no ka papaa o ka o oxygen ua i ke keleawe, ua i aeia ma muli o ia ka popopo o nā mea i loko o ka gaseous meakino kila hoʻohana. Nā manuʻioʻio acetylene kinoea nā paukūʻolokaʻa i ke kila, ka mea, ua papaia e ka hoʻohana ke keleawe a me ke keleawe ulaula oka a pau i loaʻa ka oi ma mua o 70%. Acetylene ano he pahū ukuhiia i loko o ka huipūʻana me ke keleawe.

kinoea gearboxes

Oia kuʻihao nā like reducer lawelawe 'ana i ka Hoʻihoʻi i ke kinoea puʻe mai ka paukūʻolokaʻa, a malama i ke anakahi i kekahi mau pae oiai ka holoʻokoʻa hana manawa nānā' ole o ka ka ho'ēmiʻana o ka puʻe i loko o ka hoʻonuiʻia. Reducers hookuu pālua-keʻena a me ka hookahi-keʻena. Ka mua ka hana nui ka maiau, ka'aloʻahiʻa ua malamaia no mau, a aole hoi e pa ahau oiai e hooloihi ae i hoʻohana kinoea nā mea huihuina. No ka hoolako kinoea i ka puhiʻino i laholio kaukini loloa me ka lole naʻau i kekahi, i ka mua ho'āʻo o ka ikaika a me ka poo mea keʻakeʻa, e like me ka mea i kūikawā palapala. Kaawale pili hoses no o oxygen, a acetylene. No ka kerosene a me ka kakolina waiho i lole a o ka mea hoʻopale i ka kakolina.

Olelo no ka mea no ka kuʻihao

No kekahiʻano o ka kuʻihao mea i hoʻohana i kulike ai me ka ikaika lakou mau hae, a maopopo hōʻike i nā koi no ka ae a me ka hooponopono ana. All aoao i hele aku ai i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o kuʻihao consumables ma ka hola i lako me ka palapala hoakaka ana i ka oaoieei-kiko'î:

• kakauinoa Hookah huakūʻai lako;
• hōʻailona oia hoi o ka palapala a me nā helu e hōʻike i ka hao a me ka 'ano;
• ka pūkaʻina helu o ka heheʻe o ka aoao a me ka loli;
• anakahi 'ole i kaʻilikai moku'āina o ka'ūholo uila uea;
• ka Nine Inch haku mele 'ana o ka oka a me ka pakeneka PAaIEN;
• mechanical e ano o ka kūpono weld ulana;
• upena kaumaha.

General olelo no a pau o na nā uila aʻa lolo i stably ke ahi. Piʻo, pono-i hana ulana Metal hardfacing loaa hoʻopili like i ka hoʻoholo ma mua Nine Inch haku mele 'ana, heheʻe i ka lāʻau hahau ka wā e hana ana i ua kōā kaulike ole splashing a me excretion oʻawahia waiwai. Uea paipai 'ana i ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o kiʻekiʻe-kbps kuʻihao, ka slag ua wehe' ia mai ke ami 'ilikai hoopuni ulana ka penaʻana mea mau nō. Nā uila aʻa lolo hoakaka i waiho ai no ka lōʻihi manawa.

E hana i ka kuʻihao kaʻina au mamuli. Radio ke hoʻohana i kona mea e like mea i loko o ka hana nui i kūlana ma ke kaʻina hana o ka hale lio, a mau nō metala i huiʻia.