Light mokulele Yak-12: hoakaka, kiʻi, mōʻaukala o ka honua nei

Ma ka 1940s, ka Soviet alakaʻi i aponoia i ka manao no ka hooulu ana a me ka ho'āla houʻana o ka hoʻokele waiwai aupuni. E like me ia iā ia, Ua loli nui nā loli i nā mahiʻai kaiaulu. I mea e hoʻoikaika pest hooponopono ana a me ka sanitation lawelawe i ka heluna hoomaka ae la e 'Imi hoʻomōhala i ka lewa laina. Kēia i kūpono ai i loko o ka muli o kekahi o ka malamalama i ka manawa o ka mokulele kiko'ī. Ua mea o ka mokulele me ka Yak-12.

Mōʻaukala o ka hanaia'na

Na Yak-12 He he nunui-manaʻo amo kaa papahana ma ka manao Buro ma lalo o ke alakaʻi o A. S. Yakovleva. Ma hope oʻana e ho'āʻo ai i ka 1946, hoomaka ae la ka hanaia'na o ka maunakea i ka nuipa a-hua. Akā, i kekahi o ka ikea ai ke kahu moku, ke ole e hoopae ai i ka mokulele ma luna o ka wahi hoakakaia kino e Stalin, a me ka pūkaʻina? Iecaianoaaiiuo o ka mokulele kükohu i hele aku. I loko nō o ka mea i ka manao o ka mokulele Yak-12 mokulele i waena o nā kaa ana o ia manawa i kekahi o ka mea maikaʻi a me ka hewa ua ma ka aoao o ke kahu moku,-unahiʻole, i? Iecaianoaaiiuo laila, i ka luna o ka make wale nō ma hope.

I ka manao o ka mokulele mīkini

Initially, ka mokulele ua papahana no ka Air Max like me ka papalua mīkini, hiki ke hana hui hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a pili pilikia. Yak-12 i kekahi poʻe'ē he kūkulu: no ka hana o ka fuselage kumu hoʻohana hromansilevye welded paipu. Duralumin mōlina Ua i mau-i hookoe mai i eheu, tailplane a me ailerons. Ia lakou iho eheu a me ka huelo pauku i koli iho la i kapa. Eʻoki i ka kakaka hoʻohana duralumin. Wood i ke kumu no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka wehe 'ana o formwork pelane. Hui hoʻomaʻemaʻe maunakea mīkini Ua lako pono me ka paa Dural fender liner. E emi ai ka ia'ku i loko o ke kaʻa no a hiki i ka pyramidalʻano, ka mea i kaa kūikawā leki - kanaka.

Mokulele kāpena no a hiki i ke kaʻa 'ano a me ka hiki lawa mai i eha kanaka. Inā pono, konaʻaoʻao'ākau hoʻokumu i kekahi stretcher e lawe aku i ka eha. Most mua mokulele Yak-12 i lako pono me ka engine M-11FR 160 nā lika. i kekahi. a ho'ēmi. Over manawa, me ka 'ole o ka mokulele i auou caiaiai laau Aluminum.

naue like

Yak-12 pelane i ua hoʻomano hoʻohana i ka mahiai. Me ke kōkua o kēia mīkini i i kahikoia a nani o ka mea kanu fertilizers, seeding, pollination o ka ulu a me ka mahinaʻai. Ua hiki no hoi e malama nei me ka ambulance. Na Yak-12 Ua hoʻohana me he unahi kona lawe a me ka towing. E like me ka ohua transporter o keia mokulele ua maikaʻi ma luna o nā nīnūnē? Ooia. Ka mīkini Ua papahana no mau ohua a me ka hiki ana o withstanding ka haawe ana, aole ia i oi aku mamua o 350 kilograms. Ke hoʻomalu o ke kula no ka parachuting i hoʻohana i ka Yak-12.

I ka manaʻo a me ka manao ana o ka mokulele multipurpose mīkini wehewehe aku ma kona pono io a me ka ruggedness i ana, o ka mua o ka Radio wahi a me ka manaʻo, ka hele 'ana no de i ka po, a ma ka adverse ino ana. Ma waho aʻeo i ka Soviet Union, ka mokulele i ua hoʻohana ma Kina, a Poland, ma i kona hua me PZL-101 Gawron.

hōʻikeʻano

Yak-December 1947 hilo i ua koo aku vysokoplanom hoʻohana engine M-11FR. ka mokulele manao hiki i ka two- a ekolu-kūloko kāpena. Yak-12 i mua papahana like me ka papalua. 'ēheu struts i V-hoʻokino, a converge ma kekahi wahi no ka Haka pono i ke kaʻa. Ma ka loaa i ka paʻa slat duralumin nui kaua makau ia mea,ʻaʻole pilikia loa. Hou pyramidal kaʻa (ho'āʻo ai i ka Yak-10) iloko o ka kūikawā leki-hoʻopaneʻe 'ia ana, i hiki mai kela a me keia huila a hiki i ka laholio iauae-oaie aooa.

Ka papa wawahi iho la ua hana ia me ka papa huila 6 m 18 knm, a me ka huelo 20 m 11 knm, a hiki ke pili Ski. Management nā uwea holo. Aia ma luna o ka'ēheu slats kekahi hoʻoikaika i ka waiwai o ke awa, a me ka maikaʻi hopena ma luna o laila i ka lele.

Na Yak-12: hoakaka

• Lōʻihi - 8,36 m.
• Kiekie - 3,76 m.
• Wingspan - 12 m.
• 'ēheu Area - 21,60 ka m ^2.
• Mokulele kaumaha - 830 kg.
• Oluolu ke kaupaonaʻana (kekahi e hiki ke hookiekieia) ua 1450 kg.
• Kiko'ī - 1PD M-11FR.
• I kā mākou māmā - 194 km / h.
• Cruising māmā - 169 km / h.
• Landing māmā - 90 km / h.
• E hookomo oe - 1h160 kn.
• Ka mokulele ua papahana no 4-hola mahuka ana.
• Holo huahelu - 760 ei.

Yak-12 nā loli

Model mokulele ua wehewehe aku ma ka nanea o ka hana, no laila, e hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia ma maunakea kula me ke kanaka aʻo. Ma waho aʻeo ia aʻo, ia mea hiki ke hana 'ē hana ke kaumaha ma muli o ka mana:

• Yak-12B ua manaoia e ia i ka wale kekahi manawa me ka OHR i 35 mau mika o ke takeoff mamao. I ka manao o ka engine i hoʻolako pono me ka AI-14RF, ka mea nona iho, he 300 nā lika. i kekahi.
• Yak-12C - ka lewa ambulance e lawe aku i kaʻeha o ke kanaka.
• Yak-12SKH - hoʻokolohua o ka mokulele no ka mahiʻai hana. Ua hanaʻia pollination o ka uliuli hakahaka a me kaʻawa pesticides. Ka mea i manao ai ua lako pono me ka kūikawā pahu aia ma lalo o ka fuselage.
• Yak-12R - mokulele no ka Air Max. Launch - pü. Ka mea i manao ai nā hiʻona i ka ikaika engine AI-14P (260 ho'āo ai. C.). Ka huelo ona kuleana, ua lako pono me ka opener - kūikawā wawahi makau, a Poho i ke awa pae ma ka primer, hoemi kona holo kaʻa kālā.

no ka hana hou

Ka loa mua kekahi ua noʻonoʻo i ka hana o ka mokulele Yak-12. Mokulele kükohu i loko o nā loli A akaaka malu loli me ka manawa:

• Mau'ēheu kēia trapezoidal shape, a ua lako pono me slats, ec kekahi canting.
• Wahie pahu: ka hoomahuahua i ka nui.
• Kaʻa hana hoʻoikaika.
• Helm loaa pū shape.
• Cockpit. Ma frontal a me kaʻaoʻao glazing huahelu, e hoʻoikaika 'i ka manao. A nui hou ma ka kāpena olioli i ukuia a hiki i ka hoʻohana 'ana i paheeʻili DIY. Ka allowable kaumaha i hiki ke hoala mai Yak-12A, ua 1588 kg. Ma muli o ka loli ma ka pelane o ka'ēheu me ka nui loa hou aerodynamics, mahuahua ka mämä holo o ka 30 km / HR a me ka holo ana i ka laulā.

hou hou

Ka mea, hoopa iho la i ka hope fuselage a me ka lōʻihi o ka mīkini.

• Yak-12M ua mahuahua mai ai i 9 mau mika.
• Ka manao Ua hoʻolauna a eliminated forkil opener.
• Front kaʻa mua fuselage a me ka'ēheu strut kila ikaika.
• Neaa wehe auou caiaiai i ka laholio.
• Kāpena i loko o ka Hoʻololi 'Yak-12 ua papahana no ekolu ohua.

He aha loli i i?

Ma muli o ka loli ma ka mokulele i hakuloli:

• No ka mahiʻai hana. 'Oe ke kau aku i ka pono lako a pan no, elua no hora i loko o ka mīkini manao.
• E lawe mai ola pilikia. Aia ua lawa i manawa e lawa, ma ka hou ana i mau pailota, kekahi kauka a me ka eha.
• E lawe mai aʻo Lele. Loko o luna ma kaʻaoʻao'ākau o ka footrest alleviates keia pilikia.

Mokulele no ka Soviet Air Max

Yak-12R Ua hoʻohanaʻia hoʻi ka Soviet Air Max like me ka liaison a me ka kaa. No keia hopena, i hoʻolako pono i ke kumu hoʻohālike me ka ikaika Hawaii AI-14P (260 ho'āo ai. C.), A me ka hoʻohewa-VISH 539L-11. Wood paneling Ua UAIAaIN e duralumin. I mea e emi ka lōʻihi o ke alanui ma unpaved'āina i 50 mau mika ma Yak-12R wehe 'ia ke peleki pāʻana hō i mua neo? Aaiiai? Ka mua huila ma ka hope. Ke kāpena Ua papahana no ekolu ohua. Mokulele ke kaupaona hiki 912 kg.

kanaka aʻo mana

I kakahiaka nui 1959, hoomaka ae la ka Soviet poʻe akamai, e e ulu mokulele okŘkohukohu Yak-12 Ut. Kona manao ua e lńkou koa pailota e lawe mai pae ma luna o nā mea. No keia hopena, ke kāpena i ua lako pono me:

• Ka lua o kau, hiki ana'ku e holo i ka mokulele engine Yak-12 Ut, a me ka hana na wawae lima a me ka pāʻana o.
• Radio poaihaele nei pahu-5.
• Nohie 'ia paha o chap-48 lako a me i i ka pae makapo.
• Marker pa alima MRP-48.
• Radio altimeter RV-2.
• HSC-1500 mīkini hana wāwahie. Me ka mea i hiki mai ai hana hoʻomoʻa lako a pan.

hoʻokolohua

I ka makahiki 1950, i ka Yak-12 i hoao i loko me ka GC NIIVVS, a ua pono no na kula holo ana o ka Air Max me ka hoʻokō okŘkohukohu no ka ke kahu moku aʻo. Ma ka ia wā koke nō i hōʻike ':

• 1700 Hope no minuke kōmi 'hōʻike nawaliwali makani mana mīkini hana wāwahie GSK-1500.
• Ke kukuna hoʻohana me ka lawa nona iho - ka pa alima i hana wale i ole e oi aku 1850 mika ke kiekie.
• Ka laulā o ke panana, he 160 km. Ua uaʻAʻole lawa, e like me ke Komisina i aku i nā koi o ka ma ka liʻiliʻi loa 180 mika.

ka hoao i loko o June ma hope, ua koho hou i loko o October o ka hookahi makahiki. Ma hope o ka pau 'ana o ka Yak-12 i lako pono me ka Ut:

• huila makani ala, WA-5 No ka mea, i i wehewehe aku e kekahi loli ma ke kukulu ana i na huhui i holo;
• huapalapala T-shape kukuna hana ka pono i kekahi kiekie.

I ka makahiki 1952, keia mokulele i ana hala i ka hou hoao. Aka hoi, wahi i loko o ka palapala ka mea, aole ia i hou i ka Yak-12 Ut.

Hui hoʻomaʻemaʻe Laʻana mokulele

Yak-12C 1948 hoʻokuʻu ua manaoia hui hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻokolohua o ka mokulele i loko o kēia moʻo. I ka manao o keia mokulele mīkini i hakuloli e lawe aku i ka hoʻomanawanui. Ma kaʻaoʻao hema o ka lei i hoonohonoho stretcher. No nā loli i loko o ka Yak-12 A i ole i. Blank pelane kaupaona 852 kg, a mea hiki ke pale aku i ka haawe i ka 380 kg. Ua Ua hookomoia kūikawā? Ieaoa paona, a ua like me 22 kg. Yak-12S kaʻi aku 'inikua wahie, o ka mai a hiki i 175 kg a me kona mea kiko'î a ua maikaʻi ma mua o 2c.

E ka pelatano me kā lākou mau lima

Me ka pono mea, e hiki e ke Yak-12 mai homemade potolochki (palena pōhakuʻula extrusion o polystyrene). Ma ke alo o ka mea e pono ai na mea paahana, a iāʻoe māhele e Makuakane me keia i ka hanaia mea,ʻaʻole paʻakikī.

Nā Pono Hana, lako a pan a me ka hoʻokuʻu loa

E hana pono ia mau mea:

• potolochka mānoanoa o 0.5 knm;
• kūikawā glue no ka palena nā kile;
• 10 ml 'ohe;
• nunui-i nā pōpō lola;
• uea anawaena 0,1 knm;
• A4 a lahilahi o ka pepa.

Mea Hana 'koi' ia:

• i lalo papa, i mea kupono i ka hana;
• Kālana pahi;
• mika laina;
• mako.

māhele:

• ka uila Hawaii mea i emi iho malalo o 1100 rpm;
• i kekahi o na pu ki 12 volts;
• kekahi propeller.

Omaka. E hana me ka Nails

Mua oe i hoʻomaka, e pono e i ka manao o ke pehea 'oe makemake RC Kekoa Yak-12. ? Aeiiaiaiaaia e kiʻi i ka pono nō. Nails paiia mai no ka pono e haawiia pūkaʻina helu. A laila, ka mea i decomposed i kulike ai me ka helu ma ka palahalaha ili.

? Iecaianoaaiiuo o lāliʻi no ka mea huahana

Ma ke kumu o Nails, e hiki ke hoomau aku i ka excision o ka mea kupono wahi. Pono, ina o ka ukana i ka nui helu o ka pololei laina. Ma keia hihia, ka mea, ua manaoia maʻalahi.

E hana me ia i ka unuhi, e pono i ke kuikele. E ho ohana ia, punctures hoʻopaʻa 'a pau i ka pana pua. A laila, i ka laina i i hoonohoia mai kekahi puncture a hiki i ka ae ma ke kālana pahi i ka pepa oä. Ua i loko o kaʻina like loa me ka unuhi 'aʻole i hanaʻia loa makaukau no ka tuko i kekahi hapa o ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka mokulele. Me kā lākou ka ponaʻana mea nui ka hōʻoia 'ana i aʻole i' aʻe i nā Ana a me ka anahonua o ka wā e hiki mai kükohu.

Kēlā me kēia pepa i hoʻokali kūpono 'keu māhele e pono e eʻokiʻia. E like me ka hopena, e maikaʻi loa e hui hakina o ke 'ole i kekahi i kekahi. Wale ma hope o ia me ke kōkua o ka 'ohe hiki ke i o ko lākou ka ponaʻana.

i ua ahakanaka la

• A hiki i kaʻaha kanaka o ke huahana mea nui e hōʻoia i kaʻaoʻao i ua laminekaʻia a hiki i ka pā 'ana.
• An nui kēia lākiō ua manaʻo kaʻaeʻana nui oki wahi me nā Ana i loaʻa he rechargeable o na pu ki - ia i e oi ma mua o lokoʻino i loko o ka unuhi. ? Aeiiaiaiaaia e lawe mai ana i ka luna.
• No ka paa ka ponaʻana mea kupono e hana mau mākia, a me ka hope wahie.
• hiki ke hoʻohana 'ia no ka ape ma şarkı ho okumu ana o ke koi' ia hoʻohei.
• Mahope, i ka ka ponaʻana a pau o ka ka hoʻomaopopoʻana māhele Yak-12. Radio-lāʻau ÷ mokulele, kahi i holo ua pinepine pili me ke kulu ma ka pono o ka hooikaika ana i ka 'ole.
• E ka pā o ka manufacturing o huahana e kōkua kilo lola.
• paipai'ā'īʻoʻoleʻa uea no ka hoʻopili i nā servos.
• Motorama, a hoonoho i ka Hawaii e e i ka lahilahi plywood. No ka mea, he mea nui kupono e paa ai nā kui nao.
• I ka wa e kaawale aku o kekahi'āpana o ke plywood hiki no hoi ia e hoʻohana 'ea, Aluminum a hua. ʻO ka papa kuhikuhiE mea o ia ka mea, he mea paakiki. Ua mea kupono i ke kaumaha o ke kükohu i ole hou aku 600 nā huna.
• Launch o ka huahana ua? Aeiiaiaoaony e hana i ka hikina o kona mau lima.
• Kanu pono e hana, e hoʻomaka i ka'ōpū o ka pelane ma ka pahee ili. No keia kumu kohoʻia e lele aku ma luna o ka huila manao.

Kāki Ford kālele 3008 Pegout a like me ke kumukuai o ka mokulele puke i haku ai, e like me ka Yak-12. For the manaʻo ma lalo nei ho hiʻona o kona paia waho manao. Akā, he mea pono e hoʻomanaʻo aʻela ia ka hoʻololi 'ia huaʻokoʻa.

I ko makou manawa, ka Yak-12 A ua noʻonoʻo i ka rarity. Ua hiki ke loaʻa ma ka Waihona Noʻeau o maunakea lako a pan.