Microflora o ka wai. A kulu o ka wai ma lalo o ka microscope. I ka haku mele 'ana o ka wai

mea pono Natural ka wai i ka 'ia i loko o a lehulehu microorganisms mahuahua hoʻomaka koke, a no ka mea, o ka microflora o ka wai aole i oki iki ia ia i ka mea o ka noonoo ana o ke kanaka. Pehea intensively ka mea, o nui, ka mea hilinaʻi nui ma luna o na mea he nui aʻe. Ma maoli ka wai ua mau mea hoʻoheheʻe i loko o ka kekahi nui o ka mea pōhaku a me ke aloha 'ona, i malama like me ka ano o ka "ai", hoalohaloha aku ia i ka mea, a me nā mea a pau microflora o ka wai. I ka nui a me ka mea e like ai ka haku mele 'mikroobitateley loa like. Ka apuepue ka wa pau ole, ua hiki ole ke olelo i keia i ka wai i loko o kekahi aoao a me kekahi kumu paha - maemae.

artesian ka wai

Key ole artesian wai - lola honua, akā, i aʻole i manaʻo 'ia he mea ole anakahi iki-meaola i loko o ia mau mea. Ka mea, i nakinaki aku la ia i ka i, a me ka mea, ke hilinai i ke ano o ka lepo, me ka lepo, a me ka hohonu o ka aquifer. Na malalo iho - ka wai microfloraʻuʻuku iho kona waiwai, akā, ua 'aʻole i manaʻo' ia ia mea 'ole-existent.

Ka loa nui na dala o ka koʻohune loaʻa iʻike mau punawai i mea hohonu lawa i ka mea, i ole leakingʻilikai mea hoʻohaumia. Ka mea, ua loaʻa pinepine ia akulla 'a me pathogens. Ke kiekie i ka lepo, ka wai, ka wai mikloflora waiwai a me ka oi nui. Aneane pau wai kino, haʻalele akula overly kapiia i ka paakai i waiho lola honua no nā haneri o ka makahiki. Nolaila, loa mamua e hoʻohana pono wai i wae 'ia.

'ilikai i ka

Open ka wai, oa ili honua wai - na muliwai, o ic ??, Reservoir, loko, 'ūnelunelu, a no laila, ma luna o - i ka hale paʻa' Nine Inch haku mele 'ana, a no ia mea, i ka haku mele' ana o ka microflora loaʻa i enormously like. Keia mea no ka mea, na kulu o ka wai ka haumia a me ka hale a me ka hanalima neoneo ka pinepine, a me ka iho o awi aku limu. Eia e akoakoa mai ka ua lua i pele, e lawe mai ana i ka nohona microcosm o ka aina, e hele mai iʻaneʻi a me ka neoneo wai hola a me ka hola? Iecaianoaaiiuo.

Ka poʻe me nā'okanikaʻole a me ke aloha contaminants lawe Reservoir, a me ka nui nui o microorganisms, me pathogens. E like no kaʻanoʻenehana hana ua hoʻohana 'ia ka wai, e like me GOST 2874-82 (i loko o kekahi mililika me o ka wai e ole e oi aku mamua o ka haneri koʻohune keena no hano - i oi aku mamua o ekolu keena o Escherichia coli.

Pathogens

Oia ka wai ma lalo o ka microscope, ke kanaka noiʻi mea he helu o causative Luna o intestinal nā mea palahēhē e hoomau no ka hala loa o ka manawa virulent. No ka laʻana, i ka maʻamau piula wai ka wai, i ka causative Agena o ka hi koko viable i ka lā iwakālua-ehiku, typhoid kuni - i ke kanaiwa-ekolu lā, cholera - i me ka iwakāluakumamāwalu. A i loko o ka muliwai ka wai - ekolu a eha manawa hou! Typhoid wela ua hooweliweli maʻi hoʻokahi haneri makahikiʻekolu lā!

Pathogenic microflora o ka wai, ua pono ua hoʻonānā, a ma ka hihia o ka popilikia, a hiki i hoike quarantine - ka wā o ka make māinoino o outbreaks o ka maʻi. O ke kūpaleʻana mahana pepehi loa microorganisms. Paʻahau wai kulu mālama i kekahi mau pule i hala loa viable koʻohune typhus pae, a me keia hiki ke hookupaa iho la ia hoʻohana 'ana i ka microscope.

helu

Ka helu o nā microbes a me kā lākou 'ole i ka hamama ka wai ka pololei e kaukaʻi ma ka Nine Inch reactions lawe wahi ma laila. Loa hou inu i ka wai i loko o microflora kokoke loa populations o Hawaiian kulekele. I kekahi mau manawa o ka makahiki e hoʻololi i ka haku mele 'ana, a me ka mea, he nui no hoi na kumu no ka loli i loko o kekahi olelo a me kekahi. Ke cleanest Reservoir apo ia mai i kanawalu pakeneka o ka cocci koʻohune i waena o nā mea a pau meaola. Ka i koe, he iwakalua - ka hapanui koʻokoʻo baktenii bessporovye.

Kokoke hanalima kanu a nui noho i loko o ka cubic kenimika o ka muliwai wai, he nui nā haneri o nā tausani a me miliona o koʻohune. Where noho maikai ana Ua kokoke malaila - ma ka taiga a me ka mauna muliwai - i ka wai ma lalo o ka microscope hōʻike pono haneri, a me na tausani o koʻohune i loko o ka ia kulu. Ke stagnant wai microorganisms maoli ai nui oi loa kokoke i ke kai, akā, i loko o ka luna, ahu iho, a me ka wai i loko o ka sludge ma ka lalo. Yl - He hoʻoulu no ka koʻohune mai i ka palapala ho film ua hanaʻia, ma muli o ia i ka hapanui o ka huli ana keʻano o ka hanaʻana a me ka 'ona i loko o nā mea a pau o ka wai i hana microflora maoli wai. Ma hope o ua kaumaha a me ka wai puna wai no hoi maoli i ka helu o ka koʻohune i loko o nā mea a pau o ka Reservoir.

"Flowering"? Aieeeua

Inā wai meaola hoʻomaka e ulu i ka nui na mea, e hiki i nani nui poino. Microalgae paʻi hoʻomaka koke, e hiki aku ai i ka ai-i kapaia kaʻina hana o ka wai ua pua i nā. Oia hoi, ina ia he mea mea,ʻaʻole nui ma ka pālākiō, ka organoleptic waiwai deteriorate ikaika, e hiki e poino kānana i ka wai? Iie noaioee, wai haku mele 'ana o ka microflora Aʻole' ae 'ia i ia noʻonoʻo potable.

Pakahi aku la ia nā palapala ma ka nui ulu kekahi mauʻano o ka uliuli-uliuli līoho: ka mea, e hookomo ana i na pilikia, mai irreparable lilo o ka holoholona a me ka iʻa kaʻapu kōheoheo i ka loa kanaka maʻi. Together me ka "flowering" o ka wai, na rula no ka hooulu ana i keʻano o ke anakahi iki-meaola - protozoa, fungi, nā mea hoʻomaʻi. Ia pu, i keia - microbial plankton. No ka mea, o ke kanaka hana Radio he kūikawā a Mānoa microflora wai microbiology o kekahi o ka loa nui like o ka 'epekema.

Ke koʻana koko meakino a me kona ano

Ke qualitative haku mele 'ana o ka microflora mea pololei e kaukaʻi ma ke kumu o ka wai ia iho, mai ka papa mai o microscopic meaola. Aia nā wai, ili honua - muliwai, kahawai, o ic ??, loko, Reservoir, a he ano no lākou haku mele 'ana o ka microflora. Ma lola honua, e like me ua oleloia, ke kaumaha ma muli o ka hohonu o ka nui a me ka haku mele 'ana o nā microorganisms ua hoʻololi. Aia i ka lewa ka wai - ka ua, he hau, hau, a i pihaʻi me kekahi microorganisms. Aia nō ka paʻakai o ic ?? a me ke kai, ma kahi e, niioaaonoaaiii, ka hoʻomaopop 'ana i loko o ia ka kaiapuni mikloflora.

Wai hiki ke ike okoa no hoi ma ke ano o ka hoʻohana '- ka mea, ua inu (ka kūloko ka wai lako a Apana, i ua ia mai ka lola honua kumu ole mai ka hamama Reservoir ka wai' auʻau loko, hau lako e, ka ai a me ka 'inikua nānā' ana i kaʻaoʻao ola kauoha wastewater lākou, hoi, e hoʻolaha: ... hanalima, wahi lulu, fecal i hui (ka mau ano ma luna), kaumaha, a thawed. microflora wastewater mau contaminate maoli ka wai.

Ke ano o ka microflora

Microflora Reservoir māheleʻia e like me ka haawi mai koʻana koko meakino i loko o nā pūʻulu. Kēia iho - autochthonous a allochthonous wai meaola, 'o ia hoʻi, hāʻule ma ka mea hoʻohaumia, mai ka waho. Mau ola, a? Aneii i loko o ka wai autochthonous microorganisms haku mele 'ana reminiscent o ka lepo microflora, Hawaiian a lalo, a me a ka wai ke hele mai i loko o ka leo. I Kekahi Mau wai microflora he aneane mau Proteus Leptospira, nāʻano likeʻole o ka mea, Micrococcus candicans M. roseus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Bacterium aquatilis mail mum ka, Sarcina lutea. Anaerobes i loko o ka ole he haumia wai na poe e na? Ueony Clostridium, Chromobacterium violaceum, B. mycoides, Bacillus cereus.

Allochthonous microflora wehewehe aku ma ke alo o ka hoʻopiha o microorganisms e mālama i ha awina comparatively pōkole manawa. Akā, he mea oi tenacious, lōʻihi-hoohaumia iho la ka wai, a olelo hooweliweli aku kanaka a me ka holoholona ola. Ua pathogens subcutaneous mycoses Clostridium tetani, Bacillus anthracis, kekahi laha 'o Clostridium, microorganisms mea i anaerobic nā mea palahēhē - Shigella, Salmonella, Pseudomonas, Leptospira, Mycobacte-rium, Franciselfa, Brucella, Vibrio, a me ka moo, a me ka mea hoʻomaʻi enteroviruses. Lākou helu loli aʻe loa kaiāulu, no ka mea, hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ke 'ano o ka? Aieeeua, i ka wa pono, i ka nana kūlana a me ke degere o ka mea hoʻohaumia.

Noke a me ka hopena maikaʻi cia microflora

Ka pōʻaiapuni o ka mea ma ka 'ano nui hilinaʻi nui ma luna o ka ha awina o microorganisms i loko o ka wai. Ka mea, decompose ke aloha waiwai o ka mea kanu a me ka holoholona me Kinohi, i ka mana a pau e noho ana i loko o ka wai. Mea hoʻohaumia o ka wai kino ka loa pinepine i ka Nine Inch, a me ka liluwelo.

A pau 'ilikai i ka Reservoir e wehe i ka microbial mea hoʻohaumia, oa mea hoʻohaumia. Kēlā mau microorganisms e komo i ke kino o ka wai a me ka neoneo, maule iho he hau, ino ka wai, i hiki hoi o dramatically hoʻololi i ke ola kino āpana pololei, no ka mea, hoʻololi microbial biocenosis. Mau mea i ka papa kuhikuhiE aoao o microbial mea hoʻohaumia o ka ili wai.

Haku mele 'ana microflora wastewater

Ke microflora o ka wao wai iloko ona i kakauia na ia e noho i loko o ka gut o kānaka a me nā holoholona. Ka mea, nā 'elele o nā maʻamau a me ka pathogenic flora - tularemia pathogens intestinal nā mea palahēhē, leptospirosis, yersiniosis, hepatitis nā mea hoʻomaʻi, polio, a he nui na mea e ae. O 'Amelika i loko o ka loko iʻa, kekahi poʻe huki wai, oiai kekahi poe i iho mailoko o. ka wā holoiʻia ia holoi, e auau holoholona Ua no hoi ia lŘlŘ.

ʻO i loko o ka waiʻauʻau, kahi o ka wai ua chlorinated, a ua holoiʻia, loaʻa coliform koʻohune - coliform, staphylococci, enterococci, Neisseria, spore-ho okumu i, a me ka chromogenic koʻohune, fungi a me nā microorganisms e like me nā mea hoʻomaʻi a me protozoa. Bacillicarriers auau ana ma laila, e waiho ma hope o ka shigella a me ka salmonella. No ka wai -ʻaʻoleʻoi aku ko lākou maikaʻi nā papa hana no ka propagation pathogens loaa iki manawa kūpono e huli i ka papa kuhikuhiE biotope - he holoholona, a me kanaka.

'Aʻole no ka ino

Loko, e like me ka nui a me ka ikaika Lūkini 'ōlelo, e hiki ke huikala ia. Na ka papa kuhikuhiE ala - ia mea he Competition, ka wā ho'ā 'saprotificheskaya microflora, e amo ke aloha mea a ho'ēmi i kā i ka helu o ka koʻohune (oi pono - fecal me Kinohi). Paakiki mea koʻohune? Ueo komo i loko o kēia biocenosis, loa 'Imi e kaua ana no ko lakou wahi ma lalo o ka lā, e waiho ana i ka malihini,ʻaʻole he'īniha o kona hakahaka.

Eia ka mea nui wale nō - ka qualitative, a me ka laupaʻi lākiō o germs. He loa ka poe, a me ka hopena o nā aʻe he aha ka mea nui i ke kūlana o ka wai. Aia saprobity nui - he lākou o nā hiʻona, a i kekahi a me kekahi kino o ka wai, a laila no ka nui o ko microorganisms a me kā lākou haku mele 'ana, i ka lehulehu o ke aloha a me ka'okanikaʻole waiwai. Nō kāu, pakiko-, i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe o ka wai i wahi ma ka moʻo, a ua loa keʻakeʻa, hiki i nā auou caiaiai a me ka biocenosis. Mea hoʻohaumia o ka ili wai i kapa hoʻohanohano i ka ekolu gradations. It oligosaprobic ciia mesosaprobic a me ka polysaprobic.

ciia

Ciia loa kaumaha loa haumia ea - polysaprobic - kokoke me ka oxygen, no ka mea, i ka nui nui o ka hoopuni decomposing ke aloha mea. Microbial biocenosis pakahi, ia mea nui loa, akā, ua kaupalena ma? Ueo haku mele: ka mea, e nohoʻano nui anaerobic koʻohune, fungi a me actinomycetes. Kekahi mililika me o ka wai he nui ma mua o ka miliona koʻohune.

lōpū mea hoʻohaumia ciia - mesosaprobic - ua wehewehe aku ma ka Hoʻohaku nitriikatsionnyh a me ka'okesaside keʻano o ka hanaʻana. I ka haku mele 'ana o ka koʻohune hou like: obligate aerobic nitrifying koʻohune e mai i ka nui, akā, me ke alo o Candida? Ueony, Streptomyces, Flavobacterium, Mycobacterium, Pseudomonas , Clostridium a me na mea e ae. Kekahi mililika me o keia wai ka ole miliona, a me kekahi mau haneri o na tausani o ke anakahi iki-meaola.

maemae ka wai ciia ua kapaia oligosaprobic, a ano, ua puka 'o ia mai ka pakiko-ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kaʻina. Ua he uuku ke aloha maʻiʻo a me ke kaʻina ka piha mineralization. Ka maemae o ka wai, ua kiʻekiʻe: ia mea,ʻaʻole i loko o ka mililika me ka oi ma mua o ka tausani anakahi iki-meaola. Aia ua nalowale mua ka vitality o nā mea a pau pathogenic koʻohune.