Oxidative stress: ke kūlana o keʻano papa hana, na nā hoailona

Ka hoʻonaʻauao ua manaoia e e 'ole-kekahi pane o ke kino a hiki i ka hana ana i na paha mawaho aʻe. Kēia ho'ākāka 'ana i hoʻolauna i loko o ka hana o ka H. Selye (Junior physiologist). Kekahi hana a me ke ano e hoʻonāukiuki stress. Eia naʻe, i kekahi ke hoomaopopo i kekahi ololi, a kapa aku ia i ka papa kuhikuhiE kumu o ka naoh kino.

hiʻona

ke kālailai i ka naoh mea pili 'A hiki aku paha i ke kulana (oluolu ole kaʻawaʻawa loa ia) ua aia i loko o ke kino. O ka uku o ka nui o ka ka hoʻololiʻana e pono ai a me rearrangement ma lalo o nā kūlana. kona hiki e pane flexibly a ke hakuloli i ka pilikia ke kino kuhikuhi loli ana ma ka o keʻano ukiuki Agena huli kū'ē mai ana. Alaila, ua hiki ke kikoo aku i ka hope o ka hopena. Ka hoʻonaʻauao mea he luna 'adaptive pane hoopuka ia ma ke kino i ka manawa o ka hopena ololi. O kŰia ua kapaia ma ka 'epekema mau ka hoʻololiʻana maʻi pale.

ke kahua me

Ka hoʻololiʻana maʻi pale ia lŘlŘ ma kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao. First hele mai i ke kahua o ka iini. Ke kino ma keia kahua ka hoike i ka pololei naoh i ka hopena. Ka lua o ke kahua - e kū'ē'ē mai. Ma keia kahua i ke kino ua hakuloli e hoʻonui loa ana. Ma ka hope kahua o ka exhaustion ia lŘlŘ. I kekahi, i ka mua o ke kahua o ka meaola hoʻohana kona me ke koe. Alaila, e ka mea, me ka nui loa depleted ke kahua hope loa. E like me ka hopena, i loko o ke kino hoomaka mall rearrangements. Eia naʻe, ma na hihia a pau ia mea,ʻaʻole i lawa ke ola. Alaila, ua depleted irreparable ikehu waiwai a me ke kino pohaku e ke hakuloli.

oxidative stress

и прооксиданты при тех или иных условиях приходят в неустойчивое состояние. Antioxidant nenoai a me nā kākoʻo-oxidants ma lalo o kekahi mau hana e hele mai i loko o ka lolelua ka moku'āina. I ka haku mele 'ana o ka hope hehee wale loaʻa i nā kumumea i hula a Mānoa i hana i ka hooikaika ana i ke kahua o ka noa radicals a me nā kū'ē? Ueo e like me ka oxygen. могут быть представлены разными агентами. N maomeka o ka waiwaiʻino wale i o oxidative stress i hoʻokū 'ia e kekahi mau konohiki. O hiki e ke kelepona hele aʻe: mā ma mitochondrial ka hanu, kekahi nā'ūhū. могут быть и внешними. Nā maomeka o oxidative stress hiki e mawaho. Kēia, ma ka nui, nā pūnuku puhi, lapaʻauʻia, ea haumia ea, a no laila, ma luna o.

noa radicals

Ka mea, i mau hana i loko o ka kanaka kino. Ma kekahi mau hihia, ka mea, ua kena ae la ia e huikau ka Nine Inch keʻano o ka hanaʻana. No ka laʻana, eia hydroxyl radicals (OH). Lākou helehelena ua pili me ka kōnea i ionizing pāhawewe a me ka haahaa pae o ka superoxide kalaʻana ma muli o ka huina'ine kulu a me kā lākou amo kaulahao. Ma nā hihia, o ka hanana o radicals aie a hiki i ka ho'ā hope o phagocytes a me ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o nitric'okesaside ma endothelial keena.

Nā maomeka o oxidative stress

Keʻano o ka hanaʻana hanana o manuahi'ano'ē a me ka 'aoʻao o meaola muli o ka hola' O ke kaulike. Ma keia hihia, ia mea nō oluolu e hoʻoneʻe i pili koena i loko o ke aloha o na radicals. . E like me ka hopena o Nyos aeea biochemistry a oxidative stress ia lŘlŘ. Ka hapa nui o nā kumu i loko o ka oihana e tolerate i ka lōpū degere o ka imbalance. Keia mea aie a hiki i ke alo o ke keena ma reparative hale. Ka mea, e hōʻike ana a wehe i pōʻino, ua make nā lātoma. Ma ka hope wahi hou 'ikamu hiki. . Eia hou, na keena i ka hiki i ka hōʻoi 'i ka hoomalu, ma muli o ke oxidative stress. No ka laʻana, e hoʻonoho iole ma ka olelo a me ke gula oxygen, make ma hope o kekahi mau lā. Ua ua olelo mai ia i loko o ka maʻamau lewa he ma kahi o 21% O _2. Inā ka hopena ma luna o nā holoholona i nā mahuahua nā māhele o ka oxygen, ko lakou palekana e hooikaika e. Ka hopena hiki ke loaʻa i ka iole, a i e hiki ke hoolilo 100% O ₂ lehulehu. способен вызвать серьезные разрушения или гибель клеток. Aka hoi, he ikaika oxidative stress hiki i 'inoʻino loa paha aeea make.

ano hoomainoino aʻe

Like ma luna i oleloia, i ke kino koena ua malamaia noa radicals a me ka palekana. вызывается как минимум двумя причинами. Mai keia, ua hiki ke manao nei makou oxidative stress, kena ae la ia e ma ka liʻiliʻi mau kumu. Ka mua mea e emi ai ka hoomalu ha awina. Ka lua o ka mea e hoomahuahua i ke kahua o ka radicals ia ia ke degere i na antioxidants e hiki ia lakou ke neutralize ia.

Hoemiia aiiay muli o

Ua ua ike ia ka antioxidant nenoaiu Ua pili kēia e kaukaʻi ma kupono no kou kino. Alaila, e hiki e manao ia ka ka ho'ēmiʻana i loko o ka hoomalu ana o ke kino o ka hopena o ka poʻeʻilihuneʻai. Ma nā mea a pau likelihood, he nui kanaka maʻi ua kena ae la ma deficiency o antioxidant ka mahuaola. No ka laʻana, ka mea neurodegeneration ua 'akomi i muli i kaʻai ana i loko o nā mea maʻi lawa nona ka kino hiki ole metabolize mea momona wikamina E kūponoʻia. Aia ka i hoike e paipai i HIV-iho mailoko o kanaka, hoihoi hou ia akulla ma lymphocytes glutathione i loa haʻahaʻa nā hoʻohui like.

e uwahi ana

Ka mea, o kekahi o na kumu nui aʻe ma o na la oxidative stress i loko o ka maʻiʻaʻai a me na mea he nui 'ē aʻe nā'aʻaʻa o ke kino. Uahi a me ka kēpau waiwai radicals. mea hiki ke kaua i ka lātoma, a hiki i lalo loa i ka lehulehu o nā wikamina E a me C. Pukoa ae o keʻano ukiuki i ka akemāmā macrophages, ma laila ka hana superoxide kekahi o ia mau mea. Ma ka ia maʻiʻaʻai o ka paka, he mea oi neutrophils ma mua o ka politika-paka. Paka hainā, kanaka pinepineʻai poorly, a hoopau ia ka waiʻona. Alaila, o ko lakou hoʻonāwaliwaliʻia malu. провоцирует тяжелые нарушения клеточного метаболизма. Maʻi oxidative stress hoʻonāukiukiʻana mai o ka nui 'aʻe' ana i ke kelepona hele pūnao.

Loli i loko o ke kino

No ka PalekanaEND_LINK manao paa, ka hoʻohana 'ana i kekahiʻano o nā hōʻailona o oxidative stress. Kēia mau 'ole' ē aʻe nā loli i loko o ke kino hōʻike i ka papa paena kāna hana a me nā kumumea, e hoʻonāukiuki iā ia. : Ma ka like ana o ke kahua o ka noa radicals i loko o ka ulu ana o ka lau sclerosis ka hoʻohana na nā hoailona o oxidative stress:

1. Malondialdehyde. Ua hana haumāna huahana o noa'ano'ē'okesaside (CPO) lipids, a mai ka iaʻino wale i ma luna o ka 'ole a me ka hana ana o kaʻili lahilahi. Kēia ma ka huli hiki aku ai i ka hoomahuahua i loko o kā lākou permeability e kalipuna Ion. Mahuahua o ka lehulehu o ka malondialdehyde i loko o ka papa o ke kuhikuhi a me ka kiʻekiʻe-e holumua ai mau sclerosis muaʻanuʻu keʻae i oksislitelnogo stress - ho'ā hope o noa'ano'ē'okesaside.
2. Schiff kumu o ka hopena huahana o sro-nā polokina, a lipids. keʻae i ka welelau o ka maʻi ho'ā hope o noa'ano'ē'okesaside mahuahua i ka lehulehu o Schiff kumu. Me ka loa lehulehu o ka malondialdehyde ma ka hou ana i ka huina hoonui a me ka kuhikuhi ma kiʻekiʻe e holumua ai sclerosis e hoailona i ka hoʻomaka o ka luku kaʻina. , Ae waiho nei ma ka fragmentation, a me ka mahope loa ia'na o ka membranes. Ke kiekie pae o Schiff kumu no hoi Hōʻike i ke kahua mua o ka oxidative stress.
3. Wikamina E. He He liluwelo antioxidant hana me ka noa radicals a me lipid peroxides. ballast huahana hana i loko o ka naoh. Wikamina E ua oxidized. Ua Ua noʻonoʻo pono i ka hoʻokō neutralizer o singlet ka oxygen. Ua hakumakuma i ka ha awina o ka wikamina E i loko o ke koko Hōʻike he imbalance i loko o ka ole-enzymatic loulou AO3'ōnaehana - i loko o ka lua o ka aeie o oxidative stress.

waiwai

? He aha ke kūlana o oxidative stress? Ua mea waiwai 'ana i kumumanaʻo ana ka waiū e ole waleʻili lahilahi lipids a me nā polokina, akā, carbohydrates. Eia hou, na nā loli hoomaka ma ka hormonal a me ka endocrine nenoai. ʻeleu'ūhū thymus lymphocytes 'ole emi, maoli ka iliwai o neurotransmitters, hormones hoʻomaka e e hookuu. I ka stress hoʻomaka oxidizing nukelea nāʻakika, nā polokina, hydrocarbons, maoli ka pono ka maʻiʻo o lipids i loko o ke koko. Hoʻokāʻoi hoʻokuʻu o adrenocorticotropic hōmona ma muli o ka mālama nui disintegration ATP a me ka puali hanana. Hope, ke'ōlelo mai haʻalele no ke kumuʻiʻo kinase. Ua, ma ka huli, ka poʻea pau i ke komo ana o ATP phosphorylation cholinesterase ka hoʻololi 'ana naʻokoko nā mea kemika ma ka naʻokoko noa. Holomua o ka kumuʻiʻo hoʻololi kemikala, RNA, DNA, oiai ka poʻe glycogen mobilization o nei mea momona, momoma'aʻaʻa palaho (kiekie ae) nāʻakika a me ka monakō koko no hoi ke kumu oxidative stress. считается одним из наиболее серьезных последствий процесса. Kūnewa o kekahi o na hopena loa nui o ke kaʻina. No hoi, aia no he lālā hua hana o ka thyroid hormones. Ua 'oi aku i ka mämä holo hooponopono BMR - ka ulu a me ka differentiation o nā'aʻaʻa, kumuʻiʻo, lipid, carbohydrate pūnao. Nui kūlana no ka glucagon a me ka insulina. E like me kekahi poe akamai, monakō koko hana like me ka hōʻailona no ka ho'ā hope o ka adenylate cyclase, a me tsMAF - no ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o insulina. A pau i kēia hiki aku ai i ka intensification o ka hoʻopöʻino 'ia o ka glycogen ma Muscle a me akepaa, ka meheu o ia i ka biosynthesis o carbohydrates a me nā polokina, ka meheu o monakō koko'okesaside. E hoʻomōhala ana i ka hopena maikaʻi naikokene koena, maoli i ka lehulehu o ka naʻokoko a me nā lipids i loko o ke koko. Glikagon ka paipai 'ana i ke kahua o ka monakō koko, inhibits kona decomposition i lacticʻakika. Ma keia hihia, e kawowo hiki aku ai i ka mahuahua gluconeogenesis. Kēia kaʻina hana o ka hoʻololi kemikala o ole-carbohydrate huahana a me ka monakō koko. E like me ka mea mua Kanawai pyruvicʻakika a me lacticʻakika, glycerol, e like me kekahi hui i hiki ke hoopahaohao me ka catabolism o ka pyruvate i loko o kekahi i kekahi o ka waena hehee wale trikarbonovokislotnogo pōʻaiapuni. I ka papa kuhikuhiE substrates i kekahi'amino nāʻakika a me lactate. A kī kūlana ma ka hou 'ana o carbohydrates no e monakō koko-6-posapahate. Kēia hui dramatically 'aʻole hoʻi fosfoliriticheskogo glycogen hālāwai hope. Monakō koko 6-posapahate haʻalele i ka'ūhū monakō koko amo i loko o uridindifosfoglyukozy synthesized glycogen. Ke hui pū hana like me ka kūpapakū no mahope loli 'glycolytic. Together me keia he mea he lālā hua hoʻololi kemikala o gluconeogenic nā'ūhū. Ma kekahi, ia mea typical no phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase. Ua hoʻoholo i ka mämä holo o ke kaʻina hana ma nā puʻupaʻa, a akepaʻa. Ka lākiō o ka gluconeogenesis a me ka glycolysis hoʻololi ai i ka akau. Nā glucocorticoids hana like inducers o'ūhū hoʻololi kemikala.

ketone kino

Ka mea hana e like me ke ano o ka wahie mai ana no na puʻupaʻa, nāʻiʻo. I ka oxidative stress dala o ka ketone kino ua hoomahuahua ia. Launch ka mea, me he mea hoʻokonukonu eʻole ka mobilization o momoma nāʻakika mai ka nei. He mea no ka mea, ma na mea he nui nā'aʻaʻa hoʻomaka ka ikehu shortage aie i ka mea i monakō koko ma muli o ka insulina deficiency mea,ʻaʻole hiki ke komo i loko o ka halepaahao. Ma kiʻekiʻe nā hoʻohui like o momoma nāʻakika i loko o ka wai koko maoli he lākou omo a me ka'okesaside o ke akepaa, maoli i ka nui o ka triglyceride hoʻololi kemikala. A pau i kēia hiki aku ai i ka hua i loko o ka helu o ka ketone kino.

aiiieieoaeuii

ʻEpekema ike a me keia kŰia like "oxidative stress mea kanu." Ua Ua olelo mai i ka ninau o ka moʻomeheu specificity e ke hakuloli i keʻano o nā kumumea koe controversial i keia la. Kekahi i kākau manaʻo i lalo noho lakou malaila rula o ka luna 'reactions o ke ao ano. Kona ha awina mea,ʻaʻole e kaukaʻi ma ke ano o ka ololi. Other poe akamai i hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana i ke kumupaʻa o ka ulu me ka nānā 'ana kekahi pane. ʻo ia hoʻi, ka naoh mea kūpono ololi. Ia manawa, i ka hapanui o nā kānakaʻepekema 'aelike i me ka ole-papa a me kekahi pane ana. Ma keia hihia, i ka hala mea i manawa e hiki, e huai ae ku e aku i ke kāʻei kua o ka lehulehu paʻa reactions.