Pā kaua Calamita ma Inkerman, Crimea: hōʻikeʻano, mōʻaukala, hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo a me nā hōʻike manaʻo

Pehea na mōʻaukala wahi i koe i loko o ke ao nei? malama kekahi o lakou i ke ao nei, a pau na koa ho'āʻo ana e malama i ko lakou ano, oiai kekahi poe i ka lukuia, a mai ia he wale wahi e pili ana. Mau mea e hopohopo nei Calamita pā kaua i loko o ka Crimea, i kahi kokoke i ke kulanakauhale o Inkerman.

hōʻikeʻano

Pā i kūkuluʻia i loko o VI kenekulia me ka palekana i ka poe enemi o lakou i eono mau hale kiaʻi i pili i kekahi i kekahi ma ka pale, a laila ma kekahi mau pono, a hoʻohuiʻia nā bastions elua. Ka mea, ua kūkuluʻia ka quarry pohaku a me ka limestone pāʻoihana, ka mānoanoa o ka pā i kekahi mika, a i ka eha, a me ke kiekie mea he umikumamalua mau mika. Calamita pā kaua ua nui loa, kona wahi i 1500 m ^2, a me ka lōʻihi - 234 mau mika.

Location o ka pā i ole wae ma ka paha: ma ka kekahi lima ka mea i haki, hele mai kekahi hohonu kaikuono ma ka aina, ae hiki aku i ka laula o kekahi kilomika o, a ma o ka 'ē aʻeʻaoʻao kū i ka pā kaua iho. I ia mau lā, a pau i ka neʻeʻana i i wahi a puni o ka pā kaua, he hiki.

Pā kaua Calamita ma Sevastopol: mōʻaukala

I ka moolelo o ka ana kūlanakauhale o ka Crimea ua i ikeia. Ua pili kekahi i ka Calamita pā, i i kūkuluʻia i loko o ka VI kenekulia, e like me ka haʻawina kekahi. Ma ka nńnń, uaʻikeʻia wale nō i loko o ka XIV-XV kenekulia. Mamua hale kākela hanau mai la i na inoa me Gazaria a Kalamira.

Loa paha, i ka pakaua kūkulu Byzantines, akā, i ia mea, a, e noho i ka mea pohihihi. Akā, e hoʻomaka ana mai o ka XV kenekulia, ka moʻolelo mea ole pela vague. I keia manawa, ua ka na'lii o Theodoro, a kue i ka Genoese panalāʻau.

E loaa komo i ke kai, Theodoret i kokoke i ka Black River, e kūkulu kona mau awa Avlita a me ka palekana kukulu hou i ka hoailona pōhaku pā kaua.

I ka 1475 mana i loko o ka Crimea hele mai la na o Tureke, hoʻopio aku i me ka pā kaua. Ka mea, Kapa hou i ka mea i loko o Inkerman. Na Kauai ua lilo kāʻei pū a mea, a me ka mea, ua i ka 'oiaʻiʻo ma loko o ka pā kaua ma lalo o ia mea kani. Ka mea, ai hanaʻia naʻe i ka pā pōhaku, hoʻoikaika, a hoomakaukau hou i ka hale kiai, a me ke kūkulu 'ana i ke kuokoa hale kiai, a lawe maluna o ka moat.

Over manawa, i ka pā kaua Calamita ma Inkerman hoomaka ae la e lilo kona kūlana pale waiwai. Ua Ua luku ma manawa, akā, i ka hardest ku i ke kaua o Sevastopol.

Ka papa Calamita

I kēia lā 'oe ke' ike i ka i hōkaiʻia hale kiai, i ka i koe iho o nā pā, i ka laau kea maluna ona, e ku ma ke kahua o ka ekalesia mua, a ma lalo o ka pakaua - ke ana hoailona. He aha ke ano o ka inoa Calamita, nō mai i ike pono. Kekahi manaʻo i loko o ka unuhi mai Greek 'ōlelo - ia mea "nani lae", kekahi unuhi mai Greek me "ohe" no ka mea, ua uhi ka wahi me kaʻohe, a like kanu, aka, aia no kekahi mau ano o ka olelo.

Ka mua mea e ia lŘlŘ ma ke alanui - keia puka hale kiai, i ukali ia e kona 12 mika aku Tower №2, mai a hoʻomaka i ka auwai eli ana. Ke kolu o ka halekiai Ua angular. Ua loa poino, no laila, incomprehensible i kona manao, aka, ma ka hua'ōlelo no ka mea, i kēia mau Ana: 12 * 13 m.

Ka maikai malamaia halekiai helu 4 i i laweʻia mai o ka auwai, a ua nae hookaawale ikaika Calamita, mahope mai o ke kuleana pili i hoʻokō pākaua (a laila, i mālama ai i nā 'ohana ka palekana). Ma ka XVIII kenekulia ka halepaahao ua 'aneʻi.

Ma waho aʻeo ia i ka hale kiaʻi nei oe hiki i ike i ka i koe iho o ke Karistiano ekalesia, a i kukulu feodorites ka wā waiwai ?? eoi? Ee, a ma hope ka mea i lukuʻia, akā,ʻaʻohe mea i ike i. 'Oe ke' ike i ka uuku ilina, a e pili ana i ka XIX-XX kenekulia, koe ka obelisk pili ana i ka mea kanu mechanic a me ka pōhaku puna headstone meʻe o ke Kaua Honua II.

ana hoailona

Ka Monastic pohaku i ka hailona o nā ana, a ma kekahi o ia VII-IX i loko o nā kenekulia Inkerman St. Clement hoailona ma ka hanohano o ka haipule i hana, ka mea i make i loko o Hersonissos.

I na hoailona i ekolu ekalesia, a ola a hiki i 1485, a hiki mai la lakou i ka mana, i ka Kauai, a hoʻoikaika i nā mōneka e haʻalele i ka hoailona.

Mau kenekulia ma hope, i ka MH 1852, ia reopened ma ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi o Archbishop Na hala, akā, e mau ae la ia lōʻihi, mahope mai o ka Crimean War. Naʻe, i ka 1867 o ka hoailona i ola ae la ia, a ua paa i ka hoihoi hou ia ana o ka ekalesia i kukuluia Trinity Church. A iki ma hope, ma ka hanohano o ka Emperor Alexander III i kūkuluʻia ai ka luakini o St. Panteleimon, a ma ka 1907 - Church o St. Rotehama, i i luku ai i ke kaua.

I ka wā o ka USSR e hina, i hoi hou mai ai ka hoailona luna 'ana i ka mōneka, a hoʻomaka i ka global hoihoi hou ia ana, a Saint Panteleimon ekalesia i kukulu hou ia.

Pehea e kiʻi ai i ka pakaua Calamita

Ma Crimea, Inkerman mea he uuku kulanakauhale aia i loko o ka wahi o Sevastopol, i hiki ke lalau ma kaʻa, mau ukali, kaʻa 'ohua, a moku. Ka makemake nui o ke kai, e lawe i ka moku kaapuni ma ka Sevastopol mākuʻe.

Inā 'oe e hele ma ke kaʻa' ohua, i ke ala e hoʻomaka mai Sevastopol e kiʻi ai i ka holo ana "Vtormet" a hoʻomālama ma ka iie noaioee, e hoʻomaka lākou piʻiʻana aʻe i ka luakini luna '.

He oluolu ke kiʻi i kou mākaʻikaʻi ma kaʻa ma alanui E 105 a M 18. Eia, i loko o ka Black River, e ia i ka mua huli i loko o ke ala e hiki aku ana i ka hoailona ma na wawae o ka i mea i ka pā, e i kekahi pono hele ma ka tunnel, ma ka mea kahiko ilina, a maluna o ka puka hale kiaʻi .

hana hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo

Calamita pā kaua o kekahi hapa o Kherson Reserve. A hiki i ka makahiki 1968 i lawe mai i ka hoihoi hou ia ana mai o kekahi o na hale kiaʻi i ua loaʻa nō ma luna o limestone palaka, a mau moku me ka nui piha nō i hōʻike 'ia. Epekema, manao iho la ua mau huahelu hai aku i ka XIV-XV kenekulia.

A hiki i ka hale kākela i kūkuluʻia me kēia,ʻaʻole ike. Eia naʻe,ʻepekema manaʻo e kūkulu hoomaka ana ma ke VI kenekulia. Ke pā Ua kukulu like me ka 'ohana ka palekana o ke kuai? Ooia mai ka hoouka.

Ma ka XV kenekulia pā i kukulu hou ia, e hoomalu aku i ka ulu awa Avlita. A iki ma hope, ua lanakila ka wahi ma ka o Tureke, ka mea, kukulu iho la i ka hou pā, a hoomakaukau hou i ka wa kahiko i hiki ai i Kalamita. I ua hakuloli i Kauai ia no ka pū, a haawi aku la ia i ka inoa hou o Inkerman, a 'o ia hoʻi "ana pā".

Reviews

Pakaua Calamita, e like me iauaeoia oo? Ecia - he loa hoihoi 'wahi ana i ka waiwai mōʻaukala. Mai kona wahi hema, akā, i kēia wahi mea kumukuai o ka makaikai mea pono. Kēia mea kahi e hiki ke hoopa aku i ka mōʻaukala a me ka nanea i ka nani wale e wehe mai i ka Monastic pohaku.

Cave hoailona hana i loko o mākou manawa, a me ka mea hiki ke kipa no hoi. O ka papa, ma na keena e ole e ke kanaka, akā, e ike i na hoailona, a me ka ekalesia, mai ka waho ua aeia, i ka mea ia manawa 'oe ke kuai i ka monastic lāʻau lapaʻau kī.

E kipa i ka mōʻaukala kia hiki ia i kou iho a lawe i alakaʻi huakaʻi i loko o ka Calamita pā, e makaikai i kona moʻolelo i loko o hou au mamuli. A pau ka poe i loa kipa i kēia wahi, heʻoliʻoli. Ka mea e kipa i ka hale kākela, ina oe he ma Sevastopol. Huakaʻi a ke pana aku au i ka hoailona, kona kumukuai mea i oi aku mamua o 100 rubles. kanaka.