Palua Hero o ka Soviet Union Makarov Oleg Grigorevich: Kawaihae, e piʻi like a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo

Loea kanaka, he haumana, he kaulana manao lunaʻenehana, cosmonaut Oleg Grigorevich Makarov mea he honorary kupa o ke kulanakauhale o ekolu Hawaii: Yakutsk (Russian Hui), Dzhezkazgan (oneiaey) a me Rivne (Ukraine). Ka hoʻomaka o kana hana coincided me ka makahiki, a ua manaoia i ka hoʻomaka o ke au o ka lewaʻimi loa i ka lewa. Ua ua i ka 1957, ka Soviet Union a hemo ka mua i loko o ke ao neiʻimi hoʻopunipuni ukali. A ma na kêia kanaka o keia nui hanana i ka laila opiopio a me ka ike ole Makarov Oleg Grigorevich.

Kawaihae

Awards o keia kanaka i lehulehu. He ua palua Hero o ka Soviet Union: i ka 1973 a me ka 1978. Oleg Grigorevich Makarov i hānauʻia ma luna o ka ono o Ianuari, 1933 ma ka Tver māhele 'āina i loko o Udomlya uuku kulanakauhale o ka hookahi apana. Kona makua kāne i kekahi serviceman, a nolaila, i ka laina o ka hana e pinepine hoʻoneʻe mai wahi aku ia wahi aku. A hiki aku la oia i kahi o ehiku makahiki, o kona ohana hoʻoneʻe i Moldova, ma ka mea, ua ma ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ke Kaua Honua II. Mother me ka uuku Oleg i evacuated mua i loko o Saratov, laila, i loko o Fergana, Uzbekistan. Mai ka 1943 i ka makahiki 1945 ka mea, i noho ai i loko o ka Tver'āina i loko o ka kauhale Kesova Gora. Ma hope o ke kaua, hoʻoneʻe i Weimar kona makua kāne i loko o Germany. Aia noho Makarov Oleg Grigorevich me kona ohana mai ka makahiki 1945 a hiki i 1949-la. Weimarʻohana hoʻoneʻe i ke kulanakauhale Ukrainian o Rivne. Here i ka 1951, i ke keiki, a pau umi o ka papa kula.

wa opiopio

School makahiki Oleg Makarov i wahi i loko o ke kaua pilikia a me ka postwar makahiki. Pinepine hele i ka i paʻapū i wahi kahi i ke kanaka'ōpiopio iā ia, e mau hele a maʻa i ka hou ana a me ka aʻo polokalamu, ua haʻalele lākou mark ma luna o kona külana. Akā, i ka 1951, ka wā i ke ola a me ka waiwai kulana home 'ole Makarovʻohana hoʻi oi a emi i ka maʻamau, na makua i kaumaha aku i kana keiki, e noho i loko o ka Rivne, a laila, e hele i ke kula nui.

Study ma Baumanke

Akā, ua hookupaaia ke paa pūʻulu kanaka opiopio la ia i loko o kona hooholo ana. Makarov Oleg Grigorevich koho i ka oi pilikia ala. He hoʻoholo ihola e hele i Moscow, a e komo aku ma luna tehuchilische ia. Bauman. Ua kiʻekiʻe kula keiki aʻo mai ilamuku i hookauwa aku ia me kona makua kāne.

I ke poʻo, Oleg halawai i kona hoahānau. Eugene ma ka manawa i këia i loko o ka makahiki hope loa o Mei. Ke keiki kokua mai i kona hoahanau a puni i loko o ka kulanakauhale malihini ma ka mea.

Ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ka' oihana 'oihana

Ke kanaka opiopio, komo i ke kulanui, a ia ua pono? Anoee. Kona palapala puka hana ia i wahi i loko o ka OKB-1, i a laila, ua pili loa ua hoʻopili i kona Kawaihae. Oleg Makarov ua noho mai ke kula kiʻekiʻe ma ke ala e hiki aku i ua pūʻali koa i mea kaʻoi loa i loko o kēia hui e like me ka lunaʻenehana.

Kokoke a pau o kana hana hope i wahi i loko o ka hui. Ke kaulana manao Buro alai ae ia ia iho, Sergei Pavlovich Korolev. He koke makemake i ka Makarov.

Oleg G. hana ma luna o ka ulu o ka rocket a me ka lewa? Ieaoa 'enekinia, nenoai, i kaʻeleu loa i ka lepo, a me ka mahuka ana e ho'āʻo ai. He mea ke kākoʻo '-kumu o ka olelo ma ka hanaia'na o ka Honua ka ukali me ka cosmonaut ma luna o ka moku. Makarov i kekahi pololei loa i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka ulu i ka mea manaʻo manao o ka manned "Vostok", eia hoi,ʻo ia ke kuhikuhi i ka hana ma o ka hana o ka moku. I kēia lā, aia he mau kanaka, i mua o ka mua holo ana iloko o ka lewa e hoʻokele i ka hana nui no ka la, e like me Oleg G ..

Jobs in 'enekinia, poe

Ka mua kau o cosmonauts hoomaka i ka 1960. Ma ka pūʻulu mua he wale koa pailota. E hoʻonoho i ka pa alima i loko o ka Moscow'āina, i loko o ka wahi ma kēia hana Cosmonaut aʻo Center. Ua ua malaila i i kūkuluʻia he kaona liʻiliʻi,ʻikeʻia nā hualoaʻa a me ke Star. Hope ia i ka lele a me ka loa o kona mākaukau nā kānakaʻenehana. E like me ka hopena, ka mea i hana i kekahi hui. Ua oia mai o nā kānakaʻenehana, astronauts a me cosmonauts-noiʻi. Me ka pomaikai o ka Queen ma ka paukū hope o hoʻopaʻa i ka loa rigorous 'inikua ninaninau i ka 1966 a me Makarov Oleg Grigorevich - Ua piha ka astronaut, ka poe i, e hele aku ma ka loa paʻakikī, aʻano lōʻihi hoomakaukau wā ma mua o kona moe o ka lele ana ma o ka mana loa ke ao holoʻokoʻa.

luna polokalamu

Mai ka makahiki 1967 Makarov i ka makahiki 1968, pu me A. Leonov i hoomakaukau ana e lele i ka mahina. Akā,ʻo ia i i lawe wahi. I Helu polokalamu Ua paa no i helu o nā kumu, ka luna o ka poe na Kao lele lako kaua kui i ko lakou Launch unmanned. Ka mea, uaʻAʻole ia e, a lele Makarova ma ka DOS-2 - ka lōʻihi-makahiki wahi.

Ka mua pokole hoʻokolohua

Makarova moe e ia i loko o ke kahua, ua,ʻaʻole ia e hiki i 1973. Wale nō i loko o ka makahiki o ke kanaha o ka lā hoʻomanaʻo o Oleg G. i kona mua mahuka ana. He ua i ka lewa no ka lā ekolu (27-29 September). Ka luina oia no mau kanaka: he Makarov - he holo lunaʻenehana o spacecraft "Soyuz-12" a me Lazareva. Kēia lele, he nui loa kapaia kupaianaha. Ka mea i ka mea, ua i ka mua ma hope o ka lono kaumaha ulia i loko o ka makahiki 1971, ka moku me cosmonauts V. Volkov, G. Dobrovolsky a me V. Patsaeva ma luna o ka moku.

Makarov a Vladimir Lazarev ia e nānā i ka manao hoʻoholo, a e oaoieei-hou, e like me ka mahina i ka mea hou e uhauhaʻi. Holo ana i pau ai ana. No ka heroism a me ke koa o Makarov Oleg Grigorevich Ua hookoia ka inoa Hero o ka Soviet Union.

ulia

keia luina aʻe auhee kokoke i pau ai i ka pōʻino. Elima ma April 1975 rocket me Makarov a Lazarev hele akula ma luna o ka moku ana mai o ka Baikonur Launch paena. Naʻe, ka wā ka mea, ua kauʻia i loko o ka Astronomical hana pilikia. Eia kekahi i kekahi manawa, i ka wa o ka spacecraft ma ke kiekie o aneane elua haneri kilomika ua ma luna o ka honua. Mea pōmaikaʻi, triggered pilikia hoʻopakele nenoaiu. E like me ka hopena, i ka astronauts ma ke kaolo mea hōʻikeʻikeʻuʻuku kipaku. Ke kulana ua nalu p. Ua ku Astronauts he iwakalua manawa overload, i mua ole kekahi i ka 'ike. Ua Ua manaoio aku i ke kanaka kino,ʻaʻole mea pono ia ia. Eia naʻe, Oleg Grigorevich Makarov (cosmonaut), e like me, nō, a me VG Lazarev, Ua ai aʻoʻia ai lākou e ia i ke ola. Crew no ka ke koa, ua hookoia i ka Papa Naita o Lenin.

Once hookomoia ma ka moolelo o ka ole-kanaka ho'āʻo de hiki Makarova a me Lazarev he questionable. Eia naʻe,ʻo ia i manaʻo ai, Oleg G .. Kona makemake nui, a me ka ikaika ano hui me ka maikai ola hoʻohana 'ia ia e hana i ka astronaut i mau hoʻii ka lewa. Eia naʻe, he lua poʻe holomoana 'VG Lazarev ua ole hou ole i kekahi.

E hana 'ia ma ka makahikiʻimi loa i ka lewa

Makarova i ka mea e hiki mai lele i loko o January 1978, ka wā la oia me ka holo lunaʻenehana ma ka spaceship "Soyuz-27" hiki i ka lōʻihi-makahiki noaioee "Salyut-6". Ka luina ua hoi V. Janibekov. Luna o ke koa, he astronauts Romanenko a me Grechko.

Ua akoakoa First manawa i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka makahikiʻimi loa i ka lewa akau ma ke kokoke-Honua ka Astronomical pokole eiiieaen, me ka lōʻihi o ma kahi o kanakolu mika, a me ke kaupaonaʻana - he kanakolu no tonne. Ua oia o ka makahiki ku, a elua manned spacecraft. Ua hoano e astronauts pau kā lākou hana e akakaʻi, a i ka hiki ole noiʻi hana. Ka mea, ua kekahi anu u, e hoʻonui i ka lōʻihi like spaceflight. Pela i hoomaka ai i ke kaʻina o e pili ana i ka wa i loko o ka nui pono noiʻi. No keia holo ana Makarov loaa ka lua o kâlâ keʻokeʻo "Gold Star".

Kona hope spaceflight Oleg G. hana ma ka makahiki o nā makahiki he kanaha-ʻewalu. I ka papa kuhikuhiE Pahuhopu o kēia huakaʻi kaua, aia ke kapili ana o ka thermal ana'ōnaehana o lōʻihi-makahiki orbital wahi. Duration uaʻumikumamākolu nā lā. Ke hana ua incredibly hana nui, akā, na astronauts Makuakane me ia.

hana hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo

I ka makahiki 1980, Oleg G. kokua aku i kona ia hoʻi no ke degere o ka moho o ka iiaie oaoieei sciences. I ka makahiki 1986,ʻo ia i kipaku ai ola kumu mai o ka mea, hoi aku la i kona papa wilikî. Ma kona aina o ka RSC "Energia", ia i paa i ka oihana o ke kia'āina ke alihi kaua.

Me kana wahine, Valentina Soldatovoy Oleg Grigorevich hui i ka makahiki 1960, ka OKB-1. I ka hookahi makahiki, ua mare. I ka 1961 i ka hui mua keiki i hanau. Loa Makarov mau keiki kāne. I ka 1998, Olegu Grigorevichu i loko o CDB naauʻoki kino, akā,ʻo uaʻaʻole hiki ke maopopo ola. He make palua Hero o ka Soviet Union Makarov Oleg ka iwakalua-walu ma May 2003 ma kona dacha waho Moscow. He ua kanahiku-hoʻokahi makahiki. kanu Oleg G. ma Moscow Ostankino ilina.

Makarov i i malama i ka Archive, akā, i kona ohana ua hiki ke ohi i ka nui nui o nā mea a kekahi, ia lakou i ka Space Museum. Ka hapa nui o ka hana, lawe mai e kāna mau keiki kāne, ai kōkua pū ma nā hoapili mai ka Buro.