Turkish moku: helu o nā moku, ka haku mele, a me ka modernization

Ia ia i pana aku la ia ia ma ka Turkish Air Max Russian SU-24 i loko o ka Suria lani, mea pepehi hysteria 'ole e hana i loko o ko kakou aina. Ka muli o ua kūpono, a kapa aku Tureke e hoike a me ka hoʻololi aʻe koke, akā, nele okoa loa kaua - hoʻokele waiwai. Akā, inā Rusia ua hoʻoholo ihola i ka "saber" kaua, ina paha he mea hiki ke manaolana no ka pomaikai nui i loko o ka kaua ma ka aina a ma ka moana? He 'atikala e kūkākūkā i ka kūlana o ka Moana o Tureke, a i mau' ano. Ua mea hiki koa confrontation ma waena o nā aupuni elua? Keia ninau nui na poe akamai i mea e kūkā ana.

modernization

Turkish moku ua hoʻololi hoʻomaka koke, huli mai e hina no ka 'ohi' o ka moku i loko o ka pūʻali koa efficient, hiki hoi i ka hoike ana ia lakou iho i loko o ka wai o ka Bosporus a me ke Dardanelles. Moku, no ka mea, o ka hapanui loa, na haole a me ke kālā, akā, nui a oi pinepine - ka brainchild o kona mau shipyards. Kēia mea,ʻaʻole i ka ikaika kahua o ka Turkish kaua, ʻaʻole ka mea nui,ʻaʻole ka richest, akā, na Kauai naʻauao mālama i nā kumu waiwai a akahele lawe mai i ka palapala hoʻomaikaʻi ho'āʻo ma.

Good poʻe akamai, laekahi shipyards - mea he kumu hoʻomalu o ka viability ka wā huina modernization o ka Moana o Tureke. I ka makahiki e hele mai ana i na manao a hiki i ka Turkish kauoha e upgrade paha e puku i ka hapa nui o ka moku a me na moku. Turkish moku modernization polokalamu ua i ai ia i nā a mahope nae o ka rejection o ka moku haole nenoai. Kela manawa, papahana i ke kākoʻo '-operative, ma ka huipūʻana me ka haole shipyards: ka mea alakaʻi moku akoakoa mai ma kahi e, i ke koena o ka laikini ma loko o Tureke. No? Ieoaeunoai ua lilo akamai increasingly Ka Uluwehi O Ke moku.

Ke kumu no ka modernization

Ke shipbuilding hana i loko o ke aupuni ua pono ke kino i kēia manawa: ma kahi o kanaha laekahi shipyards e hana,ʻaʻole wale nō ma luna o kona iho kalepa'auwaʻa - nui lawa, like me ka Turkish moku - akā, kukulu ana i na moku no ka mea hoʻolilo. Ma ka hoomalu ana hana 'Oihana hai i kekahi Competition ma a Winners e e eha wale shipyards, a e lawe mai i ka hana o ka moku no ka Moana. Tureke Kahalaopuna i ka nele i ka ikaika moku, e like me ka ike i ka hoʻoweliweli 'ole wale puni lākou'āina, akā, ke kai palena.

First Turkish makau - ka mea, o Rusia mea e hooponopono i ka poepoe o ka keiki, a me ka mea kokoke'ākau panalāʻau o Tureke ka mau pono. Kēia kaua ma kaʻaoʻao hema, a me ka Mokuna confrontation ma waena o ke komohana a me ka Greece, a, o ka papa, ma ka hikina - loa unpredictable Iran. A ua haawiia mai ia kanaiwa pakeneka o ka huina haole kalepa ka leo o ka aina, e kakau mai malina amo, e mea hiki ke maopopo ke kumu o ka Turkish moku moku e e hiki ke hoomalu. Ikaika'auwaʻa e hōʻoiaʻiʻo i ka palekana o ka hoʻokele a me ka mea hiki ke hoʻolako 'palena e malu ai, a e mai wale 8.300 o kapakai hua hoʻohui i nā mokupuni o ka Aegean.

'ole

Turkish moku i keia la he kanalima-kumamalima tausani kanaka. Ma ka 'ōlelo o kaʻilikai'auwaʻa -ʻumikumamāiwa patrol moku, a mawaena o lakou ol' mai Germany (Meko 200) a me ka US (Oliver p ÷ ino Perry a me Knox), eono Palani corvettes. A he iwakalua-kumamalima rockets a me nā ōlaʻi i o patrol moku hiki ke komo i loko o Hawaiian hana. Mine-sweeping moku ka hapanui kuai hou ma Farani, Kelemania, a me kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia.

Eia amphibious moku i obsolete, akā, me ko lakou uuku. Mokuluu akā, heʻumikumamāhā, a me nā mea a pau Kelemānia. Ka helu o Turkish Hirama moku, e like me kakou e ike nei, he kilakila. Ma ka'auwaʻa a ianoiyuaa a e mālama nei kūlanaʻano o nā mea kaua, e kaha i ka hooponopono ana'ōnaehana a me ke koena o ka lako a pan i ka moku i ka.

weaponry

I ka wā e hiki mai ma kahi o Tureke, e hoʻomaka i ka manao i ko lakou iho, me ka kōkua o na mana. Kēia hakakā nenoaiu, a kaumaha torpedoes a me ka sonar no mokuluu. I loko nō o ka mea i nui o ka modernization o ka Turkish Moana a kalele iho ma luna o nā'āina'ē patrnorov, manawa pinepine i Turkish moku e ia i ka luna i loko o ka māhele 'āina.

Russian Black Sea'auwaʻa i loa e hoonoho ia ia iho i ka hana o ka hoʻokūkū ana i loko o na tona me ka hoʻopuniʻana mau hoalauna ma ke kai, akā, e hoʻokō kona hana, a hiki i ka hookahi hana ana-KUMUMANAʻO NUI mahele o ka Lūkini Moana, Kojima a me BSF mea oiaio no, hiki, a koa mālama 'ia hoʻi i loko o kēia hale kiaka o ka hana ua hala loa hoʻolako. BSF i ma kona hoʻolilo 'ilikai moku ke hoʻohana i ke kokoke kai a me ka moana mau, meaola kinai, Anati-mokuluu a me Kao lele lako kaua-hali mokulele, kakolina diesel mokuluu, e like me kekahi o ka Hawaiian hao wale.

Russian Black Sea'auwaʻa

Ka moku lawe hae o ka'auwaʻa mea Kao lele lako kaua cruiser "Moskva" (Project 1164), Kao lele lako kaua me ka hopena antiship eiiieaena "Volcano" ( "O basalt"). Na Kao lele lako kaua i ka supersonic māmā holo, a ku i ka pale ma ka loa anywhere i loko o ka Black Sea wahi. Antiaircraft "Moscow" kuleana pili i kekahi hanaʻia piha, e like me ka luna ' "Papu" -ʻaneʻane C-300, a me na launchers - ewalu, a laila, e hōʻike i ka mea, he kanaono-eha pio o nā pale kaua a ka poʻe. A i ka wā i ka "Moscow" hoomaka ae la e ka pāʻana i ka lewa ma ke komohana o ke Kaiwaenahonua ma Suria ma hope o ka hana 'ia me ko kakou SU-24 Turkish koa mokulele de malaila pani koke a loa.

Ka loa hoʻomāhuahua ai ka hakakä huahelu BSF - Kao lele lako kaua moku "Sandstorm", a i ole analogues aole hoi ma ka mea hookahi manuwa koa o ka Black Sea kīʻaha'āina. A me nā hana pu ana o kēia mau moku hoohikilele Loaʻaʻia a me ka maneuverability, i mea no ke aha la ka mea e ma ka naʻau o ka poʻe ikaika o ka papa. Oia i hoʻomaka koke, me nā mea kaua mana o ka ewalu Anati-moku Kao lele lako kaua, Anati-mokulele a me ka mea kaua nenoai he ākea huahelu o kēia mau Kao lele lako kaua moku maluhia i hooponopono maluna o ka malina ciia.

mokuluu

Ka Black Sea Russian mokuluu koa no hoi nei ua hanau hou. Project 636 mokuluu i ka loa inconspicuous - "moanaʻeleʻele puka" ana ma na olelo o ka poe akamai, mai NATO. Ka mea, Blend i loko me ke kai kāʻei kua maoli, a ku pale ma ka laulā, a 'aʻole i' ae i ka enemi, e huai ae, a me ka mamao aku i keia ka loaʻaʻana kekahi mau manawa.

A wale nō ka mea hou mokuluu o keia ano ma ka Black Sea ma ka liʻiliʻi loa eha. Ma mokuluu o keia ano ( "Warszawianka") ikaika mea kaua - eono e puhi ia o ka umikumamawalu paha he iwakalua-eha torpedoes, mines, e like me moku peʻa Kao lele lako kaua "Caliber", a pepehi a me ka lepo pale kaua, e like me ka hōʻike ma ka Suria hana. Ka moʻolelo ma luna o ka Black Sea'auwaʻa kaua a me ka moana maunakea, ua piha oia me ka hou SU-30cm, a e wehewehe i ke kaua ano o keia mīkini mea,ʻaʻole lawa no ka nui arsenal o nā hua'ōlelo o ka hoolea. A pau o ka luna paipai i na nā wānana waiwai o kū'ē o ka Moana o Tureke a me Rusia ke hoʻohālike mea pono i loko o mākou ka lokomaikaʻiʻia mai.

Lana "lua-lima" ua hōʻano

Tureke Ua maopopo nö iä ia i ke kahua ma ka malina palena e e hooikaika, akā, no ka mea, ua lōʻihi a me ka hoʻomanaʻo mai ho'āʻo ana e ho okumu loa iho moku kaua, a hiki ina ka manao aie mai na kēia kanaka Kelemānia, a me ka mea kaua mai ka Americans. Akā, me ka hou Corvettes ma Turkish shipyards mea ma lalo o ke kūkulu,? Oaony a he hoʻokahi wale nō Turkish-i nana oe i pepehi, a me na nā papaha o Europa a me 'Amelikaʻilikai. O ka mea, he'ōlelo e pili ana i ka hana o ke awa pae helekopa nā moku halihali mokulele, e like "Mistral".

I ka mea o ka naʻau i loko i loko o kaʻaoʻao Turkish nō combative a me ka hooikaika ana Rusia ka Black Sea'auwaʻa Turkish alakaʻi ka loa ka lolouila. Ua nui no laila, no ka mea, e ai pakiko-lawa pūʻulu ka piha wai puna o ke Black Sea ma Crimea i uhi. More oi mea e hopohopo nei i ka aina o ka alakaʻi i ka Lūkini squadron noho a me ke Kaiwaenahonua kai. Hōʻino Tureke, no ka mea, nui loa nei ka mea, e noho ana i loko o kēia māhele i ka ikaika loa.

vulnerabilities

I kēia lā Tureke mea ma paʻewa me ka aneane i kona hoalauna, a ua oki ae la ka Iseraela i e ka Ally, loa mai o ka aina i ka launa ana me ko Suria, i lilo ai. A tensions me Rusia - keia mea i ka loa unpredictable ana. Ka mea wale nō mea i Tureke e lawe i keia manao - e e mau hoa e ku e ia Rusia, a Ukraine, akā, me ka oluolu meaʻaʻole e lawe, ma ka wahi mua - ka Turkish moku.

Russian-Turkish kue i ulu loa koke, akā, oi koke i pio - a me koa 'uao. Eia naʻe, Time] o ka mea hiki ole hanana i mua ua i: ka Straits blockade, ka paleʻana i ka Lūkini'auwaʻa i ka mokuna o Suria, i kakaʻikahi i loko o ka Turkish koa kino i loko o ka moana wai o Marmara, a ma hope i ka koho ana o mokuluu ma ke ala e hiki aku o ka cruiser "Moskva", ua hoala tensions ma waena o nā aupuniʻelua kokoke i ka i kā mākou. Oe ke kālailai i ka hala koke hana o ka Turkish Moana, Hawaii photo-ike i lawa ka laula.

loio i kuleana

It E e ua hoʻokoʻikoʻiʻia i ke ano straits Tureke iʻaʻohe pono ia i kakahiaka nui me 1936 Convention apono ia e ka hapanui o nā'āina, a me ka ia Tureke. Kona kūʻokoʻa 'ana ma luna o nā straits o ke Dardanelles a me ka Bosphorus aʻole i noa i ka' i kekahi hoakaka o ke kaua me ka aeie i ka neʻe o ka'auwaʻa o nā'āina.