Where ma Moscow kia hoʻomanaʻo i ke Gogol? Gogol kia ma luna o Gogol Boulevard: moʻolelo

Ma Rusia ka mea, ua mau Ua he kaua kaila a me ka 'ihiʻihi me nā'ēheu kēia'ēheu o nā akua kiʻi a pau. Prince Vladimir, e kukulu ana i Kristiano, poho ma ka muliwai o ka hailona a Perun, akā, e kana poe mamo ma Ukrainian kona kikeke ana nö hoʻi Vladimir Ilyich.

"Me na wahine-Yagami nikchemushnaya aumeume"

Ma ka Russian Hui, koke no e pili ana i ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i Gogol. Kia i ka Soviet? Eia i loko o ka mua Prechistensky (e Gogol) Boulevard ma March 2014 ka mea i hooholoia e disassemble, a ma kona wahi hoʻi kahiko hana Andreeva, i i kūkulu 'aneʻi mua, hoʻi i ka 1909.

Kona manaʻo ma loko o ke kaiaulu ma kēia pukana ole. Kekahi o na makaainana manaoio ana ia mea maikaʻi, e haʻalele i na mea e like me ka mea e, i ka'ē aʻe eager e "hoihoi mōʻaukala hoopai",ʻaʻole ke aikane ia e noonoo i kekahi me ka noʻonoʻo o expediency, aole hoi na realities o ke ola a puni ia (ma hope o nā mea a pau, ma ka manawa, he mea i ka pilikia a me ka oi nui i loko o Rusia). Kekahi, malia paha, ua i averse ia, akā,ʻo ua papani iho la i ka hoʻokahi wale nō? Aneiai, akä,: poe akamai i olelo aku ia ia e pohole me ka like haleʻaneʻi a ma laila -ʻaʻole he nike makemake.

Ma hope Pushkin

O kekahi kia i Gogol ma Moscow, i ua e hele, e hoʻi ai i ka wahi, ka mea e holumua ai kaiaulu hoʻoholo e kukulu i loko o August 1880. Kēia makahiki wehe i kekahi kia Aleksandru Sergeevichu Pushkinu ma Tverskoy Boulevard. Ua'āina lū oia me ka hoolohe ana i loko o ka waimaka o ka olioli a me ka loka, a koke mai la na enthusiasts ka poe i makemake i ka uku a me ka hoʻokupu, a me Nikolayu Vasilevichu Gogolyu. Ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i? Aaony, e wehe i ke kanalima lā hoʻomanaʻo o kona make ana - i ka 1902, akā, i ole i manawa. I loko nō o ka mea i aneane koke i hai aku i ka 'iaE e hoala dala, o ka hihia ua maluhia no he lōʻihi manawa.

E hāʻiliʻili aku o ka manaʻo'ālunu, a lohi, e hoʻokani ana, mai ka waha mai o kekahi mau huahelu (M. Kuraeva, ma ka nui), ia mea aneane he luawai-pono: ma luna o ka kia hoʻomanaʻo i Aleksandru Sergeevichu houluulu koke (a pau i ka Classic pono-ike huahelu ikea mai ka iwakālua o ka makahiki ma hope o ka hoʻomaka o ke 'iaE), akā, no hoi no ka Nikolai ole laila, e P'.

Mai i manawa no ka lā hoʻomanaʻo, e ho'āʻo no ka lā hoʻomanaʻo

Ke kaulana Lūkini industrialist, Demidov i'ōlelo mai ai ke keleawe "like pono" a hiki i i elima tausani. Aia he'ē aʻe Kau waihona. I ka 1890, pala no ka hanaia'na o ke Komite Wae no ka hana o ke kia hoʻomanaʻo, akā,ʻaʻole ia mea pakahi aku la ia i loko o ka wikiwiki, oiai i ka 1893 o ka Emperor iho i hai aku ia ia i ka "hōʻeleu i".

Ua hana ole i keia manawa pokole, akā, i nā lālā o nā haipule Ahaolelo hope e paa ana ia i ka moʻo o ka halawai, a hoʻoholo i ke kanaka i ka mea ka mea, ua pono, e "hele aku ma ka hana o ke kia." Interestingly, i kona inoa ua HE ihu. Pono ka hoax o kekahi ano.

Somehow, me ka pilikia, ua paa i ka hoopapa no ka mea e pono ai ka hana, akā,ʻaʻohe mea nāna o na sketches i ole holoʻokoʻa i hele mai ke aeia. Ua lilo i mea akaka ia mākou pono hoʻoneʻe e hoʻokēʻai ai: inexorably e nee mai ana i ka makahiki 1909 - ka centenary o ka hanau ana o Nikolayu Vasilevichu Gogolyu i hana. Kapaau, i oo ai a hiki i ka lā hoʻomanaʻo o ka make, ina ua poino mau loa mākaukau.

Kanalua sculptor, dubious pāhana

He nōʻikeʻole i ka mea a ka backroom ke kūkā 'mua o ka apono ana o ka papahana Andreev, akā, hooholoia no ka mea, ua hoʻoholo like (ma luna olelo, Kupanaha ma komite, he hookahi leo e ku e vetoed ka hookamaia o ke kikoo). Paha i ka pāʻoihana maoli i puʻe wale: manawa i kekahi mea kokoke i waeia. No laila, me ke kaumaha i loko o ka hapalua, no? Ieoaeunoaa hana hoomaka, hoʻomano uhi ia e ka ahakanaka, a i ka olelo kūkākūkā i waena o ka Muscovites.

E hoʻomaka i ka wahine paha, o ka mea kākau ke hoala mai ia wa iho. Poʻokela 'elele o ka ke akamai o ia mau manawa Opekushin Repin a mahalo i ke talena o ka uʻi sculptor. Naʻe, i ka lehulehu kanalua iho la: he iki ka hoao ana i loko o ka hana o nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i.

Koke ma mua o ka puka ana o ka luawai-ike manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni Sergey Yablonovskii kapaia ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka hōʻailona o ka "weliweli a me ka weliweli," a ua kaheaia ka manao e "ka mea he nui mai i makemake i ka." E like me ka wai nana!

E olelo unveiling o ke kia

E wehe i ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i Gogol ma Moscow? Aaony me ka nui fanfare, eia nae, aole me ka mea mau (mea pono e kaulana) bungling: pela kukulu rostrum he shaky, aku mai ka hewa, e hana ia banned. No ka mea, i nā kiʻi mai ka puka hiki ke ike ma ka wāwae o ke kilakila Hustle e wehe i ke kia, a me kekahi -. E ka "pilikia makapō kaua" Ka hoʻomaka i ole bode pono ...

Emotions kena ae la ma ke kia hoʻomanaʻo, ma koke ia mokuahana. Ua nui ua hoʻoholo (Repin, no ka laʻana), i mua o lakou - he nui ka hana o ke akamai, akā, e aho e he nui hoolohe ana i ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i ka maoli kuha aku i ke ao pauʻole.

laila kūlou ihola Gogol

Ke kiʻi kaula depicts ke kanaka, paʻa wahīʻia i loko o ke koloka, i kona poʻo kūlou haʻahaʻa me. Kulou iho la ua hina iho la absurdly ma kekahiʻaoʻao, Gogol i noho ana i loko o ka noho a me mea i keʻano o Weltschmerz, a me kona kaulana lōʻihi ihu kokoke hoopa kona mau kuli. Tetrahedral pedestal ka honua keleawe holehole mai ai i - ka bas-kokua ma luna o ka mea i kākauʻia i nāʻano a kaulana hana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo. Ka mea, i ole i noʻonoʻo loi. Akā, i ke kii o ka Classic!

Haule iho la Laʻana epigram: "Andreev i o Gogol" ka ihu "a me" Ka Overcoat, ""; "Gogol, hunched ma, e noho ana, Pushkin, Gogol ka aho la ia."

I hele i ka weheʻana o ka wahine Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo, Sofya Andreyevna, au ike i ke kia hoʻomanaʻo "hoʻopailua" (me ka pilikino diary, a kakau iho la). Muli o kona kulana amusing i kona nui kane, nui Classics o ka honua moʻokalaleo, he kia hoʻomanaʻo makemake.

Ka a pau honua o ke kāʻili wale, ua luku aku ...

Ma keia ka laulā, a ua nohoʻaneʻi lehulehu nāʻana. Eia naʻe, e hoʻololi i ka sedentary kia i Gogol i kekahi i hele, a ua oia i ka hoʻomaka o Gogol Boulevard,ʻano o hiki mai, a hiki i kēia lā, inā ma ka makahiki umikumamahiku o ka hope kenekulia i ka mana i ole e hele mai "ohana opiopio, ike ole ia," a i ole lawe, e hooholo i ka destinies o ka aina (a me nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i) i loko o ka hou alanui.

Gogol kia ma Gogol Boulevard mau ae la ia ma hope o ka kipi, he kanakolu-kumamalima makahiki, a iloko o ia manawa i hala aku ma lalo o kaua, e lilo ia a pau i ka lā oi ka hewa ma ka lā. Ke kumu o ua, e like me kekahi mau kumu, o ka alo huahelu o ka palapala, ai 'Classics ma kou nā aʻalolo i Joseph Vissarionovich, puʻe wale akula kēlā mau e aloha aʻe skosobochennomu Gogol kia Ua pono ma ke ala a hiki i ka dacha ma Kuntsevo, kahi i noho ai i ka mana Soviet mau kakauolelo.

Kaua me ke keleawe mea kākau

Tausani o nā sycophants, eager e hooluolu i ka mea i aloha ai alihi kaua, i ole stint ma "e keʻehi aku" hanaia'na Andreev. Ke kaulana Soviet sculptor Vera Mukhina (mea kākau o ka kaulana "hana a me Kane aina"), ua hoopiiia oia i ka kia hoʻomanaʻo i loko o ka puni aku o ka lanakila discrepancy. I mai la lakou i kekahi manawa, aia i kekahi kumu e e kaumaha ma Gogol - ka, weliweli o tsarist ka hainā a me na mea e ae, a me ka manawa i kekahi mea kaumaha i ka wā e noho ana ma ka aina ua lilo "maikaʻi a me ka oi leʻaleʻa?"

Ma mua dismantle sedentary Gogol kia ma Moscow i ole hoʻolālā - e manao iho, e kūkulu i kekahi i kekahi ma ka 'ē aʻe pau ana o ka hale. Wai Ekahi i kona lima ma luna o ka papaʻaina mea ike ole ia, akā, i loko o ka makahiki 1952, i ka 100 la lā hoʻomanaʻo o kona make ana, wehe i ka hou hē, Ua loa okoa mai ka mua ma Moscow.

Aka, no ka mea, i ka lā hoʻomanaʻo!

Mōʻaukala me ka apono ana o ka papahana ua hou kekahi pouli: Ua honi i ka hoʻokūkū uwa maila ma ka luna (ka mea nona o elima Stalin waiwai pio:!) Sculptor Tomsky, ka mea ma hope iho ua hai aku ia Gogol kia ma luna o Gogol Boulevard o kona kilo kala ino. Excuses wikiwiki: ka mea, e olelo aku, mai i manawa e hana hou qualitatively, no ka mea, ua pono e malama i hua'ōlelo - a hiki i ka lā hoʻomanaʻo haneri o ka make ana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo.

Ma hope o ka hōʻike o ka hopena o ka makahiki hana wawahi ae la i kekahi mea e like nä Temepela hou. Ike aku i ke kia hoʻomanaʻo no ka lānai hou-hanau N. V. Gogolyu, i ka lehulehu i walawala ai (a hoohikilele au ia). Ano, i ka mea kākau o ka nani kia me ka ia wä, smug palapala "Mai ka Soviet aupuni" (i ka mea i kiʻi luhi o ka hana ana i lealea no ka oi ma mua o ka hapalua o ka kenekulia) ku i ka 'ē aʻe lōʻihi: e puku i ka maʻi, dejected Classics ua heʻano o kaʻoluʻolu "hula kumu" - akaaka, i loko o ka pōkole lae hoʻoholo ai. Kekahi, noonoo iho la ia hou pana aku la ia i kekahi "masterpiece" caricature, a me ka poʻe poetry caustic epigrams.

Ke kiʻi hiki no hoi e kona olioli ole

Kapaau Andreev dismantled i kakahiaka nui me 1951, a hiki i ka noa wahi e kūkulu i kekahi mea hou, e ku-i kia i ka Gogol (ka mea makemake e kû ana i ka lanakila o nō ma luna o ka pouli ka lanakila).

Ma mua, "i kaumaha kumuhana" melemele Nikolai makemake e hoopai aku (hoouna maule iho), akā, ke kookoo o ka Moscow kuhikuhipuʻuone Museum kupaianaha iaʻi hoolaia hana noʻeau. Ma ka hopena, ua he manawa pōkole i maopopo nä haumäna. A hiki i 1959, ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i waiho disassembled i loko o ka lala o ka iau o Nyos i loko o ka mua Donskoy hoailona:ʻaneʻi loaʻa malumalu nui hua'ōlelo i makemake Soviet'ōnaehana sculptures kinikini huahelu me facades luku Moscow ekalesia, no ka laʻana.

I ka 1959, o ka "kaumaha" o ka mea kākau moʻolelo hoʻi i Moscow, a loaʻa i ka hale i loko i na makahiki hope o kona ola, ua noho iho la (hale no i helu A. Tolstoy). Townspeople aku nei au i kekahi mau mea nui ma Nikitsky Boulevard e ike hiki e noho ana, a ku kia i Gogol i ka ia manawa. I kekahi manawa, i ka wa o ka hana o Tomsk hoʻohana i, ma o ka hana o ka 1952 ike a me ka hanohano, hoomaopopo, no kekahi laʻana, i ka mea mea maikaʻi e pono i loko o ka laekahi 'nana o ka wahi.

I loko nō o ka mea i ka manaʻo o ka make ana o na kia hoʻomanaʻo i o ka Soviet au hou he nui e ole makemake, ka manawa ma ka "leʻaleʻa" Nikolai Vasilyevich hooweliweli. I ka Ia manawa, kilo'ōlelo aku nei au i ka ho'āʻoʻana, e hoʻi ai i ka mōʻaukala kia i loko o kona wahi mea fraught me unforeseen complications: Uaʻelemakule hale, i amo ke hoʻopilikia maoli ia - ia mea maikaʻi, e haʻalele i na mea e like me ka mea mau. Aka, he mea hiki ole, e hoʻopaʻapaʻa ana me ka mea e mau o ke kia hoʻomanaʻo i Gogol - mea maikaʻi ma mua o kekahi.