World Mū Kākela champion - i ke alii o ka Mū Kākela honua

He nui ike ia haʻuki tempers meaola ao e Hardy a, wiwoʻole, a hiki i ka pahu hopu. Naʻe, i kēia mea mamao aku, mai a pau. New kekahi kōkua e hoala mai i ka nui o ka 'imi naʻauao? Acaeoey. An maikaʻi kumu hoʻohālike o ka Mū Kākela. Ka hapanui o kanaka i kapa ai i keia holoholona hihiu me lealea a me kekahi o na aoao e hele i ka manawa. Inā e komo malalo iho, ua hiki ke ike ia Mū Kākela mea he nui loa o kāna mau hoʻolālā a me ka mahalo sport. Ua i kona mau luna kiʻekiʻe, he nui loa kekahi mau papa hana i hana likeʻole kahua kolepa a me Competition. Na wale koena unuhi mai nā Mū Kākelaʻeleu laha 'o ka mea i ka nâ Pâʻani' Olumepika papa inoa, ka mea, i ole. Oiai kēiaʻano o ka uku ia kāna i laila. No laila,ʻo kēlā makahiki elua i loko o ke ao nei Olympiad ua paʻa, i,ʻo ole wale Mū Kākela poe koa e ae iwaena o na wahine a me na kanaka, akā, i ka beginners ka poe i makemake i ko lakou poʻokela hana i ka hōʻike

Ke kumu o nā haʻuki: Mauna chaturanga

Aia He He kaʻao e like me i keia holoholona hihiu ua paa i loko o ke ola o ke kaiāulu. Once ma luna o ka manawa i loko o Inia, he Brahmin (kahuna) hana Chaturanga - lealea, a ua he papa me mika pāhoʻonui lua o alternating ano. Mau keena hōʻike huahelu. Kēia holoholona hihiu ia i ai i hānau ai i loko o ka hale aliʻi o ke aliʻi - ka Raja. Ka hana mea hou i hana muaʻole He ai oluolu no i ke kanaka o ka rula ana i ka ia nā kumu kāki ia? Aaei Brahmin koho ka mea ana i makemake. A me ke kahuna noi timidly ka palaoa. Akā, i loko o ia ke ala i ka mua halepaahao ua initially Kipaku kekahi hua liilii. Ka lua o aeea no elua, he kolu ua pono e waiho eha mānoanoa, a no laila, ma luna o. Ua hope i waho i ka ai i loko o ke aupuni Ua lawa ole, i mea e uku ai no ka mahalo makana Brahmin. Ke kiʻekiʻe, ka mea hihiu i ua Hoʻololi iki. I ka papa kuhikuhiE koena unuhi mai Mū Kākela Chaturanga o ka helu ana o âlapa pôhili. Inā mau âlapa pôhili me, ka hihiu kahiko e leie aku oe e hui pu iho la mau hui o nā kanaka komo 'ana i loko o ke kēiaʻano likeʻole. Kapuai ma Chaturanga manao ma ka hoolei ana i dice.

'ōnaehana poe

Ke kiʻekiʻe o ka holoholona hihiu hohola iho la ma o ka poepoe honua. Ua mea noteworthy mea aole haipule, aole hoi i pili aupuni kaiāulu i kekahi mea ku ei keia lealea. Currently, i ka papa kuhikuhiE hoʻolālā hana okoa kahua kolepa o ka International Mū Kākela Hui, piliwaiwai abbreviated. Mea, ua hookumuia ia ma ka twenties o ka iwakalua kenekulia. I ka pau ana o ka lua o Ka Wā Kaukani, ke ao nei Mū Kākela champion Garry Kasparov i hana i ka PCA - Mea Pâʻani Mū Kākela Ahahui, i wale ekolu makahiki hele ana. Eia naʻe, i loko o ia he pōkole wā o ka manawa ia e hoʻokele i "forge" he wahi lihi iki o ka 'âlapa ikaika. World Mū Kākela champion, aʻo a me ka maopopo i kou akamai ma o ka PCA, ua noʻonoʻo he "kanaka koa o ka Classic hihiu."

Young talena mai Norway

Inā noʻonoʻo i ka sport i ka mōʻaukala lōʻihi o? Acaeoey, kūwaho hoʻi kahua kolepa o uaʻia ma luna o ia nei i ekemu ae. Ke kaua hope loa no ka Mū Kākela lei aliʻi i paʻa i kekahi mau mahina aku nei. I ka hakakā, i i paʻa i loko o Chennai, India, hōʻike i ka hoolohe i ka nani loa result. No ka mea manawa mua i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka hoʻokûkû poʻokela pio ia e ia i kekahi keiki. He iwakalua-mau Norewai Magnus Carlsen i i hookoia ai ka inoa o ka "World Mū Kākela poʻokela." Ma ka maikaʻi kaua lanakila 'o ia i kekahi keiki grandmaster ka Mauna haku Vishvanatana Ananda. I wale umi pāʻani hoʻokûkû pau i loko o ka lokomaikai o ka mea opiopio grandmaster. I keia la, ke he honua Mū Kākela champion mai Norway luna hoʻi o ka papa inoa o na âlapa pôhili me loa poʻokela o ko ke ao nei. Kēia kūlana kiʻekiʻe lua ma hope o Magnus Carlsen Levon Aronian mea. Pani nā alakaʻi ekolu i hele mai mai Rusia ka Vladimir Kramnik. Ma waho mea hana hoʻonanea Mū Kākela, Magnus Carlsen ua ai ia iho i loko o ka hōʻikeʻia nani hana. Kona kiʻi pinepine Ua wehi i ka uhi o ka mea kaulana Magazine GQ.

Back hale pāʻani

Mua ao Mū Kākela champion, i hānauʻia ma India. Kona inoa - Viswanathan Anand. Ua lanakila i ka inoa o ka maikaʻi i poʻokela 'i loko o ke ao nei i ka 2007. Hanau grandmaster i loko o ka moku'āina o Madras i ka makahiki 1969. Ke kumu mua ua i kona makuahine Indian. Ua ao mai la ia i ka wā e hiki mai ana o ke kaulana Luna Nui akamai i "moena". Viswanathan lilo koke no i ka mea maikaʻi loa pâʻani pôpeku ma India. Mai ka makahiki 1993, Anand ana 'oe e komo i loko o kekahi mau kahua kolepa o ko ke ao nei mau hoʻokûkû poʻokela. Ka inoa o ka "World Mū Kākela poʻokela" Hindu i loaʻa i loko o 2007, kuikui no Vladimir Kramnik. A makahiki ma hope, Viswanathan Anand hōʻoia ana i kona inoa ana kue Bonn. I ka 2013, ka Indian hiki i ka wahi o ka opiopio Norewai.

Aloha Soviet haku

Vladimir Kramnik ke kaiāulu kanaka, ikeia like me ka umikumamaha honua Mū Kākela champion. Aina mea he loea grandmaster Tuapse. Aia a Vladimir i hanau i ka 1975. Kramnik o kekahi o ka poe me ka hanohano a me ka haaheo o ka inoa o ke koa o "panina Mū Kākela" e like me ka Mea Pâʻani Mū Kākela Ahahui. Eia hou kekahi, Vladimir Borisovich ua pono ka pono Lūkini haku o ka haʻuki i loko o kēia palapala.

I ka makahiki 1991, Kramnik i haawiia mai i ka inoa o International Grandmaster. Up a hiki i keia wahi i kona ho'āliʻi aku iā haʻi e piʻi like i ka inoa o ka honua champion i waena o Junior. Vladimir uaʻaʻole pono brilliantly poe Rusia ma kūwaho hoʻi Competition i loko o ke aupuni hui.

Ka mea mua nui ka lanakila no Kramnik i ka lanakila i ka 2000. Ua Ua laila, i loko o London, ka Lūkini i ka "kokoolua" i kona compatriot, o ka mua ao nei champion Garry Kasparov. ʻEhā mau makahiki ma hope, halawai Vladimir ma ka Mū Kākela papa me Peter Leko. Ma hope o ka lōʻihi paio ka Lūkini kokua aku i kona kiʻekiʻe. I ka 2006 alu Kramnik e like me ka PCA honua inoa me ka ia inoa ma ka piliwaiwai, e lanakila ana ma ka unification ń Veselina Topalova. A makahiki ma hope o kona hala ae i ke kūlana kiʻekiʻe o ke kanaka maoli o Inia - Viswanathan Anand.

ʻumikumamākolu World poʻokela

Kekahi 'ano maikaʻi-ike huahelu i loko o ke ao nei o ka Mū Kākela o Garry Kasparov. Grandmaster i hanau i ka makahiki 1963. A maoli o Baku mua i hanau i ka inoa o Weinstein. No ka mea manawa mua he Mū Kākela papa i kona makua kāne kanu. Harry i laila, elima makahiki. I ka 1976 ua ka mua nui kekahi hanana i loko o ke olaʻana o ke keiki, a me ka ia i lilo i ke koa o ka USSR Mū Kākela Championship. Mau makahiki ma hope Kasparov brilliantly lanakila ma ka hoʻokûkû, "Sokolsky Memorial", i i paʻa i loko o Minsk. Ma keia hanana, Harry i ua hookoia i ka inoa o ka Haku o Sports.

I ka makahiki 1980, Kasparov pau ke kula i kekahi mekala gula. Ka Ia makahiki i waeʻia e koe kekahi hanana nui i loko o ka uʻi kanaka ka ola. Ma Dortmund, ua hookoia i ka inoa o ka honua champion i waena o Junior. I ka manawa, Kasparov i ka muli loa grandmaster i loko o ke ao nei.

I ka makahiki o ka umikumamawalu opiopio talena i ke koa o ka USSR. Ka mua ia auoiaea o GM i kanaka makua haʻuki i wahi i ka makahiki 1984. Kona hoa ua Anatoly Karpov. Play he pāʻani o ka honua Mū Kākela champion i ka mooolelo ma ka lōʻihi like 'ole. Ke ń mau ae la ia no kekahi mau mahina, mai September 1984 a hiki i Pepeluali 1985. Ka hoʻokûkû Ua lanakila 'o ia e Karpov. I ka halawai hou ana o na Artists elua i paʻa i loko o September 1985. Ka wahi o ka Competition ua Moscow. Heʻaneʻi, a me ka hōʻike '13 honua Mū Kākela champion. Ka mea, lilo Garry Kasparov, ka poe i lanakila aku ai maluna o ka mua "Alii o ka papa a me ka pawn" me ka heluʻai o 13:11. A hiki i ka hoʻomaka o ke kenekulia iwakalua-mua, he loea grandmaster Ua pinepine ae la oia hoao kona kuleana e i ke kiʻekiʻe mua ma luna o ka piliwaiwai mana, a laila, e like me ka PCA. Umikumamalima makahiki ma hope o ka hanana momentous o ka Lūkini haku hoʻokûkû ia i nalowale i kona compatriot Vladimir Kramnik. Alaila, o ka inoa o ka honua champion i nalowale kekahi.

hooku iho la ia i ka inoa

Anatoly Karpov o ka umikumamalua o ka honua Mū Kākela champion. Hânau 'ia i loko o ke kūlanakauhale Lūkini o Zlatoust,ʻo ia i hānau i loko o 1951. Ma o kona makua kāne Karpov ma ka makahiki o ka elima makahiki, mua aʻo e pili ana i ke ao nei o ka Mū Kākela. Ma heʻumikumamāhā, Anatoly lilo i ka haku o nā haʻuki i loko o kēia palapala. An hana hoihoi nui, e hoike ana i ka loaa ana i ka inoa o ka honua champion Karpov. Me ka loaʻa maikaʻi i nā hualoaʻa ma ka Junior ihoiho, ke keiki talena i loaa i ka lahui kahua. Kona hoa ua ia e Robert Dzheyms lawaiʻa. Naʻe, koke ma mua o ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ka ÷ ń ka American hoole e komo. Ke'ōlelo mai, no ka umikumamalua o ka honua champion Anatoly Karpov loaa ka inoa. Ma mahope makahiki, GM ua hoao ia oia mea pono e komo i ka inoa o ka mea kūpono kiʻekiʻe. Mū Kākela pôpeku loa ana hana ma ia wahi Competition. Ma no o kona lanakila ma Milan i ka 1975. Ma hope o ka Italia lanakila i ukali e ole emi kilakila E hana 'ia i loko o Manila, Rovinj-Zagreb a me na kulanakauhale e ae. Karpovʻekolu manawa kanaka koa o ka USSR. Grandmaster kekahi paʻa i ke ao nei mooolelo no ka hapanui Amelika Huipû. Iloko o ka wa holoʻokoʻa o ka haʻuki 'Aʻohe kanaka, ua hiki ke hoʻokō i na hualoaʻa, i hiki Anatoly Karpov.

American Bobby

Robert Dzheyms lawaiʻa - ke ao nei Mū Kākela champion mua, mai kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia. ka mea, ua kapaʻiaʻo ia Bobby honua kaiāulu. Ka Magazine "Mū Kākela Information" ka inoa o ka mea maikaʻi loa i poʻokela 'ana ma ka' Amelika iwakalua kenekulia. Gift ka hoʻokani Mū Kākela ia wehe i ke kaikuwahine. Bobby 'Imi ulu lākou nā mākau, a ma ka makahiki o ka umikumamakolu eo la oia i ka US inoa ma ka Mū Kākela mawaena o ui kanaka. A makahiki ma hope, a hookiekie ae ia i kona kūlana i loko o ka makua Poʻokela Honua, e lilo ana i ka muli loa 'âlapa i loaʻa i kunewa pomaikai nui i loko o ia ka manawa'ōpio wale nō. I ka makahiki o ka umikumamalima, Fischer lilo i grandmaster, e waiho ana ma ke kua o no ka hopena o Borisa Spasskogo, loaa ka inoa i loko o nā makahiki. Me ka ia wahi, a me ka mea mua Mū Kākela pôpeku Bobby World Hoʻokûkû. I ka makahiki 1972, Fischer waiho "moena" o ka Soviet-Palani grandmaster, a loaʻa i ka inoa.

Ka umi e uwa o ka Poʻokela Honua

Boris Spassky Ua hanau ia ma 1937 ma Leningrad. Aʻu i aʻo e pāʻani Mū Kākela i ka makahiki o elima makahiki. Ma ke kanalima o ka iwakalua kenekulia Boris no ka manawa mua i loko o ke kahua hope o ka Poʻokela Honua o ka USSR, a me ka brilliance Huipû hapa. I ka hookahi makahiki, Spassky Ua hookoia ka inoa o International Grandmaster. I ka makahiki o kanakolu-nā makahiki,ʻo ia lilo honua Mū Kākela koa ma ka aiʻulupā Tigran Petrosian. A mau makahiki ma hope? Aaeaao kiʻekiʻe Amelika Bobby Fischer.

Soviet grandmasters

Tigran Petrosian Ua hanau ia ma 1929 ma Tbilisi. Poʻo inoa Ka mea o ka lahui grandmaster Mū Kākela Soviet loaa i ka makahiki 1952. Ma hope o ka manawa e lilo he na¯ kumu kula paʻa ka Haku o Sports o ka Soviet Union. Ma ka lanakila i ka moho Hoʻokûkû i ka 1962, Tigran hele ao holoʻokoʻa. Aia eo ia i ke ao nei inoa, i huiia ma mua o kona compatriot Mikhail Botvinnik. ʻEhiku mau makahiki ma hope, i ka inoa e hele ai a hiki i Borisu Spasskomu.

Ka papa inoa o nā Winners o ka honua mau hoʻokûkû poʻokela Kīwala'ō ma lalo o ka Soviet Mū Kākela poe koa e ae iwaena o na kanaka o ke ao nei. Ma waho aʻeo ia mau mea, ka mea, i nā Vasily Smyslov, Aleksandr Alehin, Mikhail Tal a me Mikhail Botvinnik. Ka hope o ka mua Soviet champion i loko o kēia sport.

Mikhail Botvinnik Ua hanau ia ma 1911 ma Vyborg mokuna. kona hanau He kanakolu-ehiku makahiki ma hope o Mikhail i honua Mū Kākela koa ma ka aiʻulupā ka hoa paio, mai Part I Maksa Eyve. No ka mea, a pau manawa o ke komo i loko o ka Competition Botvinnik hoʻokani umikumamalua haneri aoao.

Eʻoi mai ana kekahi i kekahi inoa

Ma mua ma Mikhail Botvinnik, pono ai ka noho Eyve - lima o ka World Mū Kākela poʻokela. Kona aina hanau o Part. I ka eha makahiki, i ke keiki i hoihoi i ka Mū Kākela. I kona makahiki he umi, hoomaka ae la oia e komo i loko o Competition. A i ka makahiki 1935 mamuli, Max Euwe i i hookoia ai ka inoa o ka honua Mū Kākela champion.

Ke poʻo inoa Ka hala ia mea, no laila, e'ōlelo aku, ili mai GM Aleksandra Alehina. Soviet Mū Kākela pôpeku no ka hala loa o ka lōʻihi manawa aku Kīwala'ō i ka'ē aʻe 'âlapa. Ka inoa o ka honua Mū Kākela champion Alekhine ana ma hope o ka hoʻokûkû unbeaten Hose Raulem Capablanca i ka makahiki 1927. Once ka inoa i ua nalowale. Ua hiki i ka makahiki 1935 mamuli o ka ń me Maksom Eyve. Eia naʻe, ma hope o kekahi mau manawa o ka inoa i hoihoi hou ia. Soviet grandmaster o ka wale kanaka i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka lealea, ka mea i make undefeated.

"Ka Tureke"

I ka 1888,ʻo ia i hānau i loko o Havana Jose Raul Capablanca-a-Graupera. ka mea, ua kapaʻiaʻo ia "Ka Tureke" i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka Mū Kākela. Pela Capablanca kahea aku i ka wa e kaawale aku o ka wahaheʻe i na aoao elua. Cuban champion inoa lanakila 'o ia i ka 1921. Kona hoa ua Emanuel Lasker. Capablanca konane hale hoʻokamakama grandmaster ana lōʻihi ma mua o ka kahua. Eia naʻe, Lasker no hiki ole nei e pāʻani me ka opiopio tālena. Ka paulele o ka lanakila, kekahi ma hope o kekahi alualu Jose Raul, oiai i ka makahiki 1927, ka mea i ole kahea no ka ń Aleksandr Alehin. A laila, i ka lei o ke Mū Kākela honua aliʻi hoʻololi kona mea nana ka waiwai. Ka mea, lilo iho la i kekahi kanaka maoli o ka Soviet Union.

ʻike manaʻo, a me ka holoholona hihiu

Mahele World Mū Kākela poʻokela - Emanuel Lasker. He Ua hanau ia ma 1868 ma Germany. He nona ka mooolelo kupaianaha ma ka Mū Kākela honua: ka German kuʻikahi inoa no no iwakalua ehiku makahiki. Keia i ike ole e hiki mai ai i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka haʻuki. He nui nā kānakaʻepekema kāhea Lasker "paionia" i loko o ka mahinaʻai o ka manaʻoʻike hoʻokokoke i ka hana o ka Mū Kākela. I ka 1894 ma ka World Championship ma New York Emanuel ka mua lanakila. He Ua hookoia i ka inoa o ke koa. He ua ana hana mai i ka 68 makahiki.
I ka 1836, Palaka i hanau Vilgelm Steynits - ka mua ao Mū Kākela champion. Kona mau kānāwai i ka weliweli no hopena ma luna o ka hou holomua kūpono 'ana o ka mea a pau mōʻaukala o ka Mū Kākela. World inoa Ua haawiia mai ia Steinitz ma kekahiʻano oʻo makahiki. I ia manawa he kanalima makahiki.