General Karl Wolff: Kawaihae, mōʻaukala, ki nā lā a me nā hanana

Karl Wolf - SS mau mea i loaa kaulana i loko o ka Soviet Union, pili kēia i ke aloha i ka mea kākau moʻolelo Yulianu Semenovu a me kona puke ", he umikumamahiku O Pele o Hao", ma a ka eponymous 12-hapa TV movie, nolaila ia i kuu ma luna o ka pale o ka aina i i ka 1973. Naʻe, ka mea, ua wale ma-pale ano, a me ka mea maoli Kawaihae Volfa Karla, ke kumu nui nā lā a me nā hanana a i wahi i loko o kona ola, e e ho'ākāka 'ia ma hope ma keia Haawina.

e hoomaka ana mai o ke alanui

Karl Friedrich Otto Wolff Ua hānauʻia ma luna o May 13th 1900 ma Darmstadt (German aupuni a) i loko o ka 'ohana Kuhina, no ka loio i mea. I kona ua 17 kona mau makahiki, oia hāʻawi manawaleʻa e hui i ka poe koa. I ka pau ana o ka First World, oia ua loaʻa iā ia i ke ano o ka lutanela, a hoʻolilo 'ia' e like me ka Iron kea I a me II papa.

Wolff i e ho'āʻo iā ia iho i loko o sīwila ola - ka mea, ua he kalepa a me ka hui panakō. Oia ka laulā o ka hana ia,ʻaʻole i ka iho: keia ua nui hoʻokumu ai i kona mare ana i ke kaikamahine a kekahi o ka mea nui German industrialists - kāʻei kua Renthelda paa i ka 1923. Koke ia i wehe i kona mau poʻe, pū ma kalepa a me ka 'uao.

'oihana p

Like ka hapanui o na koa nā limahana o ka mea kahiko German aupuni a pau, Karl Wolff i waena o ka Nazis. Ke SS, a me ka NSDAP alaila komo aeʻano lohi - i ka 1931. Naʻe, i ka pōkole ola ia e hoʻokele i loaa i ke kaulana me ka malie, ka paulele a me kona mau mokuna; kanaka i ka nui aloha, a ua mahaloia subordinates. I kakahiaka September 1933, ua hoonohoia oia i adjutant o Genriha Gimmlera, ka Reichsfuehrer SS.

Au pono aku nei au i ka oihana koa mea Volf Karl pela ole? Anoee. Kona kula i ke kaua no ia. I mea, ia i oi ma mua o hui panakō, a ma ka hana, o ka kaʻoihana kālā o ka SS. No ia mea, ua oluolu loa, e hana e like me ka mea, ua kokoke ano laulea me ka hana kaiāulu o Germany. E like me kekahi hoike, lilo 'o ia i ke kumu nui initiator o ka hanaia'na o ka ai-kapaia SS Mug makamaka. Kēia hui nā like me ka luna hoʻokele o kela poe, a me ka ano o kanaka ole wale kākoʻo Nazi kūkulu 'ia, akā, no hoi, e kōkua Waiwai ia. no hoi i Wolf kaʻeleu loa i loko o ka hana ana o ka hōʻailona SS, hoʻomohala i ke kumu o ka Teutonic mysticism.

loulou

Mai 1936, he kokoke Ally a me ka hoa kamailio o Himmler i Karl Wolf. Ua i ka mea nana no kekahi mau makahiki lawe mai i ka pilina ma waena o kona aʻa Makehewa a Hitler. Himmler Ua nui loa mahalo i kona limahana, a noonoo i kona hoapili. Kēia Ua e hoikeike ai ma ka mea e Wolff pu aku la aneane wahi i loko o ka lehulehu huakaʻi, halawai, a hiki ma ke kipa 'ana i "ka make mau wahi i hoomoanaʻi."

I ka 1943, i ko lakou pili deteriorated kekahi. Ke kumu o ko lākou hakakā i ke oki mare a me ka hou-mare Wolf. Akā, manaʻo huhū keia, Hitler ka hilinai i loko ona ua nō limitless. Ma ka haule ana o ka 1943 Wolf loaa i ka hou koho, a hele aku la i Italia. Hereʻo ia i ka mea kiekie Führer o ka makai, a me ka SS, a me elua mahina ma hope - i kuhikuhi i ka fascist aupuni o Benito Mussolini.

ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ke kūkā'

Kona ike mua ana i ka imminent'opi o ka Apana Reich, Schellenberg, pu me Himmler manao, e hookupaa i ka hui 'ana me' Amelika manao keʻena ma lalo nei. A hou i loko o ke kūlana o ka uwapo ku i ka ia a pau ho'āʻo a ho'āʻo Wolff. He hooponopono iho i e hookupaa nui ae i ka mea i makemakeʻia ke ma Pope Pius XII. I ka hoʻomaka o Malaki 1945 Wolf i halawai mua ma Ascona, Kuikilana me ka hui o Americans, alai ae ia e Allen Dulles, kahi hahai ana no lakou i ka hoihoi o ka German Army i loko o ka Apennines.

Aie i ka mea i Washington a me Moscow i ia manawa, he allies, March 12 Americans manao e hai aku i ke Aupuni Soviet o ka eu ke kūkā '. Ke aʻo 'ana i keia, Stalin koi i komo i loko o ia, a me kona mau' elele, akā, i hōʻole. Hope, o ka US elele a hiki i ka Soviet Union Harriman wehewehe keia olelo hooholo ma ka olelo ana i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia makau i ka'opi o na nā kūkākūkā no ka mea, o ka mea unacceptable keia i ke pahu i ka poeikohoia o ka USSR.

Ka hope loa ke kahua

Ia manawa, a me na lono i Karl Wolff e lawelawe ai i kekahiʻano o ia me ka Americans, a hiki i Bormann, ho'āʻo e hoʻohana i kēia pu kāleka i loko o kā lākou holoholona hihiu, e ku e Genriha Gimmlera, mea, a me Schellenberg i ka ia i ka mea hope loa, e hoola i ke kūkākūkā kaʻina.

Iloko o keʻano o ka Americans aole ia i waiho i na mea pohihihi e pili ana i ka mana o ka Wolf, like hoʻi me ka SS ka hiki e hoonohonoho ia i ka nui hanana like me ka capitulation o ka Kelemānia poʻe hao wale hoʻonohoʻia i loko o ka mokuna o Fascist Italy. Kēia mistrust ua aie i ka mea i ka Kelemānia huahelu i ka manawa i kauoha mai ai ma ka Field Ilamuku A. Kesselring.

hoihoi

I mea e dispel nā mea pohihihi Americans, Wolff i, e haawi aku i ko lakou hou allies palapala 'o Nazi poʻe hao wale i loko o Italy. I ka wā e hiki mai, i kēia mau palapala kokua i ka US, e kūkulu i ka pono kumumanao o ka hoouka ma ka Peninsula.

I ka pau ana o Aperila makahiki 1945, ka wā o ka lanakila Ally kūpono 'ma Italy, Wolf hope ae la i ka mea mana ma ka mea e manao nei i ka loa-kakali truce. April 29,ʻo ia a me Heinrich av Vietinghoff me na hoailona hoi i nā hua'ōlelo o ka hoihoi o ka poʻe hao wale Nazi ma ka Apennines a pau.

Ke kia-kaua Kawaihae

Karl Wolff, kue i na ano, ma hope o ka capitulation o Nazi Germany a me kona hana ma Ally poʻe hao wale i i hūnā, akā, ma ka mea ku ole, i ka manao ole i ka kala, a me kekahi uku, mai ka Winners. Pela hoi, aole i ka ke kūkā 'ia i wahi ma Kuikilana, la oia i mea hoike ia ma hope o ka haule ana o Hitler manao e loaa ia ia ma o ka hou German aupuni moʻomanaʻo o Kalaiaina lawelawe. Akā, me ke ku ei kona mau 'upu', la oia i hopu ia e ka Americans i ka 1946, hoahewa ia ma Germany.

I ka hoohewaia e hahau aku la ia ia eha makahiki o ka hana mau wahi i hoomoanaʻi. Karl Wolff Ua hookuu i ka 1949. I loko nō o ka mea i loko o kona hoʻopaʻahao, oia nalowale aneane na mea a pau i loko o ka hoʻomaka o ka 1950s, maikaʻiʻana ua hiki aku kona mau mea i ka nui o ka mea i loko o kona maikai makahiki.

lua o ka hopu

Richard Breitman, he mea kākau moʻolelo ma Harvard University, i mai la ia ma ka 'oihana i loko o ka naʻe, a i wahi ma ka pau ana o ke kaua, e like me ka pono me ka pilikino noi o Allen Dulles, i hoolaia mai ai lakou Wolff ola. I ole ia, he mua Nazi mau, e like me ka kaua karaima, makemake e destined e noho i loko o ka pae ma Nuremberg, e hiki mai ana i kona mua aʻa Makehewa Kaltenbrunner. A pau i ka oi no laila, no ka mea o ka Allies i na kumu i.

No ke aha la e Americans i hana ai pēlā? Akā, i ka oiaio o ia i loko o kēia kahua o ka Wolf ke hōʻike loa he okoa mana e pili ana i ana i ka hoihoi aku i loko o Italia, a o ka naʻe, i makemake e me ka nui loa okoa mai ka luna, na poe e Allen Dulles. Eia hou, i ka hiki i ka hoʻomaopopo pono o ka mua loa ke negatively pili i ke kaulana o ka Office American o Kākou mau Services, ma ke kumu o ka a ka CIA hana, a i irreparable poino i ka holoʻokoʻa Allyʻahahui.

Kēia manaʻo manao e eʻoiaʻiʻo like koke ma hope o ka resignation o Dulles, i mai ai ma 1961 me ka hopena o ka hoao ole e hele io lākou lā Americans no Cuba, Ua hopu hou Karl Wolff. I keia manawa, ua kau ka Kelemānia Aupuni mua ia ia ia i ka malama ana o ke kōkua pūʻia a me abetting ka extermination o ka oi aku 300 tausani. People. Eia ka mea, ua i ka ninau o ke deportation o Polish Iudaio ma ka lehulehu mau wahi i hoomoanaʻi, kahi kokoke i ke kulanakauhale o Treblinka. Wolf, e like me kekahi e manaʻo nei, o ka papa, hōʻole kekahi komo i loko o ka mohaikuni, Kuhikuhi 'ia kona forgetfulness.

A mau makahiki mua ana i ka hālāwai hoʻolohe manaʻo i loko o keia hihia. Ma ka hopena, i haawiia mai ai i ka verdict ma September 1964: 15 makahiki i loko o ka hale paʻahao. Naʻe, ua hookuu ia Hitler ka mua General Karl Wolff nui mamua - i ka makahiki 1971. Ke kumu no ka mea kakahiaka nui hoʻokuʻu - no ka ola kumu. He make i loko o ka waena o Iulai 1984 i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Rosenheim (Bavaria, Germany).