Hoʻokahuli aupuni Rudzutak Jan Ernestovich: Kawaihae, mōʻaukala a me ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo o ke ola

I ka wā e hiki mai hoʻokahuli aupuni Rudzutak Yan Ernestovich i hanau August 15, 1887 ma ka liʻiliʻi aina Caune Lakawia. Kona mau makua, he maʻamau kauwa. ke keiki i ka hoʻonaʻauao i kaupalena 'ia nā papa ma ke kula County. I ka makahiki o ka makahiki 18, Ian hui i ka aoao RSDLP, a ma hope, ua pale i ka manaʻo o ka Mensheviks hui i ka Bolsheviks.

Junior hoʻokahuli aupuni

Aina Rudzutak ua he Lakawia, no laila kona aoao hana i uaʻano nui pili ia me kona'āina hānau. He i ka inoa o ka lola honua Pumpur Vindavsky, a poai puni i ka kūloko Komite RSDLP. Ka hui Ua hoʻomaka koke ho onui ana ka ikaika a me ka ulu ana. Rudzutak Jan Ernestovich kuleana no ka halihali ana i Latvia puka puke, pepelu, me na mea kaua, propaganda nupepa i i lawe mai ai ma luna o nā moku, mai kahi'ē, ma lalo o kaʻaʻahu o ka oihana waiwai.

Hana ia a pau mua koke make iho mua kipi o 1905-1906. Ua hopuia he nui activists i ka manawa, a hoomau iho la oia i ka makai i ka huli 'ana i ke koena o ka Bolsheviks, ikeia no kona'ano'ē kulana e ku ei na Aupuni. Me ka Recruitment o na wahine i kanu hoʻokahuli aupuni Luna o na makai malu e hoʻokele i hele mua ma ke alahele, a laila infiltrate i ka Vindavsky Komite. I ka 1909, ua hopu Rudzutak Yan Ernestovich a me ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka makahiki o nā makahiki 15 i loko o ka hale paʻahao.

1917 ua ka

Bolshevik, e like na mea he nui o kona mau hoa i ka pōʻino, i hookuu ia mamua o ka manawa no ka mea, o ka mea FeberuariʻOiʻenehana, a me ka hope e pili ana. Once ma ka waho, Rudzutak Jan Ernestovich koke hui i ka maʻa, ua i aku la ia ia i ka 'aoʻao hana. He lilo i kumu aʻo ma ka Moscow Regional Buro o Soviets. Ka loa nui hana o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni i, e hookupaa i ka hui 'ana me ka uniona kālepa o ka lole i loko o ka Central Lolina Māhele'. Ma kēia 'ia, i ka proletarian Bolsheviks ua maopopo lawe ia'ku, manaʻo pīhoihoi.

Loa koke Jan Ernestovich Rudzutak i koho kakauolelo o ka oihana hoao ana o ka lole poe hana o ka Moscow māhele. He hoʻonohonoho i ka nui hahau o ka 1917, a hoomaka iho la ma 21 October. Kēia keakea e kue ilihune hana kūlana Ua hele ia e 300 tausani poe hana. Papa hoʻolaukahi hana alakai i ka wehe ana o? Iecaianoaaiiie Shuya, Ivanovo-Voznesensk, Kostroma, Kineshma, moena. A mau lā ma hope o kēia mau hanana, Lenin nā kākoʻo o ke kahua i kekahi coup ma Petrograd. About ka loli o ka mana i loko o ka paukü Rudzutak, ka mea i loko o Moscow, aʻu i aoia ma ke kelepona. Bolsheviks a koke hoʻokumu mana hoʻomalu ma luna o ka First nohoalii.

Hana i loko o ka Aha Economic Aha

Ma May 1918, Yang Ernestovich Rudzutak lilo i lâlâ o ka Presidium o ka Aha Economic Council (ka Aha Economic Council). I ka Ia manawa hoomaka ae la oia e alakai i ka lole oihana. Mua he lâlâ o ka 'aoʻao ke ehuehu o ka hana nui loa nui - e hoihoi i ka hana hoʻi i kāpiliʻia. Eia hou, ka mea, he ia e nationalized. New kauoha hoʻonohonoho e aole loa a pau, no laila i ka hana i loko o ka Aha Economic Aha i ka piha kowali me ka noho. Ka pilikia uaʻAʻole wale i ka nele i ka hana. Me ka hou'aʻaʻa ka mea, ua hiki ole ke waiho i ka lānai hou hana Red Army.

I ka hoʻoneʻe i ke aupuni a hiki i Moscow, i ka Aha Economic Council mau halawai i kekahi manawa i paʻa i loko o ka Kremlin. Ma kekahi o ia Rudzutak Jan Ernestovich (hoʻokahuli aupuni, i kū'ē i ka luna o ka aoao, ua ike ole e noho i loko o ke pioʻana) halawai mai me Vladimir Lenin. Mau Bolsheviks loaʻa koke i kekahi mau 'ōlelo. A iki ma hope, Lenin kākoʻo i ka Initiative Rudzutak, e hāpai nei me ka hikiwawe e loaa e koi i ka lole, e noho ana i loko o nā lima o nā tycoons a me ka nui capitalists. Ka Aha Economic Council, laila, i loko o nā kino, no ka mea, o ka hookuku kaua kivila kaua, i lawe olelo hooholo ma ka poe ikaika no lakou.

I Central Asia

I ka 1922, ma hope o ka pio ana o ke keʻokeʻo, a me ka paa ana o Soviet mana i loko o ka hapanui o ka mua Russian aupuni a pau Yan Rudzutak i hoounaia mai ai i ka Central hawaiian Buro o ke Komite Central o ka CPSU (b), kahi ia i lilo Kūhiō. Ma kēia māhele 'āina nō koe ikaika nationalist olelo la. Basmachi posed hou i ka hoʻoweliweli 'ana i ka mea hou aupuni, nae, ma ke kamepiula kaua huahelu o ka Red Army. Mahiai noho ihola i loko o ka doldrums. Ke kumu o ka hawaiian hoʻokele waiwai Central ua pulupulu, akā, no ka mea, o ka mea kaua, a me ka luku ia, kena ae la ia i aneane i kanu.

No ka pāʻoihana i kēia mau pilikia a pau, a lawe aku la Ian Ernestovich Rudzutak. Ke Kawaihae o keia hoʻokahuli aupuni ka mea i like loa me ka Kawaihae o nā Bolsheviks o ka nalu mua. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka'ōhui o kauoha, oia mau ia i nā hana a me ka specialization o hanana hoʻololi. Ke aupuni 'ma Central Asia, ia kekahi manawa ma ka pāʻoihana nīnūnē kipa Moscow. No laila, i ka 1923 ia i loko o ka XII Ahaolelo Lahui o ka aoao mahele. Ma Bukhara, oia ua hiki i ka mahiʻai kaiaulu e hoihoi, a lawe mai i ke ola hou ana i ka maluhia papa. No keia hopena, ka mea i hoʻoili subsidization o Free hana e ae i ka poe ilihune, e lawe loan, a ke kūkulu kona hoʻokele waiwai.

People ka Commissar o aeaciua ai

I ka makahiki 1924, Rudzutak Yan Ernestovich (1887-1938) loaa i ka hou o kēia He lilo ka People ka Commissar o aeaciua ai. Ma hope o ke Kanawai War, haʻalele ka aina i me OOAOAaXUEE, pohole, a poino hi a me Loko, a hiki ole ke ku imua o ka haawe a me ka hilinai pinepine mai o ka mea. One-hapakolu o Soviet alahaka i luku. Kekahi hapalua pono ia e auou caiaiai, aie i ka mea i i kūkuluʻia kēia mau palapala ma ka XIX kenekulia, a ua obsolete.

Ua ua no hoi e pono ai e puku i ka 15 000 kilomika o aeaciui ai. Ka pāʻoihana i kēia mau pilikia a pau, a hoʻomaka Rudzutak Jan Ernestovich. Na hana o ka People ka Commissar Ua lilo nui no ke ola o ka mea a pau aupuni. Ma lalo o kona mau alakaʻi, he hoʻokahi alahao'ōnaehana i ua hana. E like me kekahi lehulehu hana, ma ke kaʻina i he wahi lihi iki o ka bureaucracy a me kaʻulaʻula leki, a i laila, kau i ke kaua.

Hoihoi hou ia ana mai o Soviet palapala

lawe oihana hoʻokahi makahiki ma hope, Yan Rudzutak hiki ke ho'āʻo mai i ka mua wahi lulu kakolina diesel locomotive kukulu ia ma Leningrad. Kēia hou pololei o ka amo ua nui aku ka hoʻokele waiwai ana hoʻohālike i hoʻohana mua. I ka 1926, ka halihali ma ka hoino aku no ka manawa mua loa i nā kiʻi mālama '-kaua.

Eia hou, i ke kuleana o ka People ka Commissariat o Hoʻokaʻa 'i kekahi muliwai a me ke kai a me ka'auwaʻa kânaka laina. Ua luku nui na awa, a haule moku. Ma muli o ka nele o ke dala Rudzutak ikaika kākoʻo i ka hana ana o ka poe liilii, muliwai moku i pau ka hoʻokele waiwai a me ka affordable nui'auwaʻa. I ka makahiki 1927, i ka People ka Commissar o aeaciua ai i manaoia e hoʻomaka kūkulu o ka Volga-Don Canal. Akā, i ua ole a pau. Nō hoʻi ma ka aina o Rostov ia? Oaony e deepen i ka Don, i ka manuwa moku ke hiki aku i ka muliwai i loko o ka wahi o ka mōhaiʻai i? Iecaianoaaiiuo (palaoa koe nui i kekahi hapa o ka waiwai hoʻolilo).

Ma ke poo o ka Party Na Makuahine

Hoohua haʻawina, a alakai Rudzutak like Commissar, hiki i alakai i kona gradual ala i ka 'oihana hulili. I ka 1931, ua lilo Luna hoomalu o ka Bolshevik Central Na Makuahine Komikina. Keia kino He kuleana no ka 'aoʻao ana. Alakai i ka hooponopono ana Yana Rudzutaka ku Valerian Kuibyshev a me Grigory Ordzhonikidze.

Office, i waena o nā mea a pau, komo pū i ka hoopii Buro, i loaa ia hoopii o ka hana me ka poʻe. Ke functioning o kēia mau kino i ke aupuni luna. Hakilo iho la lakou ma ka hooko ana o Lenin mau mea kanu, a loaʻa iā ia i puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi bureaucracy i loko o ke kula.

loea hoʻokuhikuhi

CCC hana lilo oi nui iloko o ka mea mua elua elima-makahiki kuka. No ka laʻana, i ka makahiki 1933 o ka pilikia a me ka lako o ka mea e hoohehee ai, o ka nui loa kila mea kanu ma ka aina i ka hoʻomaka 'ana. Ua hoʻemi? Iecaianoaaiiuo i loko o nā kula o Kuzbass a me Krivoi Rog. He Central Na Makuahine Komisina ua hiki ke 'imi a mobilize i ka waiwai me ke koe, a me laumania mai i ka hopena maikaʻi hopena o ka hoʻoponopono ulia.

Rudzutak, hooponopono iho i nā mea a pau kēia mau keʻano o ka hanaʻana, ka mea, ua pono, e waiho i ka mea maikaʻi o ko lākou nā mea hiki. Friends kaulana ia ma ka hale a pau he nui waihona, kahi ana i hoolilo nui o kona mau noa manawa. Ka hapa nui o ka Luna hoomalu o ka Central Na Makuahine Komisina ua hoihoi i loko o kālā, waiwai a me ka oaoieei moʻokalaleo.

Ka hopu 'ana a me ka hooko

I ka hopena o Yana Rudzutaka ua like no ka hopena o na mea he nui o kona mau nā hoapili i waena o ka mua o ka Bolsheviks, hui ka Party mua o ka kipi, a ku ano nui o ke aupuni a me ka 'aoʻao pūnaewele i loko o ka USSR. I ka 1937, oia i hopu. Ke hoopii komo pū kiu no Kelemania, a counterrevolutionary Trotskyist hope. Funnels no Rudzutak hele mai ia ia i ua ma kona dacha. Ian Ernestovich malie noho i loko o ke kaʻa, ma hope a ole i kekahi mea e ae i ike ai.

Mua Commissar Ua pana July 29, 1938. He lilo kekahi o na mea he nui i luahi o Stalinist weliweli. He nui na kula kiʻekiʻe 'luna aupuni o laila i pau ai i ka pono me Rudzutak Jan Ernestovich. Family o ka mea i make i kona hoʻopulapula ma ka makahiki 1956 ma hope o ka XX Party Ahaolelo Lahui.