Ka loa nani mau halelewa, o Rusia (kiʻi)

Castle - he pā kaua o ka feudal haku. Nā hua'ōlelo "ka laka '" a me ka "feudal" Ua oi pili i WesternʻEulopa. Ma Rusia, e hoʻokohu 'ia ia oi kupono hua'ōlelo "Kremlin" a me "ka haku hale". ʻO ka mea nui Lūkini landowners aohe pale. He mau aina.

I ko kakou aupuni, ma laila nō ma kahi o 100 mau mea e hāʻule ma lalo o ka mana o ka "hale kākela", "Kremlin", "pā kaua", "pā kaua". A pehea me kēia nui ka mua wahi? No ka mea, ma hope o nā mea a pau o ka pakaua - ia mea,ʻaʻole like ka pā kaua, a me ka oiaio ole o ka Kremlin.

Wili mea,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o ke Komohana

Russian medieval mau halelewa, aia i loko o ke komohana o ka aina. Ano ia mea kuhikuhipuʻuone a me ka mōʻaukala kia hoʻomanaʻo i, no ka mea, ua kūkuluʻia ka mea, pili kēia i loko o ka Middle Ages. Akā, i loko o ka XIX kenekulia, ua kekahi mau hale i loko o ke kaila oʻEulopa hale aliʻi o medieval pā i loko o Rusia. A, e nana ana i ia mau mea, e ike i keia mea i ka hale käkela, e like me ia i ho'ākāka 'ia ma poʻe hoʻokalakupua kaʻao, ma ka mea o ka hana o ke Alii i noho ai. A no laila, ia mea he aloha i kokoke a pau o ia mea, e haalele.

Kuekene pā

Malamaia kahiko Lūkini mau halelewa, i hoʻouna 'ia i kekahi momi like Vyborg Castle, a no i kekahi poe he uuku o ka mōʻaukala kia hoʻomanaʻo i, malamaia aneane loa. Aia i loko o ka Leningrad māhele mea mea he maikai mamuli o Western Europa medieval koa kuhikuhipuʻuone. Ua Ua kūkuluʻia ka lōʻihi manawa - mai ka 1293 a hiki i ka makahiki 1894. Mākou e hooulu ana i na mea i ka Swedes, ia ia i hele ai i loko o ke kolu o ka crusade i Karelia, he Ally o Novgorod ka Nui. Loa e luku i paa i Karels, mua aia ma Castle Island, ua kukuluʻaneʻi ka Swedes i ka hale kākela, ka pa mānoanoa o a ma 2 mika, ka mimiki hale kiai, ka mea i eha mau mika.

'Aʻole no laila, impregnable

No ka kenekulia, ka mea mana kākela i? Aeiino? Kekahi mau manawa, a ikaika ae la hoi, haliu ae la ia i loko o ka pā kaua impregnable. Eia naʻe, Peter I i ka 1710 ma hope o ka 2-malama hoopuni i ka pakaua. Ua Ua ua loa hoʻihoʻi, a ua hoʻonohoʻia nā Lūkini poʻe koa ma laila. Ma hope iho o ke ahi loa ikaika, i mai ai i ka 1856, o ka päkaua, waiho wale aku, akā, ma ka pau ana o ka XIX kenekulia mea hou i loko o piha e like me ka hana kuʻuna outlines, hoihoi hou ia. Iloko o ka Mahele World War ke kākela i hana ino iki mai. Ano, e ko ka hale o ka eponymous iau.

Halepaahao, a hōkaiʻia nā pā kaua naita

Ka papa o ka "wili o Rusia" e hoʻomau i ka hou kūlana uʻi a, a hoi i koena Butyrsky hale kākela. Naʻe, i kēia mea he hale paʻahao pā kaua. Ua Ua mua kukulu ia ma ke kauoha o Ana II like me ka hale paʻahao. mea kākau o ka papahana i ke kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone kaulana Matvei Kazakov. Lau a me ka hale kiaʻi ma nā kihi o ka hale käkela. I ke kikowaena ua i ka luakini i ka lukuʻia e ka Bolsheviks. Ano, Butyrka hoʻohana no kona Manao iho la ia mea: ka mea, o ka mea nui loa hoʻopaʻahao, Hoʻonaʻauao ma Moscow.

Ka papa o ka "Old Lūkini mau halelewa," nā Insterburg, Aia i loko o ka Kaliningrad māhele 'āina. Kēia bastion Ua kukulu ia ka Haku Dietrich av Altenburg i ka 1336. Ke kākela Uaʻino poino i ka Nui Patriotic War. Akā, he mea manaolana i ka mea e e hoihoi hou ia, akā, hoihoi hou hana ua hele loa lohi. Keia mea, ua ikeia ka makahiki naita kahua kolepa o.

Pearl o ka Black Sea mokuna

Ka loa nani mau halelewa, o Rusia i e na poe ma "ke ale wale iho i ka punana." 'Oiai, mai ka mōʻaukala wahi o ke hoomaopopo, i kēia hou hale, ia mea no ka maikai, pilialoha, a no laila, reminiscent o kahiko Europa, i mau pāpū ma i kāpae'ōlelo ia mea wale ole. Ua Ua kūkuluʻia kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Leonidom Shervudom, kona makuakane i ka mea kākau o ka papahana o ka Historical Museum ma Red Square. Sam Historical Museum i ka nani a Castle, a me Old halekiai ma ka ia manawa. Hana aku no ia i ka "ke ale wale iho i ka pūnana" i ka 1911, hala i kona maoli Germany Baron av Steinheil. Ma Rusia, ka mea i komo i loko o ka ulu ana o ka Bakuʻaila. Pearl o ka Black Sea mokuna kahi ma luna o ka pali holaKahua, ma ka kiʻekiʻena o 40 mika ma luna o ka 'ilikai, ma ke kulanakauhale o Gaspra ma Cape Ai-Todor.

Castle Northern Capital

St. Michael ka ai lunaʻenehana, kākela ma St. Petersburg, ina i ka loa maikai, i ka nui loa kia o ka kuhikuhipuʻuone, i ke hoʻoholo 'ia i ka moʻolelo o ke kuhikuhipuʻuone o Northern kapikala o ka XVIII kenekulia. Aʻu i kauoha aku ai ia ia Paul I. kēia wai kākela lilo i ka noho ana o kona make ana. Kākau o ka papahana - Vincenzo Brenna, makahiki o ka kūkulu - 1797-1801. Ua kapaʻia kona 'ole ua koi' ia i ka luakini Mihaila Arhangela (ka haipule o ka Hale o Romanov), ka mea i loko o ka imperial hale alii. Castle i haʻi mai iā ia, e kapa ana ia ia iho Paul I, no ka mea, kela mea keia mea e pili ana i raved Europa, a me'ē aʻe, i ka Luna Nui o ka Papa o Malta inoa, a, aole ia i hoopii e noho i loko o ka hale a me ka hale aliʻi.

Wili lauoho Kaliningrad māhele 'āina

I Kekahi Mau hua'ōlelo pono wili Rusia, Aia ma luna o ka mokuna o ka Kaliningrad māhele. He nui o ia mea i loko oʻilihune kulana. Ma waho o ka luna i hoike ia Insterburg,ʻaneʻi ma laila ua wale malamaia hale kiai Teutonic laka, i pili i ka hana XIII kenekulia (Holiday kauhale). Castle Wald (Lower Village), ua hoʻokumu i ka 1264, o kekahi o ka ekolu la i ka malamaia mau halelewa, o ka Kaliningrad māhele.

O kekahi mau - Georgenburg kahi kokoke i Chernyakhovsk a me Tapiau hale kākela i loko o ke kiai. A pau o ia i hookumuiaʻi e ka Naita o ka Teutonic Papa. Tapiau ma hope o ka Apana World War, ua huli i loko o ka hale paʻahao, a me wale i ka 2013, ua hoolilo mai pio, a me ka hale kākela hoololiia a hiki i ke kulanakauhale Aupuni, e hoʻihoʻi aku. Aia nō i loko o ka'āina a me ka hapa 'ia i luku ai i ka (mua olua nā lā hoʻi i ka 1257) kahiko o ka hale käkela Shaak.

Olelo ana mai o ka Kaliningrad aina, ua hiki ole kāpae'ōlelo i ka 4-hoku hale kākela hokele Nesselbeck, stylized kahiko. He kēia kanaka maikai i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Orlovka. Recreated e like me ke kahiko nō, ka mea, ua lako pono me na mea a pau e pono ai ka loa naʻauao kaʻahele.

Moscow wili

Rusia nani i nā pā kaua ma laila a aku i ka hikina o ka palena komohana. O ka holo ana, hoalaala ia ka hapanui i loko o ka XIX kenekulia, ka mea, i ua hana ma lalo o ka aoao o Europa hale, i ka mahalo o ka Lūkini moneybags, ka poe i makemake e i ma ka hale i kekahi'āpana o medieval Eulopa. Ua ua i loko o nā wahi e pili ana, loaʻa nō kekahi mau aina i loko o ke kaila o Kokika nā pā kaua, a me ka hale aliʻi. Akā, ua pono e hoailona oukou i Lūkini iauaeoia i loko o ka hapanui i ka emi.

poina hoi iaʻu ka nani

Haalele Lūkini wili lauoho, ka malama ana i na ko läkou 'o kona mau kahiko nani a me ka lehulehu, no ke aha la e ole hoʻihoʻi. A pehea ka pono ka mea makemake e hoihoi hou ia, hiki ke 'ike mai i ka waiwai Podushkino. Baroness Castle Mayendorf, stylized medieval naita hale ua malu waiwai, a me wale i ka ekalesia o hamama no ka kipa. Ke kākela Ua loa maikai, aka, ia mea he koe. He ua laki, no ka mea, i loko o ka mokuna o Barvikha a kūloko poʻe e noho ana,ʻaʻole e hoohihia mai kou maka wahi e pili ana. Haalele Lūkini wili (Hawaii photo aaieieno?), E like me Muromtsevo hale, Aia ma waena o Vladimir a me Moore, mea mahuʻi a me Vasilyevskaya Manor, koke ka loa nani hale, i ole ala e emi iki mahope o ke Western palu ai nā'īlio prototypes i ke kaumaha. A mau-moʻolelo ekalesia, ke aupuni 'ole mamao mai ka Bykovo Airport - mea ole Princess Castle? No ke kilo ua wahi i ka Bazhenov nui.

Hopefully, kēia kū hoʻokahi mea mai i nalo, mai ke alo aku o ka honua.