Manganese (Nine Inch hehee ai): ka waiwai a me ka palapala noi, i ka inoa o ke degere o ka'okesaside, hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo

Kekahi o ka mea nui wale kila metala mea manganese. Eia hou kekahi, ia mea nui loa ai hana hehee ai, a ua pili i nā hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo. Nui no ka noho ana meaola, ia mea e pono ai i loko o ka makaukau ana o na mea he nui oka a, Nine Inch. Manganese - he Nine Inch hehee ai, he Hawaii photo no i hiki ke ike ma lalo nei. Ua ua i kona mau waiwai a me nā 'ano kūkākūkā i loko o kēia' atikala.

Ano Nine Inch hehee ai

Inā mākou e kamailio e pili ana i manganese like ka hehee ai o ka papa'āweʻaweʻa kemika'ōnaehana, ka mea mua loa e lilo i emi iho kona wahi i loko o laila.

1. Ua Ua Aia i loko o ka ha o ka wā nui, i ka hiku o ka pae, ka iiaciiie-pūʻulu.
2. Serial helu - 25. Manganese - he hehee ai, i ka malama o Kora naʻEsau i mea like me 25 nā'ātoma. I ka helu ana o electrons o ka ia neutron - 30.
3. Ke kumukuai o ka'ātoma nuipa - 54,938.
4. Inoa Nine Inch manganese hehee ai - HI.
5. Lakina inoa - manganese.

Aia ma waena o ka chromium a me ka hao, a wehewehe kona similarity me ia i loko o ke kino ai 'a me ka Nine Inch ano.

Manganese - he Nine Inch hehee ai: hoʻololi mea hiki ke hooheheeia

Inā i hāʻawiʻia mai'Ātoma huina'ine hoʻonohonohoʻia mākou noonoo, kona haʻilula e i ka palapala. 1s 2s ^{2 2 2} 2p ⁶ 3s 3p ⁶ 4s ² 3d ^5. Ua i maopopo i ka hōʻike 'ana no papa hehee ai - mea he hoʻololi metala o ka n-ohana. Five electrons ma ka 3d-sublevel kamailio e pili ana i ke kumupaʻa o ka'Ātoma, a ua hoikeia mai i loko o kona Nine Inch waiwai.

E like me ka hoemi metala mea manganese, akā, ka hapanui o kona hui hiki i ka hoike a me ko lakou ikaika, oxidizing hiki. Kēia mea ma muli o keʻano o ka degere'okesaside a me valences, a i kaʻeleu hehee ai. 'O kēia ka hiʻona o keia ohana o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia.

Penei, manganese - Nine Inch hehee ai, aia i waena o ka mea'ē aʻe nā'ātoma, a me ka kona mau kūikawā ano. mea kēia mau waiwai i loko o hou au mamuli noonoo.

Manganese - he Nine Inch hehee ai. 'okesaside degere

Mākou i kākau i nā mua i ka lolouila haʻilula o ka'Ātoma. E like me ia, ua hehee ai mea hiki ia e oi maikaʻi'okesaside Hawaii. Ka mea, e:

• 0;
• +2;
• 3;
• 4;
• 6;
• 7.

Ke valence o ka'Ātoma mea IV. I ka loa i ka pilina paʻa nō ka poʻe i huiʻia ma i na loina ana i loko o manganese +2, +4, +6. I ka lani kiekie loa degere o ka'okesaside e leie aku i huiʻia, e hana e like me ka ikaika oxidants. No kekahi laʻana: KMnO _4, HI ₂ O _7.

I huiʻia me ka mau hoemi konohiki i hydroxide, manganese (II) he amphoteric waiwai, me ka predominance o ka walaʻauʻana. Waena degere o ka'okesaside nā hoailona kuahene amphoteric hui.

Mōʻaukala o ka Kaka

Manganese - he Nine Inch hehee ai ia i ua wehe koke, akā, i nā a ma kekahi mau kānakaʻepekema. Eia naʻe, i kona wahi i pili, hoʻohana kanaka, mai ka manawa kahiko o ka'āina. Manganese'okesaside (IV) Ua hoʻohana no ka hauneneʻe aniani. One Italia olelo ana i ka hou ana o keia hui pena lākou ke kala poni i loko o ka Nine Inch? Iecaianoaaiiie o ke aniani. A me keia, o ka mea waiwai kōkua e hoʻopau turbidity i loko o nā pōpō makaaniani.

Hope ma Austria nä känaka 'epekema Qaim hooponopono iho i loaa'āpana o ka mea hao manganese, e hana ma luna kiʻekiʻe wela pyurolizit (manganese'okesaside (IV)), potash a me ka lanahu. Naʻe, i kēia hāpana i ka hailona o impurities, e hoʻopau i ka mea i hiki ole, no laila, i ka puka i ole lawe wahi.

Hope nō kekahi nä känaka 'epekema synthesized like me ka läÿau, i loko o a he nui ke ano hoike no ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia maemae. Ua ua Bergman, mamua loaa ka hehee ai nikala. Naʻe, ka mea e lawe mai i ka mea mua o ka hopena ia i ole ia e.

Manganese - he Nine Inch hehee ai, a ua makaukau, a kaʻawale ma ke ano o ka poe noonoo ole waiwai no ka manawa mua pomaikai ae la lakou Karlu Sheele i ka 1774. Eia naʻe, ia i hana ia me I. Hahn, ka mea i pau i ke kaʻina hana o ka heheʻe metala paukū e pili pū. Akā,ʻo ka mea a pau i hiki ke loa hoopakele ia ia mai o impurities, a kiʻi i ka 100% hua.

Aka hoi, ka mea, o keia manawa ua i ka loaʻa o ke'Ātoma. Ua ho'āʻo mau iaʻepekema, e haawi aku i ka inoa like paionia '. Ua koho lakou manawa manganezium. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ka loaʻa o ka makanekiuma hoomaka ae la ka haunaele, a i hoʻololi ai i ka he (H. Davida, 1908) manganese inoa.

No ka mea, manganese - he Nine Inch hehee ai kona mau waiwai, ua nui loa waiwai no na mea he nui metallurgical keʻano o ka hanaʻana, ma manawa ua lilo i mea e pono ai ia nō loaʻa i ke ala e paka ia i loko o ka palapala loa maemae. Kēia pilikia i Wehewehe i nā hāʻina e kānakaʻepekema a pau ma luna o ke ao nei, akā, ua hiki ia e hoʻonā 'ia wale nō i loko o 1919 ma ka hana o R. Agladze - Soviet nä känaka' epekema a me ka chemist. Oia hoi, ka mea i loaʻa i ka papa hana e hiki e ana o sulphates a me chlorides o manganese ma electrolysis e loaa maemae metala waiwai maʻiʻo 99,98%. Ano, ua hoʻohana 'ia kēia hana a pau ma luna o ka honua.

I ma ke ano maoli

Manganese - he Nine Inch hehee ai, he Hawaii photo o ka poe noonoo ole waiwai i hiki ke ike ma lalo nei. Ma ke ano maoli, aia nō he wahi lihi iki o ka isotopes o ka'Ātoma, loli aʻe nui o ka helu ana o neutrons ma i. Ke'ī mai, me ka nuipa a helu lauwili ma ka laulā mai ka 44 a hiki i 69. naʻe, ka mea wale nō i ka pilina paʻa nā kālaiōewe o ka hehee ai me ka waiwai o ka ⁵⁵ HI, 'ē aʻe i ka negligibly pōkole hapa-ola, a he mea nui uuku mea.

Mai manganese - Nine Inch hehee ai i loko i ka degere o ka'okesaside loli aʻe nunui, a me nā hui ma ke ano e like me ka mea 'ano apau loa nui. Ma maemae palapala, o ka hehee ai uaʻaʻole i loaʻa i nā mea a pau. ʻO nā minelala hao a me na mea e hooheheeia ka mau i kona hoalauna - hao. Total hiki i ka hoʻokohu 'ia kekahi o ka mea nui pōhaku, i nā manganese.

1. Pyrolusite. A hui o ka haʻilula: MnO ₂ * NH ₂ O.
2. Psilomelane lātoma MnO2 * mMnO * nH2O.
3. Manganite haʻilula MnO * OH.
4. Braunite rarer ma mua o na mea e ae. I ka haʻilula o HI ₂ O _3.
5. Hausmannite haʻilula HI * HI ₂ O _4.
6. Rodonite HI ₂ (SiO _{3) 2.}
7. Manganese kalepona mea e hoohehee ai.
8. Raspberry hookoe mai i kekahi rhodochrosite paha - MnCO _3.
9. Lila - HI ₃ PO _4.

Eia hou kekahi, he mea hiki, e hoʻokohu 'ia kekahi mau nā minelala hao, a i ka loaʻa o ka hehee ai ma lalo o noonoo. Ka mea, e:

• calcite;
• siderite;
• pālolo nā minelala hao;
• kalekedona;
• Opal;
• ke one a me ka silt hui.

Ma waho aʻeo e hoʻouku a me sedimentary pōhaku, nā minelala hao, manganese - Nine Inch hehee ai i ua hui pū i loko o ka haku mele 'ana nā:

1. Plant meaola. Ka nui loa kipaku aku ai i kēia hehee ai i: wai chestnut, duckweed, diatoms.
2. Lepo fungi.
3. Kekahi mau 'ano o ka koʻohune.
4. ʻO kēia mau holoholona:ʻulaʻula ka holo akula, crustaceans, mollusks.
5. People - ka mea i kela la e pono ai e pili ana 3-5 mg.
6. Moana komo 0,3% wai o keia hehee ai.
7. Ka huina o ka maʻiʻo ma ke pńpa o 0,1% ma ke kaupaonaʻana.

Ma mau, ia mea 14 loa e like me ka hehee ai o ko nā mea a pau o ko mākou Honua. Mawaena o ke kaumaha metala hao ma hope o kona lua.

physical waiwai

Mai ka oiai ua o ka waiwai o manganese like me ka mea waiwai, ma laila nō kekahi mau kumu o physical ano no ka mea.

1. I ka mea waiwai ia mea he pono paakiki metala (Mohs 'me ka unahiʻole inideka mea 4). Kala like 'ole - silvery keʻokeʻo, ea uhiia me ka aiiay'okesaside ho film ma ka lā'ī pauku.
2. Ka mahele heheʻe i ka wahi o ka 1246 ⁰ C.
3. Paila - 2061 ⁰ C.
4. Lawelawe waiwai o ka pono, ka paramagnetic.
5. Metal nuʻa mea 7,44 g. / Knm ^3.
6. Aia i loko o ka palapala o ka eha polymorphs (α, β, γ, σ), like pu ole, me ka 'ole a me ka puka olu oia i shape a me ka hāʻawe nuʻa o na nā'ātoma. No hoi okoa lākou mahele heheʻe i ka mahana.

I metallurgy hoʻohana ekolu walaʻauʻana ano o ka manganese: β, γ, σ. Alpha kākaʻikahi, no ka mea, he mea fragile i loko o kona waiwai.

Nine Inch mall

Mai ka oiai ua o kemika, manganese - Nine Inch hehee ai kona ion kauoha loli aʻe nui mai +2 i +7. Ua haʻalele kona hoailona ma kona hope. Ke noa ano o manganese i loko o ka lewa loa iki reacts me ka wai, wailana ma dilute nāʻakika. Eia naʻe, 'oe e wale hoʻonui i ka wela o ka metala like me ka ha awina maoli he dramatically.

Penei, ia mea hiki ke reacting me:

• naikokene;
• kalapona;
• halogens;
• silikone;
• phosphorus;
• luaipele a me nā 'ole-ke hooheheeia.

I ka enaena metala ole lewa hoopuni ae i loko o ka mahu moku'āina. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka degere o ka'okesaside, i hōʻike manganese a me kona hui hiki e nā hoemi konohiki a me oxidizing konohiki. Kekahi ho'āʻo amphoteric waiwai. No laila, i ke kumu o ano o ka hui, a ia +2. Amphoteric - 4, a me ka ikaika oxidizingʻakika i loko o ka lani kiekie loa waiwai o +7.

I loko nō o ka mea i manganese - mea he hoʻololi metala luna 'hui, ua mau no ia. O ke kumu ho i ka pilina paʻa huina'ine hoʻonohonohoʻia o ka'Ātoma, no ka 3d-sublayer ka mea, be 5 electrons.

Nā Papahana no ka hoomakaukau

Aia i ekolu papa kuhikuhiEʻaoʻao ma i manganese ua hoomakaukauia ka hana (Nine Inch hehee ai). Pehea e heluhelu i ka Roma inoa, mākou i mua i koho - manganum. Inā mākou e unuhi i ka mea i loko o Russian, ka mea e e "Ae,ʻiʻo clarifies discolors". No laila kona inoa manganese ua koi 'ia e ho'āʻo i ka waiwai ua ikeia mai ka manawa loa kahiko.

Naʻe, hoʻowahāwahā i ka hiʻona, e kiʻi ia i loko o ka palapala hala ole no ka hana e hoʻokele wale i ka 1919. Keia ua hanaʻia e ka mea kēia mau kiʻina hana.

1. Electrolysis, huahana hua o 99,98%. Ma keia ala, manganese i loko o ka Nine Inch oihana puolo.
2. Silicothermic ole ke ola me ka hoʻohana 'silikone. Me keia hana he mea i ke kuʻi nukeliu o ka silikone a me ka manganese'okesaside (IV), kūpono i ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia maemae. I ka hua mea ma kahi o 68%, no ka mea, manganese hui ka ma-hua mai la ia me ka silikone ma silicide. Kēia papa hana ua hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ka metallurgical hana.
3. Aluminothermic iaoia - i ka loaa ana me ka hoʻohana 'Aluminum. No hoi e haawi i lanakila maluna o hua, manganese ua hoʻohaumiaʻia ma impurities.

Hana o ka metala mea nui no na mea he nui keʻano o ka hanaʻana i loko o hana metallurgy. ʻO ka uuku hou o ka manganese mea hiki ke ikaika ho ololi i ka waiwai o na oka a pau. Ua Ua hoao ia mea, hoike mai i na mea he nui i eliiaʻi, e hoopiha mai ana kona aniani puka olu oia.

ʻimi loa i ka lewa a me ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o keia hehee ai na lalani mua Rusia i loko o ke ao nei. Nō hoʻi, i kēia kaʻina ua lawe mai i ka'āina e like me:

• China.
• South Africa.
• Aneea oneiaey.
• Georgia.
• Ukraine.

E hoʻohana i ka hana

Manganese - he Nine Inch hehee ai, i ka hana o ka i mea nui,ʻaʻole wale nō i loko o metallurgy. akā, i loko o nā wahi. Ma waho aʻeo i ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia ma ka maemae palapala, i ka nui a me ka likeʻole i huiʻia o kēia'Ātoma. Kû ke i ka papa kuhikuhiE poʻe.

1. He nui na ano o ka oka a pau, a, ma muli o ka manganese i kū hoʻokahi waiwai. No ka laʻana, ka mea Hadfield kila mea, no ka ikaika a me ka mau nō i ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia no ka smelting wahi excavator, pōhaku aaioee machines, wili, poepoe o nā mea wili, kapa kila hehee wale.
2. Manganese'okikene lua - oxidative electroplating ka paa hehee ai, ka mea, ua hoʻohana 'ia ka wā e pili ana i ka depolarizer.
3. He nui i huiʻia o ka manganese e pono no kela syntheses o ke aloha 'ona.
4. Potasiuma permanganate (potasiuma permanganate ole) ua hoʻohana 'ia ma ka lapaau me ka potent antiseptic Agena.
5. Kēia hehee ai ua komo i loko o ka haku mele 'ana o ke keleawe, keleawe,' ano apau loa kona iho oka a me ka keleawe, a lawelawe 'ana i ka hana mokulele turbines, kōmi' ana, a me na wahi e ae.

Ka liluwelo kūlana

Na kela la i keia koi no kanaka manganese mea 3-5 mg. Deficiency o keia hehee ai hiki aku ai i ka luhi o ka ua'emi'ōnaehana, hiamoe ka haunaele a me ka uunu nui, pōniuniu. uaʻaʻole maopopo maopopo kona kūlana, akā, ka mea, ua ike ia, mua o nā mea a pau, ka mea, i ka hopena ma luna o:

• ulu ana;
• ha awina o ka moe glands;
• hana o hormones;
• i ke kahua o ke koko.

Kēia hehee ai ka makana i loko o nā mea kanu, na holoholona, ke kanaka, kona nui liluwelo kūlana i proves.

Mea 'ike e pili ana i ka'ikamu

Manganese - he Nine Inch hehee ai, i ka hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo i hiki holoʻokoʻa i hele mai ke kanaka, a e ia hoike ana nui ia mea. Eia nō i ka walaʻauʻana poe, i loaʻa kona hoailona ma ka mōʻaukala o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia.

1. I ka wa o ke Kanawai Kaua i loko o ka USSR, kekahi o ka mua mea hoʻolilo huahana ka mea, ua hao i loaʻa he nui nui o ka manganese.
2. Inā ka manganese'okikene lua e kaula hō'ā me ka potasiuma hydroxide a me ka nitrate, a laila, i mea hoʻoheheʻe i ka huina hoonui i loko o ka wai, i ka huli ana hoʻomaka kahaha ko oukou naau. Mua, e huli omaomao, a laila, i ka uliuli coloration ka pāʻoihana e hoʻololi ma hope o - Lila. Eia hoi, raspberry a e hāʻule i nā mea eleele precipitate. Inā i ka läÿau, e hoohaalulu ai, a laila, hou hoihoi hou omaomao a me ka hana a pau hou. Ia mea no ka keia potasiuma permanganate a me kona inoa, a translates like "mea pōhaku chameleon".
3. Inā ma ka honua, e hana i mea hoʻomomona i loaʻa ka manganese, laila, e hoomahuahua i ka laau productivity a me ka hoomahuahua i ka uku o ke kāʻamaʻai. Winter palaoa ka palaoa, e hana maikaʻi.
4. Ka nui chunk o ka mea pōhaku manganese rhodonite kaupaona 47 tons, a ua loaʻa i loko o ka Urals.
5. Aia He He ternary oka a kapa manganin. Ua Ua haku o ka oihana mua e like me ke keleawe, a me ka manganese nikala. He wahi kū hoʻokahi i loko o ia mea, i he nui uila ia'ku, a 'aʻole e hilinaʻi ma ka wela akā mea ma lalo o ka aoao o ka puʻe.

O ka holo ana, keia mea,ʻaʻole a pau malaila mea, e olelo no i kēia mea hiki ke hooheheeia. Manganese - he Nine Inch hehee ai, i ka hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo i nā loa like. No ina ua kamailio e pili ana i ka waiwai i ia kūkākūkā hou likeʻole oka a pau.