Mea kūʻiʻo hoihoi mai i ke ola o Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo. Life a me ka Hana Hou o Lva Tolstogo

I ka inoa o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, mea aʻo, helu Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo uaʻikeʻia ai i kēlā kanaka kēia kanaka Lūkini. Ma na hana i kona wa e ola ana 78 o ke akamai i paʻiʻia, kekahi 96 i ua malamaia ma ka palapala. Ma ka hapa mua o ka XX kenekulia hiki i ka piha hana, helu 90 puke, a me nā 'Aʻohe wai iaʻu, mai novels, pōkole nā moʻolelo, (essay), a no laila, ma luna o. N. nā palapala lehulehu, a me diaries o ke kanaka nui, o ka weliweli tālena a me kekahi kino ano. Ma kēia 'atikala, e mākou keia iloko o ka loa hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo mai ke ola Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo.

Kuai i kekahi hale ma Yasnaya Polyana

Ka mea opiopio helu i ikeia, a aloha nā polokalamu kanaka, Eia naʻe,ʻaʻole loa ana, e pāʻani pepa. Ua ai ¶ ia, i haawiia mai i ka hale ma Yasnaya Polyana, kahi o ka mea kākau moʻolelo i kona wā kamaliʻi no ka aie. A laila, mai kūikawā Tolstoy kanu laau. Ilya Lvovich, kana keiki hoʻomanaʻo aʻela pehea koke noi i kona makua kāne, e hōʻike i ka lumi i loko o ka hale, kahi āna i hānauʻia ai. A me Leo kuhikuhi i ka luna o kekahi o nā lāʻau larch, ohui: ". Aia ka" Aʻili puneʻe ma luna i ka mea kolohe ',ʻo ia i ho'ākāka' ia i loko o kona puke "Kaua a me ka maluhia". Eia kekahi mau hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo mai ke ola o Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo pili me ka kupuna waiwai.

Like no ka hale, a laila, i kona-yoa? Iiai mau eheu i ua hookoeia mai, a nunui me ka manawa. Ma hope o ka mareʻana, a me na keiki a pau i ka Tolstoyʻohana māhuahua, a me ka mea hui i hou akea maikai.

Family ka hoʻonaʻauao a me na keiki Tolstoy

Tolstoy ka manawa kūlana IeIIeYOA i ka ohana. Ka mea kākau moʻolelo i manaoio ia ia hookani i ke kūlana kumu nui i loko o ke ola o kekahi kanaka. Me kana wahine, Sofey Andreevnoy, ka mea noho ma ke aloha a me ka lokahi no ka umikumamalima makahiki. Alaila, hoomaka iho la e ala mai kekahi manaʻo hoʻopiʻi ma ke kumu o ka io e pili ana i ke Kauna waiwai, a hooponopono hou i ko lakou ola loina.

Ma Tolstoy ohana aʻu i hānau heʻumikumamākolu nā keiki, elima o ka mea i make i loko oʻuʻuku mai. Earl, aole minamina i ko lakou manawa, a ma mua o ka ulia 80s aloha e hoʻoponopono ai i ka hewa. No ka laʻana, ina ma ka ahaaina awakea, i mālama ai pudding, i ka makua kāne i kekahi 'ia ka mea, haha maikai glue poho. Children koke lawe mai i ka pepa lumi lumi, a hoomaka ae la i ke kaʻina o kaʻike hoʻokumu.

Kekahi kumu. Kekahi kanaka i loko o ka ohana i lilo ia kaumaha paha e hea. Ka ike ana i kēia, anapu koke hoʻonohonoho i ke Kauna ka "Numidian lio." He Lele i, hookiekie mai la i kona lima, a eʻohi a puni me ka papaʻaina, a me na keiki lele lokahi mai ma hope ona.

Tolstogo Lva Nikolaevicha i mau makamake nui he aloha o ka moʻokalaleo. He mau ua hana hoʻokipa ma kona hale i ke ahiahi heluhelu. Once au lalau aku la ia i ka puke ma ka Jules Verne me nā kiʻi. Alaila, hoomaka iho la ia e kahaki ii ia ia iho. Oiai ka artist o ka mea,ʻaʻole i loa maikai, i kaʻohana uaʻoliʻoli me ka mea ana i ike ai.

Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei mākou keiki, a Humorous poem Tolstoy Lev Nikolayevich. He heluhelu ia ma luna o ka hewa Kelemānia a me ka wahi mea: e hoʻokiʻekiʻe hoʻi i ka naʻau i loko o ka hale. Ma ke ala, mau ike i loaʻa i kekahi mau poetic hana i loko o ka makakū'āina hoʻoili o ka mea kākau moʻolelo. No ka laʻana, ka mea "naaupo", "Volga-meʻe." Holo nōhie, ka mea i palapala no na keiki, a komo aku la i ke kaulana "ABC".

Manao o ka he pepehi anaʻia iā iho

ua lilo Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo hana i ka mea kākau alanui e noiʻi i kanaka huapalapala i loko o kā lākou ulu. ʻike manaʻo i loko o ke kiʻi ua pinepine koi mai i ka mea kākau o ka nui noʻonoʻo stress. No laila, oiai e hana ana ma "Annoy Kareninoy" me ka mea kākau moʻolelo kokoke hanaia pilikia. He ia i loko o ia i kekahi wahinekanemake ilihune, pilikia ma ka manao, makau iho la ia e 'oe i ka hopena o kona mau meʻe Levin, a moe he pepehi anaʻia iā iho. Hope i "Confession" Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy kaulana i kēia manaʻo ua ai insistent ana aku nei i hala mai o ke keʻena, kahi iʻaʻahuʻia i ka mehameha loa, kaula uliuli, a haawi mai la i ioioie? Ana me ka pu.

Ke poho, ma ka ekalesia

Kawaihae Tolstoy Lev Nikolayevich pono ka noiʻi 'ana a iloko ona i kakauia i ka hailona o ka moʻolelo e pili ana pehea la oia i excommunicated ia mai o ka ekalesia. Ia manawa, no ka mea kākau moʻolelo ua mau noʻonoʻo iho i kekahi kanaka haipule, a hoʻolohe i nā mea a pau kia, a hele kela ekalesia hana no kekahi mau makahiki me ka 77th makahiki. Eia naʻe, ma hope o ke kipa i ka Optina i loko o ka 81 la makahiki i pau hoʻololi. Tolstoy hele ma laila me kona lackey a me ka schoolteacher. Ka mea, ua, like i manaoia, a me ka knapsack, ma kamaa. Once hope ma ka hoailona, ka mea, loaa i ka weliweli lepo a me ka ikaika ana.

Hele malihini i noho ai ma luna o ka hoʻomaopopo like 'aelike, a huhu i ka waiter mau kapa i ka haku ia me kana kumu. He huli i kekahi o nā mōneka, a'ī maila i ke kanaka kahiko - e Aloha Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy. mea kākau o ka hana i maopopoʻia, aʻo ia i koke Neʻe i ka nohoʻana ma hotele lumi. Ma hope o kona hoi mai Optina Kaunaʻia maila kona mau'ōhumu mai me ia servility, a mai ia manawa hoʻololi lākou e pili ana i ka ekalesia Kuikahi a me kona? Aaiuo. Mai o nā mea a pau i ka mea i loko o kekahi o nā kūlana hana i ka mea ma luna o ka cutlet awakea.

Ma ke ala, ma na makahiki hope o kona ola ana ka mea kākau moʻolelo lilo i Kanaka MeaʻAi Kanu, loa haawi i ai nana. Akā, i ka mea ia manawa i kēlā lā, eʻai hua i loko o kekahi 'ano apau loa.

manuale hana

I ke kakahiaka nui '80s - hōʻikeʻia e ke Kawaihae Tolstogo Lva Nikolaevicha - mea kākau ua lilo i hele mai ai i ka hopena i ka palaualelo ke ola a me ka hana maʻamau mai i pena hoʻi i ke kanaka. He Ua lōʻihi, waiho wale aku i ka ninau o ka mea e hana: kuai i ko lākou mau'āina, a haʻalele i kāna mea i aloha ai ka wahine, a unseasoned i ka hana ana o na keiki me ka mea? A i 'ole rewrite ka holoʻokoʻa pōmaikaʻi ma Sofyu Andreevnu? Hope Tolstoy mahele a pau ma waena o ka 'ohana. Ma keia pilikia manawa no ia ia - kaʻohana hoʻoneʻe i Moscow i - Leo aloha, e hele i ka Hills manu liilii, kahi āna i kōkua mai i nā kauwa kua lāʻau. A laila, ua aʻo shoemaking, a hiki i nā kāmaʻa 'ia a me ke kauwela kamaa o canvas a me kaʻili, ma ke kau wela i hele ai. A me kela makahiki e kōkua kua'āina mauʻohana i loko i ka mea, aole kekahi e palau, lulu a me ka ohi ai hua liilii. Ole a pau e manao ana ia he ola o Leo Tolstoy. Tolstoy i maopopo ole, a hiki i kona ohana iho. Akā,ʻo ia hoʻopaʻakikīʻia ka naʻau. A i loko o ke kauwela i ka pau Yasnaya Polyana wawahi ae la i ka aina, a hele aku la i ka mowing. I waena o ka hana ua i ke Countess, rake mauu.

wī ke ola

'Ana i kumumanaʻo o ka hana hoihoi kūʻiʻo e pili ana i ke ola Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo, i kekahi ke hoole i nā hanana o 1898. Mtsensk a blackening counties hookahi hou wi pepehi. Mea kākau, moʻa ma ke kahiko entourage a me Walker, me ka knapsack ma luna o kona kua a me kana keiki, e i aku ia ia, e kōkua, kino hele i na kauhale a pau, a loaʻa mai kahi o ka pilikia ua maoli poino. A hebedoma i kahua kaua, a hana e pili ana i umikumamalua diners i loko o kēlā me kēia kalana kahi hānai i loko o ka wahi mua, na keiki, na kūpuna, a me ka poe mai. Food lawe mai Yasnaya Polyana, i hoomakaukauia no ka mau welaʻai i ka lā. Tolstoy ka Initiative, kena ae la i ka io ma ka Aupuni, ka poe i nā hale paʻa i mana hoʻomalu ma luna o lākou, a me ka kūloko landowners. Ka hope manaʻo i ia mau hana pakuhi ke alakai i ka mea e koke lakou ia lakou iho, e loaʻa, e mahi i ka mahinaʻai, a me ka waiu o ka bipi.

Once i loko o kekahi o ka lumi keena ia i komo aku i ka Tripod, a hoʻomaka i ke kamailio me ke Kauna. He hoopiiia i eia nae o ka mea kākau moʻolelo ho'āpono mai, o ke kanawai, aka, o ke kanaka, hoʻoikaika ihola, no ka mea, aole oe i ike pehea e e - ka mea, ua i palapala no na hana o ke kiaaina. mea kākau o ka pane ua puni hoʻi: "Mai Mai e kahi mea, hoʻoikaika ihola e hana aku i ko lakou naau." A me ka ua i ka a pau ke ola o Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo.

mea maʻi

I ka 1901, ka mea kākau moʻolelo hina maʻi me ka loa kuni, a ma luna o ka'ōlelo aʻo o nā kauka, hele i ka Crimea. Aia kahi hapai i ka hoola ana i li nui, a hiki typhoid. Ke lana nei koʻu ia ia e ola mahope aku oʻaneʻane ole i waeia. Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy, nona hana a he nui na hana hōʻike no ka make ana o kona mentally makaukau. He ua mai makau, e haʻalele i ke ola. Ke kākau moʻolelo a hiki aku la a hui hou i ka wae. A oiai i ka i ana ia hiki wale hńwanawana, kela mea keia mea o ko lākou mau keiki i haawi mai ai waiwai'ōlelo aʻo no ka wā e hiki mai, e like me ka mea huli mai, a hiki no makahiki eiwa ma mua o kona make ana. Ka mea, ua nui loa pono keia mau mea, mai eiwa makahiki ma hope kekahi o ka 'ohana - a ua kokoke pau hōʻuluʻuluʻia lākou ma ke koa Astapovo - ole ae e ike i ka hoʻomanawanui.

ka mea kākau moʻolelo o ka hoʻolewa

Back ma na 90s, Tolstoy ma kona diary i hoike i ka mea aʻu i makemake makemake e ike i kona iho hoʻolewa. He umi makahiki ma hope, ma ka "Memoirs" ke hai i ka moʻolelo o ke kaulana "uliuli koʻokoʻo", kanuʻia ihola ia i loko o ke kahawai a kokoke i ka laau oka o ka. A ua i loko o ka makahiki 1908, dictates takers makemake: e e kanuʻia i loko o ka lāʻau pahu i ka wahi, kahi au i huli ai i loko o ke kumu o ka mau loa wā kamaliʻi o ka maikai hoahanau.

Tolstoy Leo Nikolayevich, e like me kona makemake, ua kanuʻia i loko o ka pāka o Yasnaya Polyana. Ma ka hoʻolewa i heleʻia e kekahi mau tausani kanaka, iwaena o ka poe i ole wale hoa, admirers, a me nā kākau moʻolelo, akā, i kūloko mahiʻai, i ka poe ana i mau ia me ka malama a me ka naauao.

I ka moʻolelo o ka berita

Mea kūʻiʻo hoihoi mai i ke ola Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo, a me kona mea e hopohopo nei me ka pili ana i ka makemake o ka makakū hooilina. Mea kākau moʻolelo i kākauʻia eono makemake: i ka 1895 (diary), 1904 (palapala i Chertkov), 1908 (dictated Gusev), palua i ka 1909 a me ka 1010-m. E like me kekahi o ia mau mea, a pau kona mau mooolelo, a me ka hana i loaa mai no ka ho'ānoʻole. Ma ka mea'ē aʻe i ka pono, e ua hala Chertkov. Ultimately, Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoyʻike hoʻokumu a me ka pau o kona mooolelo hoʻoili no kāna kaikamahine Alexandra, me ka umikumamaono makahiki i lilo i kumu kōkua i kona makua kāne.

helu 28

E like me ka hoahanau, o ka mea kākau moʻolelo manawa ironic e pili ana i hoʻokaeʻili. Akā, na oeeo? He iwakalua-iwakāluakumamāwalu noʻonoʻo ia i ka hana a me ka mea i aloha ai. He aha ua ia - na mea coincidence paha hoʻopaʻiʻia? Ua uaʻAʻole iʻikeʻia, akā, he nui no nā hananaʻano nui o ke ola, a me ka mea mua hana e pili ana me ia Lva Nikolaevicha Tolstogo. Eia mea he papa inoa o ia:

• August 28, 1828 - ka lā o ka hanau ana o ka mea kākau moʻolelo.
• May 28, 1856 ka mua censorship i 'ae' ia no ka puke o ka puke mua a me ka moʻolelo "wā kamaliʻi a me ka adolescence".
• June 28 Ua hanau ka hiapo, Sergei.
• February 28 ua hana hoʻokipa ke mare keiki Ilya.
• October 28 kākau moʻolelo no ka wa pau i hele mai Yasnaya Polyana.