Nā kaʻa kauō Rusia: Ke Ana Hoʻohālike, oaoieei-ano. Russian-i nā kaʻa kauō

I ka manawa o Soviet nā kaʻa kauō i ma kona hamama hakahaka (a kaʻana like 'ana i ka liona ka o ka hana aia ma luna o ka mokuna o Rusia), mea paha ka mea maikaʻi i loko o ke ao nei. Ma na 90s, i ka wa a ka Lūkini kuai o ka mahiʻai? Ieaoa ua malie, ka mea, ua piha koke ma 'Amelika, a me Europa Pake hi. I kēia lā Russian-i nā kaʻa kauō i nā • loaʻa hou kona mua kūlana kiʻekiʻe. Ke kumu Ua puni hoʻi: ka mea, i hakuloli iʻaneʻane kekahi climatic kūpono, aʻaʻole loa, ua koi ikaika ma luna o ka mea e like ai o ka wahie. I kēia mau lā mākou e nānā i ka loa hanohano kaʻa kauō nā hale hana ma Rusia, a me ko lakou luna Ke Ana Hoʻohālike.

Volgograd kanu

I ka olelo hooholo, e kūkulu i kēia mea kanu i i ka 1926. Ua lilo kekahi o ka mua hanalima hana, kūkuluʻia e like me na mea kuka o kokololio industrialization o ka Soviet Union. A hiki i 1961, i kapaʻia ka mea kanu Stalingrad TK ia. F. E. Dzerzhinskogo. Ke kukulu ana o kona iauaeoia i hele ma ka Western poe akamai. Mea o ka mea i i kūkuluʻia ai ka mea kanu i loko o ka US, laila dismantled a hoʻouna ma ka moku apana ma ka apana i ka USSR, ma kaʻaha kanaka i aku la ia ia 6 malama. Na mea kanu ua noʻonoʻo mai 1930. He koke hoʻolimalima i ke kūlana o kekahi o ka mea nui nā mea o ka enuhe nā kaʻa kauō i loko o Rusia.

Ka lehulehu specializes ma pūʻolo kaa. Ke kumu Ua puni hoʻi - like ka huila Ke Ana Hoʻohālike i hana ia 'aʻole e hanaʻino i ke ahu iho o ka momona lepo. Eia hou kekahi, pūʻolo kaa, i ke aloha i kona ākea alahao, ua he nui nona iho a me ka permeability. Naʻe, i ka mea kanu, aole ia e manao i ka hoomaha ma luna o mākou Pohon o ka pomaikai. Ka hooponopono ana kumumanao o ke kukuluia'na o ka pukana a me ka huila e pili ana wale nō. Ka loa Popular Lūkini pūʻolo kaʻa kauō Volgograd kanu - DT-75 a me Li-100. E mākou huli ia i loko o au mamuli.

DT-75

Kaʻa kauō DT-75 - enuhe, ka huina o na mahiʻai aina. I ka 2013, ma ka Volgograd kanu ia i ka 50th lā hoʻomanaʻo o ke kala o keia kükohu. Ke huahana o ka loa papakaukau crawler kaʻa kauō ? Iecaianoaaiiuo i loko o ka USSR. Ma ka hui malu pu ana o ka pono hana (hoʻokele waiwai, ke akahai, serviceability) a me ka haahaa kāki pa alima loaa he kaulana maikaʻi i loko o ka wahi lulu kuai.

Iloko o ke? Iecaianoaaiiie o ke kaʻa kauō DT-75 Hoomau pinepine modernized. A 2009, ka mea i hua mai, a kuai lilo aku oi ma mua o 2741 kope. I ka hopena o ke kauwela o 2009, kekahi kaʻa kauō restyling mai ai. ʻO ka moʻolelo kükohu i ka hou inoa - "AGROMASH 90TG" a hou lawelawe. Kaʻa kauō i hoʻolako pono me ka hou kaba, ea hewa, e like me environmentally launa Hawaii Pinilana Sisu. Ke ano hoʻololi mai i nā hana kuʻunaʻulaʻula i ka uliuli, a keʻokeʻo me kaʻalani makau kuhohonu ana. Ke Hookah ua e hele i ka hana i kumu hoʻohālike o ke-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, e like me ka mea i loa mahalo i waena o mahiʻai.

BT-100

I mea, keia kükohu mea i hōʻano hou kēia o ka mea mua kekahi. BT-100 kaʻa kauō mai i ka 4th papa traction, a ua lako pono me ka 130-horsepower engine D-422-24, i hoʻolako pono me ka mīkini peahi uila, ea heatsink a me ka AIR. Mai ka "nui kaikuaana" kükohu i nā hiʻona i ka moʻolelo oluolu kāpena, he houʻano o ka lewa separator, a he wahi hewa. Ka Hawaii, he nui loa aku kou mana a me ka hoʻokele waiwai, me ka lepo iapaau ana ua oi palua like hoʻomāhuahua ai me ka mana kanu DT-75. Ma keia hihia ka mea, he 20% oi uku ikaika loa ka makemake.

mau wale nō i ua ana noi no ka laiki i ua hana ma ke kumu o BT-100, beet, lalani ulu, e like me ka wā e hana ana ma kīhāpai a me nā pā waina. Ma ka ia kumu i loaʻa bulldozers a me nā kaʻa kauō no ka kukulu ana a me ka alanui hana. Ke kaumaha ma muli o ka engine kükohu mea i loaʻa i loko o nā wale nō: HT-100D (i ka engine D-442-24) a me BT-100N (SMD-20TA engine).

EYI e hōʻoiaʻiʻo palena iki mana poho ma kiʻekiʻe pono. Ma ka hoohalike hoʻohana puʻe wale akula kēlā lubrication'ōnaehana, he yawʻano papa hana pnevmoservirovaniem a me ka EYI me ka ikaika aku hei kona kapa. Aie i ka mea 'O ke kaulike Track-lele'ōnaehana e hōʻoiaʻiʻo malimali holo a me ka palena haʻahaʻa hopena ma luna o ka lepo.

Chelyabinsk kanu

E hoʻomau i ka nānā Rusia a me kaʻa kauō poe ka hana ia. Chelyabinsk kaʻa kauō kanu kekahi specializes i loko o ka? Iecaianoaaiiie o ka pūʻolo kaa. Ma ka 'auhau o ka hana i bulldozers, ka mea, ua hoʻolimalima i hiʻona ole wale i loko o Rusia, a me ka'āina o ka mea kahiko Soviet Union, akā, i loko oʻEulopa.

He ma ka Chelyabinsk kanu i bulldozer i ku i ka Guinness Book o Records like me ka nui mīkini ma ka Honua. Record Ua hoʻonohoʻia ma ka makahiki 1990, ua lilo i ke kükohu T-800. Ka loa pono-ikeia, a ike i ka lā o ka mea kanu i manaoia i nā kaʻa kauō bulldozers B-10M, B-12 a me B-13. About ia, a kamaʻilio pū ma luna o.

B-10M

Bulldozer kaʻa kauō ua ka hoʻouluʻana huahana type T-10 Chelyabinsk mea kanu. Ma ka mōʻaukala o ke kükohu, ua loaa 75 ka hoʻololi 'ana. Mua wale nō e mau ka moʻolelo a me ka modernized. I ka papa kuhikuhiE oaoieei-pāʻoihana e i ua hoʻokō:

1. Ka hoʻohana a lōʻihi-hahau nā paukūʻolokaʻa. Ua hoemiia ka puʻe o ka neaa'ōnaehana ma ka 40%, a māhuahua kona ola.
2. Point offset nā paukūʻolokaʻa ka piʻiʻana. Keia ana, e emi i ka ikaika o ka anal a me ka huhui ke eaʻe, e like me ka hoomahuahua i kona māmā holo a me ka pololei o ka neʻe.
3. Ke hōʻano hou i ke kūpono o ka engine pahu. Ua 'oi aku oluolu komo i ka engine ia no ka hoʻoponopono.
4. Ka hōʻano hou 'ia manao o ka hemispherical maka. Kēia ana i alakai ai i ka mahuahua ma ka mīkini productivity ma ka 20%.

Ke kükohu ua papahana e hana ma luna o ka honua a hiki i ke kolu o ka waeʻano me ka mua hemohemo, lepo waeʻano 4 me ka hemohemo, paʻahau lepo, a fractured pohaku. Bulldozer like pono Makuakane me ka hana o ka lewa ma kekahi mau ana wela a me ka humidity.

B-12

I ka manao o keia bulldozer noi pāʻoihana e i ua hoao ia ma ka mua kükohu, a me ka helu o ka hoʻonaʻauao kū hoʻokahi Aey? Acaeoey. Model i hoʻolako pono me ka kakolina diesel V-hoʻokino Hawaii YaMZ B4-234, a i ka turbocharged wahie lako hou. Power kanu 250 horsepower. Ke kaʻa kauō Ua lako pono me ka neaa ma paʻi EYI, i hoʻohuʻu 3 hoʻi a me ka mua, 'ano paha.

Track mahuahua i 2080 mm o, aʻo ka mea e hiki ai i ka hoʻouka kāmaʻa enuhe 560 a me 690 mm o. Ka lōʻihi o ke kākoʻo 'ilikai o 3182 mm o. Kōmike 'ano o ka mea ae, e lawe ia i ka 15th papa o ka traction.

B-13

E noonoo pono i ke kaʻa kauō Rusia, ua hiki aku mākou i ka loa holomua bulldozer ua hanaʻia e Chelyabinsk mea kanu. Nā kānakaʻenehana e hoʻomālama ole wale ma luna o ka oaoieei-aoao, akā, i ka manao o ke kükohu. Ua kō a pauʻikenaʻEulopa hae. Bulldozer i hoʻolako pono a me ka mea hope kaumaha lako a pan. Ua Ua lako pono me ka Hawaii YaMZ 236-B4, a i ka 'auhau o ka 230 horsepower. Ke kumu nui hiʻona o ka ho - i ka manawa kūpono o ka irreproachable hana i lōʻihi ka ino ana. Ka pa alima ua papahana e hana i loko o ke kūkulu, reclamation, hoʻouku, ka aila a me nā hana kahi hoʻohana kaumaha hana. Pinepine i ka hopuna'ōlelo "New kaʻa kauō Rusia" pili i kēia palapala.

Kirovsky kanu

'O kēia ka hope hola, a me ka mea a mākou e halawai, e noonoo pono i ke kumuhana "Lūkini-i nā kaʻa kauō." Ka lehulehu ua ke aupuni 'o St. Petersburg. Ua Ua hoʻokumu hoʻi i ka 1801. I kēia lā i ka mea kanu o ka nui loa agro-hanalima eiiieaena. A iaia, alaila ua ma ke alo o ka Soviet kaʻa kauō moʻo. I ka makahiki 1924, i kaʻaha kanaka laina hele "Fordson" nā kaʻa kauō, a pau i ka mea mua i loko o ka Soviet Union. 1962 ua manaoia e ia no ka poe kūikawā. Model "Kirovets-700" Ua hoʻokumu 'ia ma luna o July 13, a i ka hoʻomaka o ka moʻo i ka nui o ke kaumaha mahiʻai lako a pan. A me ka mea hope loa kēia no kēia palapala puke, ua halawai.

"Kirovets K 9000"

Ua ka manawa e kūkākūkā huila kaʻa kauō i loko o Rusia. "Kirovets K 9000" mea he kaumaha loa kaʻa kauō, a ua hua mai i ka elima wale nō a me ka pili ana i ka 9th drawbar waeʻano. Kēia moʻo o machines i hoʻolako pono me ka eha-huila a holo, a mai ka kiko'ī a maoli. No ka mea, o keia, hoʻowahāwahā i ka loa kilakila mawaho Ana, i keʻano hana ke kaena i ka flotation maikai a me ka maneuverability. Nā kaʻa kauō "Kirovets", hōʻike manaʻo o ka mea e hooiaio aku lākou maikaʻi ka hoʻohanaʻana a me ka mana quality, i hoʻolako pono me ka kakolina diesel powerplant o Mersedes-Benz. Pake mana e ĸokoĸa ana nä pane ma ka laulā o 354-516 horsepower. Ke kaʻa kauō hoʻohana i ka hydro-me mechanical EYI a me ka ikaika? Aiiia. Ke kāpena Ua wehewehe aku kiekie kiʻekiʻe o ka oluolu. Machines o kēia moʻo i ka punohu nona iho o ka 8.5 hiki i 10 tona.

Mini-kaʻa kauō

Kūkā ana Lūkini mahiʻai nā kaʻa kauō, ua hiki ole kāpae'ōlelo i ka ieie-kaʻa kauō. Ka mea, he poe machines i like ai i ko lakou "mau kaikuaana" i He uuku ka nui a me ka affordable kumukuai. E like me ka rula, e hoʻohana ieie-nā kaʻa kauō ma kahi o ka mea pono e hoʻohana 'iniha, me ka kiʻekiʻe hokii, o ka wahie - i ka poe liilii, o na aina. E hoʻohana i ia no kekahi mau hana: mahi, lulu a ohi ai, a no laila, ma luna o. No ka laʻana, noonoo i ka Lūkini minitractor "Uralets".

I ka moolelo o keia kükohu ka hoʻomaka 'ana ma Chelyabinsk, ma ka huakai "kaʻa kauō" Ua hui o ka i me ka "Interagro" poʻe. I ka la mahope Ua lōʻihi Ua ka oihana Luna o ka Pākē kaa ma Rusia. Alu like 'ana ma waena o ka poʻe e ho'ōla Led i ka mea i ho'āla ai i? Iecaianoaaiiie laina o ieie-nā kaʻa kauō "Uralets" i loko o 2011. Ka laulā ninoieo o ekolu Ke Ana Hoʻohālike, kela mea keia mea o ka a mākou e hōʻike ma lalo nei.

"Uralets 160"

'O kēia ka wahi nawaliwali o na ana hoʻohālike. Kona vertical kakolina diesel engine haawi i ka huina o 16 horsepower. Ka mea kaupaona emi ma mua o ke tona, no laila ia mea, aole i nawaliwali no ka hohonu kana e mahiai ana. Like a pau "Urals", ke kükohu i 4 i alakai mai kona kapa a me 2 nana e hoole. Ma waho aʻeo i ka pipiʻi manao he mea neaa'ōnaehana hoi i ka trailer, me ka lākou o na pu ki aloha uwea a me ka lākou o nā huila no ka ukana. oe ke kuai i ka mana me ka haʻahaʻa-Profile pālua huila ina makemake.

"Uralets 180"

Kēia mana mua mai he mau-paukūʻolokaʻa 18-horsepower kakolina diesel engine. Tractive ikaika lima kūlana kiʻekiʻe o kānaka ma luna, e like me ke kaupaona. Eia naʻe, mai a hiki i ke tona, oia no, aole e paa.

"Uralets 220"

'O kēia ka mea hou a me ka'ōleloʻana mai iā kükohu. Ua Ua pio ka polokalamu 22-horsepower engine, a he hiki loa oi aku ke kaumaha. Ma waho aʻeo i keia, he mea hiki, e kauoha aku i ka palena pau laka. Oiai keia mana ua noʻonoʻo i ka moku lawe hae o nā Ke Ana Hoʻohālike i ka mea kanu kaikaina no hoi i ole poina. Hookah e kakau mai i ka polokalamu o kūʻai i ka elemakule "Ural'tsev" a kaumaha ana i nā ho'ēmi kālā ma luna hou poʻe.

ka hopena

I kēia lā, ua aʻo ai meʻoe, i ka mea kūpono ai Lūkini kaʻa kauō. Mua, pehea hana ka mea, oko mai o kā lākou mau haole counterparts - ka pono io a me ka nanea o ka pono. Kekahi pono o ka wahi lulu nā mīkini home -ʻaʻohe pilikia me iāʻoe wahi huli 'ana. kaʻana like 'ana i ka liona ka o breakdowns ua eliminated' ana i loko o ke kula, ma ke alo o ka walaʻauʻana ike i ka mea hoʻohana. Lūkini nā kaʻa kauō i ke kiʻekiʻe palena pau o ka palekana a me ka hana i loko o hoʻohalahala ino ana.

Iwaena o hopena maikaʻi aoao hiki e kaulana lawa hana e like ai. O ka mea hou Ke Ana Hoʻohālike i pilikia me ka aila kulu, pololei ole ana o neaa a me CPR. A Aneane pau Lūkini kaʻa kauō mai i kō nā koi i Europa, no ka palekana o ke ano. Ma waho mea kanu noonoo i kēia lā, he mea'ē aʻe, emi loa-ike a me kaʻiʻo. halawai mākou me ka pono poʻe i maoli ku i ka noonoo.