'O ka moku he laina linear. Nā moku laina o ka moku'o Russian Imperial Navy

'O kahi moku aho he moku kaua e hana'ia i ka lā'au me kahi ka'awale'ana a hiki i ka 6,000 toni. Ua loa'a iā lākou he 135 mau pū ma nā'ao'ao, ho'onohonoho'ia i nā lālani, a hiki i 800 mau māka'i. Ua ho'ohana'ia kēia mau moku i loko o nā kaua ma ke kai me ka ho'ohana'ana i nā hana kaua linear i kapa'ia i nā kenekulia 17-19th.

'O ke'ano o nā ho'oili kaua

Ua'ike'ia ka inoa'o "ship linear" mai ka manawa o nā'auwa'a holo. I loko o ke kai kaua mnogopalubniki hoalaala ia i loko o kekahi laina e haawi aku i ka salvo o pū ma luna o ka enemi. He ahi like kēlā me nā pūkuniahi o ke ea i mea nui ai ka'enemi. I kēia manawa ua ho'omaka'ia nā'ano o ka hakakā i kapa linear. Ua ho'ohana mua'ia ke kūkulu'ana i kahi lālā o nā moku i ke kaua moana i nā'auwa'a Pelekania a me Sepania i ka ho'omaka'ana o ke kenekulia 17.

'O nā kūpuna o nā ho'oili kaua he mau lako kaua me nā mea kaumaha, nā kāpili. 'O ka'ōlelo mua i kāhea'ia i'ike'ia ma Europa i ka ho'omaka'ana o ke kenekulia 17. Ua'oi aku ka māmā a me ka pōkole o kēia mau hi'ohi'ona o nā moku kaua ma mua o nā galleons. 'O ia mau'ano i hiki ai iā lākou ke loli wikiwiki,'o ia ho'i, e kū'ē i ka'enemi. 'O ka hana'ana i ia mea he mea pono ia i ka ihu o ka moku e hiki mai ana i ka hope o ka mua. No ke aha lā i maka'u'ole ai e hō'ike i nā papa o nā moku ma lalo o nā'enemi? No ka mea, he mea pono e palekana'ia ka moku mai nā pahu o ka'enemi.

'O ke ka'ina hana o nā moku kaua

Ma hope koke iho, ua'ike'ia kahi holo kaua kaua e ho'ouka'ia ana, a no ka'oi aku o ke 250 mau makahiki i lilo i ke kumu nui o ke alaka'i'ana i ke kaua ma ke kai. 'A'ole i kū mālie ka holomua, mahalo i nā hana hou loa no ka helu'ana i nā hull, ua hiki iā ia ke'oki i nā awa kūkunana i loko o nā wahi he'ekolu ma ka ho'omaka mua o ka hale. No laila, hiki ke helu i ka ikaika o ka moku ma mua o ka ho'oku'u'ia'ana. Ma ka waenakonu o ke kenekulia 17, ua ho'oka'awale'ia ka'oko'a ma waena o nā papa:

1. 'O ka lua kahiko. 'O kēia nā moku, a aia nā papa i luna o kekahi. Ho'opili'ia lākou e 50 mau pū puhi i ka'enemi ma nā puka makani ma nā'ao'ao o ka moku. 'A'ole i lawa ka mana o kēia mau moku no ke alaka'i'ana i kahi kaua hakakā a ua ho'ohana nui'ia e like me ke'ano hō'ailona hō'ailona.
2. 'O nā moku kaua'elua a me ka helu o nā pū mai 64 a 90 i pani'ia ka nui o nā'auwa'a.
3. 'Ekolu mau moku ai'ole'ehā mau moku, me 98-144 mau mea kaua, i ho'okau'ia i ka hae. 'O nā'auwa'a he 10-25 mau moku e hiki ke mālama i nā laina kalepa, a i ka wā o nā hana kaua, e kāohi iā lākou no ka'enemi.

Nā wehewehe o nā kaua kaua mai nā po'e'ē a'e

'O nā mea kani kāme'a no nā frigates a me nā moku kaua he mea like -'ekolu-masted. Ma kēlā me kēia mea, he holo pololei. Akā, he'ano like'ole ka moku a me ka moku. 'O ka mua i ho'okahi wale nō papapa'a pa'apa'a, a he nui nā moku kaua. Eia kekahi, he nui aku ka nui o nā pū i kēlā me kēia, a me nā ki'eki'e o nā'ao'ao. Akā,'oi aku ka loli o nā'āpana a hiki ke hana i ka wai pāpa'u.

Mai ke kekona, ua'ike'ia kahi moku laina i nā hua pololei. Eia kekahi,'a'ole kahi hale kūpono i ka hope a me ka hue ma ka ihu. 'O ka moku linear i'oi aku ma mua o ke kekona i ka holo wikiwiki a me ka maneuverability, i ka hakakā pū'ali. 'O ka mea hope loa e hele i ka hakakā. I waena o nā mea'ē a'e, ua ho'ohana pinepine'ia lākou e lawe i nā pū'ali a me nā ukana.

'O ke'ano o nā ho'oili kaua ma Russia

Ma mua o ka noho ali'i'ana o Peter I i Rusia,'a'ole i kūkulu'ia kekahi mau kūkulu. Ua kapa'ia ka mokulele Lūkini mua'o "Goto Predestination". Ma ka makahiki iwakālua o ke kenekulia 18, he 36 mau moku e like me nā moku Moana Russian. I ka ho'omaka'ana, he mau kope piha kēia o nā hi'ohi'ona o Western, akā i ka hopena o ke au iā Peter I, ua ho'omaka nā moku Lūkini Lūkini i ko lākou mau hi'ohi'ona pono'ī. Ua pōkole loa lākou,'a'ole i emi iki ka loli, a he kūlana kūpono'ole i ke kūlike. Ua kūpono loa kēia mau moku i nā kūlana o ka Azov a me ka Moana Baltic. 'O ka mō'ī pono'ī pū kekahi i komo i ka hana a me ke kūkulu'ana. 'O kona inoa -'o ka moku Navy Imperial na kāhiko i ka moku Lūkini mai'Okakopa 22, 1721 a hiki iā'Apelila 16, 1917. 'O nā kama'āina wale nō ke kūlana hanohano e hiki ke lawelawe ma nā'ali moku, a'o nā luina ma luna o nā moku e ki'i'ia mai nā maka'āinana. 'O ka'oihana ola i loko o ka Navy no ko lākou ola a pau.

'O ka laina Linear "'umikumamālua mau'Alo'ōlelo"

"12 aposetolo" i waiho'ia i ka makahiki 1838 a ho'oholo'ia i ka makahiki 1841 ma ke kūlanakauhale'o Nikolaev. He moku ia me 120 mau pū ma luna o ka moku. 'O ka nui o nā moku o kēia'ano i ka moku Lūkini. 'A'ole wale kēia mau moku i ko lākou lokomaika'i a me ka nani o nā'ano like'ole,'a'ohe o lākou like i ke kaua ma waena o nā moku holo. 'O ka moku o ka moku "12'Amelika"'o ia ka mea mua ma ka Navy Imperial Navy, kahi i lawelawe me nā pū'uku hou.

'O ka hopena o ka moku i ulu i kekahi'ano i kū'ole'o ia e komo i kekahi hakakā o ka Moana'Ele'ele. Ua pa'a kona kino a'a'ole i loa'a kahi lua. Akā, ua lilo kēia moku i kahua ho'ona'auao hō'oia,'o ia ka mea e pale ai i nā pu'u kaua a me nā pu'uhonua Lūkini ma ke komohana o ka Caucasus. Eia kekahi, ua ho'okau'ia ka moku no ka lawe'ana i nā pū'ali'āina a hele i nā huaka'i lō'ihi no 3-4 mau mahina. Ma hope iho, ua kahe ka moku.

'O nā kumu i emi'ole ai nā moku kaua

'O ke kūlana o nā moku kaua moana e like me ka ikaika o ka ikaika nui ma ke kai no ka ho'olālā'ana i nā mea'oihana. Ua komo koke nā pīpē pumehana i loko o ka papa lā'au me nā pokipoki i piha i ka pupuhi pu'upu'u, a ua lilo ka moku i mea'ino nui a puhi'ana i ke ahi. Inā ma mua o ka hana'ole'ana o ka hō'ailona i kahi hō'eha nui i nā hulu o nā moku, ua hiki i nā pōkō ke ho'oku'u iho i nā moku kaua Lūkini ma kahi mau haneli he kanalima wale nō. Mai kēia manawa, ua ho'opuka'ia ka nīnau no ka pale'ana i nā kūkulu'ana i nā mea kaua mai ke kila.

I ka makahiki 1848, ua hana'ia nā māmā a me nā māhoe ikaika ikaika, no laila ua ho'omaka lemu'ia nā wa'a holo moana e ha'alele i ke kahua. Ua ho'ohuli'ia kekahi o nā moku a ua ho'olako'ia me nā mokumahu. Eia kekahi, ua hana'ia kekahi mau moku nui me nā wa'a, ua kapa'ia lākou he laina linear.

Nā moku laina o ka moku'o Russian Imperial Navy

I ka makahiki 1907, ua hō'ea mai kahi moku hou, ma Rūsia i kapa'ia ai he laina linear, a ua hō'emi'ia paha - nā moku kaua. 'O kēia nā moku kaua i ho'olālā'ia. 'O ko lākou ne'e'ana mai ka 20 a 65 mau tononi. Inā ho'ohālikelike'oe i nā moku kaua a me nā moku kaua i ka 1800, ua lō'ihi ka lō'ihi o 150 a 250 m. Ua lako lākou i ka pana pua mai 280 a 460 mm. 'O nā luina o ka moku kaua - mai 1500 a 2800 po'e. Ua ho'ohana'ia kekahi moku e luku ai i ka'enemi ma ke'ano he māhele o ka hakakā kaua a me ke kāko'o'oihana no ka hana'āina. Ua hā'awi'ia kona inoa i nā moku'a'ole i ho'omana'o nui i nā moku laina, akā no ka mea e pono ai lākou e ho'āla hou i nā'ano o ke kaua laina.