'O Silicic a me kona ho'ohana'ana

Silicicʻakika theoretically mea he huina lakou o ka silikone'okesaside a me ka wai. A o ka lakio o keia mau mea i hiki ke loli loa. No laila, i ke'ano ma'amau, hiki ke pani'ia ko lākou hui'ana e ke'ano. I kēia hihia, nā'āpana silicic me ka hiki'ana o nā'āpana like'ole o ka oxyide a me ka wai,'o ia ho'i, me nā'ano like'ole o nā mea pā'ina n a me ka m, hiki ke loli iki mai kahi'āina i kekahi. No laila, ma kēia hihia, hiki ke helu'ia nā n a me nā mīkini.

Hiki ke loa'a ke'eneke waikaleka ma ka hana'ana i kahi silica o kekahi o nā metala alkali (e like me ka sodium) a me kekahi o nā "ikaika" (e like me ka waikawa hydrochloric). Ma kēia'ano, ua ho'oka'awale'ia kekahi o ia mau'ano waikawa (loa'a) ma ka mā'oko'a: metasilicic, orthosicic, a me nā mea'ē a'e. Eia kekahi la'ana, ka hopena'enehana no ka hana'ana o ka waikawa metasilicic:

+ 2HCl = + 2NaCl

Eia na'e, hiki'ole ke loa'a ka waikiki silicic ma ke'ano maika'i. Ma koʻana koko pāʻoihana (a ua loaa ka mea, supersaturated) silicicʻakika i loko o ka polymerization kaʻina pohaku kumu ho okumu o colloidal pāʻoihana a me kekahiʻano pōkole wā o ke ola. Ma muli o kēia mau hō'oia, ma muli o ka coagulation, ua ho'okumu'ia he gel. 'O kēia ke'ano o ka ho'ohana'ana i ke acidic silicic, no ka ho'omalo'o'ia'ana o kēia gel, ua loa'a kahi gel silica i kapa'ia, i ho'ohana'ia me he mea lae a ho'okipa. Ho'ohui'ia, me nā ho'olālā kūikawā, e loa'a nā colloids pa'a (ai'ole nā lepo) mai nā solution solutions colloidal, a'ike'ia ho'i ka ho'ohana'ana i ka hana.

'O ke'ano o ka waiuma Silicic, he palupalu a hemo'ole. Ke ho'onā'ana,'o ka hopena o ke acidic silicic, e hō'ike'ia i ke'ano o ka hopena ma'ema'e:

=

'O ia ka wai ikaika ma mua o ka pahuhu ho'okahi. By pono o kēia silicicʻakika ma koʻana koko pāʻoihana ua hoʻoneʻe carbonicʻakika mai kona paʻakai likeʻole. Eia kekahi la'ana, hiki ke'ike'ia kēia ma ka pane:

= +

'O nā kineta o nā waikawa silicic i kapa'ia he silicates. He'ano ma'alahi lākou i ke'ano. No laila,'o ka papa hana o ka'ōpū o ka honua,'o ia ke'ano he silica a silicates. O nā feldspar, likeʻole clays, Mika, talc, a he nui na mea e ae. Ho'okomo pū'ia nā Silicates i ka hana'ana o nā pōhaku - granite, basalt a me nā mea'ē a'e. 'O nā pōhaku silika o silicates he mau pōhaku kaulana loa nō ia, no ka'ike'ole i ka nani a me ka nani, ua mana'o nui'ia e like me nā Emeralds, nā topazes a me nā aquamarine.

'A'ole e wehe ka hapa nui o silicates i ka wai. Na, koe wale nō paʻakai silicates a me potasiuma. Hiki ke loa'a iā lākou ma ka ho'ohehe'e'ana me ka wai kūpono a me ka carbonate. Eia kekahi la'ana,

+ = +

'O nā'ano hana ma'alahi i kēia'ano o nā pa'akai i kapa'ia he "aniani wai". Ho'ohana'ia ia i mea ho'ohana i ka līlū ma ka hana'ana o ka lima a'a'a'ia me ka'akika, a me ka ho'ohui'ia, ho'ohana'ia i ka hana'ana i nā puka putite a me ka pa'i pepa. Ma ke'ano he kīnā ahi a me ka wai'ole, ua mālama'ia ho'i lākou me nā huahana i hana'ia i nā lole, ka lā'au a me ka pepa.

'O Silicates, kahi i loko o ka alumini, i kapa'ia he aluminosilicates. 'O kēia mau mea he mica a me feldspar,'oiai'oi aku ka pa'akikī o kā lākou hana. Penei, feldspar, koe wale no silikone'okesaside a me ka Aluminum'okesaside no hoi kekahi mau oxides o ka paʻakai, potasiuma, a me ka paʻakai. I loko o ka mica, me ka hui pū me ka aluminika a me ka silica, aia ke hydrogen, ka sodium a pāpa pālolo paha, akā, hiki nō paha, akā he'ole ka mea ma'amau,'o ka calcium, ka magnesium a me ka hao.

Ma ke'ano laulā, he whānui loa a ho'ohana'ia ka ho'ohana'ana i nā silicates i kēia mau lā. Ho'ohana'ia nā pōhaku silicate ma'a pōhaku e like me nā mea hale. Ho'ohana'ia nā Silicates e like me nā mea waiwai ma ka hana'ana o ka sima, ke'ano o nā mea pena, ke aniani, a me nā mea'ē a'e. Ke ho'ohana'ia nei'o Mika a me nā'ili ma ka hana'ana i nā mea'ē a'e.