Russian-Peresia kaua o 1826-1828.

I ka hoʻomaka o ka XIX kenekulia, ka Russian aupuni a pau a me Peresia i arguing no ole i loko o ka Caucasus, a me ka Caspian Sea kahakai. Ma waena o kēia mau mana Noho'āina e like me Georgia,'Ararata a me Dagestan. I ka 1804 ka hoʻomaka 'ana i ka mua Lūkini-Peresia kaua. Ao kona welau aia ma hope o nā makahikiʻeiwa. Ma muli o kona hualoaʻa, hookuu aku la i loko o ka Gulistan maluhia mauʻaelike, Rusia hui i kona mau aina Keokia a me ka hapa 'ia' Armenian.

I ka make ana o ka Peresia i ole hoopii. Ua lilo ke aupuni kaulana revanchist olelo la. Shah makemake e • loaʻa hou i ka nalowale panalaau. No ka mea, o keia irreconcilable kaua o ka pono, i lilo ai Lūkini-Peresia kaua (1826-1828). Kumu o ke kue ana, a tensions i loko o ka māhele 'āina ua i ia inevitable.

Ke kalaiaina kulana home 'ole

Hoomakaukau ana no ke kaua hou, i lilo ai i loko o Peresia, koke ma hope o ka make i ka 1813. Mua o nā mea a pau Fath-Ali Shah Qajar ho'āʻo e enlist i ke kākoʻo mai o na mana Europa. Before mea,ʻo ia hilinai ma ka Hoikehonua, ka poe i oia i kuikahi me ka Peresia ma ka Ewa o ke kaua ma luna o Rusia i ka 1812. Nā hua'ōlelo stipulated i loko o ka aelike Finkeshteynskom.

Mai laila, nae, ua loli dramatically ke ao nei kulana. Ka Napoleonic Wars i pau ai i loko o ke pio ana o Farani, a me ka pīhoihoi Emperor, ka mea i loko o ke pioʻana ma luna o St. Helena. Shah pono i ka hou Ally. Mua e hoʻomaka ana i ke kaua Lūkini-Peresia o 1826-1828., Hoomaka leo kāhea o ka o Peresia hoʻolako 'ana UK.

Ma keia koloniala mana i kona mau pono ma ka hawaiian māhele 'āina. Kingdom waiho ma Inia, a me kaʻelele Pelekāne i ma'Ilana mea i oleloia mai e e kekahi o na enemi o keia aina ma Lākana. I ka Ia manawa ka oukou paio wawahi mai ma waena o Peresia, a me Tureke. Pelekāne peacekeepers pâʻani 'o ia i ke kūlana i loko o ka naʻe me ka Ottoman aupuni a pau i loko o ka hoao, e koi aku i ka Shah i ke kaua me kekahi hoalauna - Rusia.

Ma ka Ewa o ke kaua

I keia manawa, i i ka lua o ke keiki a Fath Ali Shah Abbas Mirza luna o ka Peresia kaua. He Ua Komikina'Āina e hoomakaukau i ke kaua no ka hou ho'āʻo, a lawe aku no hoi mai a pau e pono ai nā mea hoʻololi. Army modernization Ua kākoʻoʻia ka UK. Koa loaa ia kaua hou a me nāʻaʻahu aliʻi, kekahi hapa kuai maʻEulopa. Pela Abbas Mirza ho'āʻo e lanakila i ka oaoieei-backwardness o ko lākou mau subordinates mai Lūkini wahi. Strategically ka mea, ua no i koe i loko o ke ala e hiki aku akau, akā, kona nā mea hoʻololi'Ilana ke keʻena luna loa wikiwiki, imi ole i ka lilo manawa. Kēia Ua pâʻani 'o ia i ka hana ino'ōlelo hoʻomakeʻaka. I ka wā o ka Lūkini-Peresia kaua, ka mea i komo i loko o ka hope oukou paio ana, e hai i ka loli i loko o kaʻenemi e hoʻomoana ai. Akā, ka mea, ua i lawa i ka lanakila i ka nahā i mea i waena o ka poe koa o Rotehama I a me Shah.

I ka makahiki 1825,'Ilana militarists me ka olioli maliu mai i ka lono i ka Lūkini Emperor Alexander I koke make i loko o Taganrog. Kona hele ana mai i ke ola i alakai i ka pōkole dynastic hoʻoponopono ulia , a (oi importantly) i ke kipi ana o ka Decembrists. Alexander, aohe ana keiki, a ua i ka noho aliʻi, e neʻe i ka kekahi hoahanau, Constantine. He hoole, a e ho'ōla wā i aliʻi ai ma Rotehama, ka poe i ike ole i hoʻomākaukau ai no keia. By aʻoʻo ia i kekahi koa. Decembrist uprising alakai aku la ia i loko o ka huhu. I ka wā o ka coup ho'āʻo nele, ma St. Petersburg, hoomaka ae la oia i ka lōʻihi e hookolokolo.

Ua ua i nā lā o nā kuhikuhipuʻuone a hou o ke alii, hoomaka ae la e hai aku i ka mō'ī i ka hema hoalauna ma ke akea e hoomakaukau ana no ka kaua kaua. He Alihikaua Nui la o ka Caucasus i ke kaulana General Aleksey Ermolov. I hala iho nei Russian-Peresia kaua i wahi ma mua o kona mau maka, a me ka ia, e like i kekahi mea'ē aʻe, ua ike no ka pilikia o ka hou kaua. He keia mau oi paha lakou a pau me Rotehama e pili ana i ka ka manaʻolana 'ia o ka Caucasus.

Ka Emperor Paneʻano sluggish, akā nōʻae, e hoouna aku i Tehran Prince Alexander Menshikov. Ke wā e hiki mai Kuhina o ka Moana i i loaʻa i ka hoʻomaopopo like 'ōlelo me ka Peresia diplomats. Ke alii i haawi aku i kana kauoha kuhikuhi, e like me ka mea ana i makemake, e haawi aku i kekahi hapa o ka hoopaapaa Talysh Khanate ia makahiki, no ka maluhia hooponopono ana o ke kaua. Naʻe i loko o Tehran i iʻae i kēia mau noi. Menshikov i hopu, a me nā mea a pau i nāʻelele, eia nae ua, kuu i ka 1827.

Peresia uao

Ke ole o ka ma mua o ke kūkā 'ua alakai ai i ka mea i ke kaua Lūkini-Peresia naʻe hoʻomaka. July 16, 1826'Ilana lākou poʻe kaua i kela kapa o ka mokuna i loko o ka wahi o ke kālā no Azerbaijan, kahi he mau Talysh a me Karabakh khanate. Kēia hana i hana malu a me ka hoopunipuni, i kūhelu kūkala i Uaʻaʻohe kaua.

Ma ka mokuna he wale kūlana pale hao wale akoakoa ma ka wikiwiki, a oia hoi o kūloko Azerbaijanis. Ka mea hiki ole kaumaha nui ia'ku hoomakaukau ia e ka Peresia kaua. Kekahi noho e hoÿomaÿamaÿa Hoʻomana Mohameka, i hui i ka poʻe komohewa. E like me na mea kuka, Abbas Mirza, ka Peresia poʻe kaua ua e neʻe i ke Koro ma nā awāwa o ka Kura muliwai. Ua manaoia i ka papa kuhikuhiE manao moku'āina kapikala Tiflis. Maikaʻi loa, ka mea Lūkini lākou poʻe kaua a pau e e kiola ai i ka kekahiʻaoʻao o ka Terek.

Ke kaua i loko o ka Caucasus māhele 'āina i mau i he mau tactical hiʻona e pili ana i ka kekahi wahi. E hele i ka lapa o ka aina ua hiki wale ma kekahi ala. E hana ana ma ka Caucasus, ka Peresia hoouna kākoʻo lākou poʻe kaua a hiki i ke kūkulu'ākau, me ka manao e hihia i ke ala a hiki i ka papa kuhikuhiE Lūkini poe koa a pau.

War ma Karabakh

I ka papa kuhikuhiE pūʻulu ma lalo o ka pololei alakaʻiʻana o Abbas Mirza helu 40.000 koa. Kēia poe koa i kela kapa o ka mokuna muliwai Araks, a poai puni i ka pā kaua o Shushi. Ma ka Ewa o ka Peresia kauoha ho'āʻo e enlist i ke kākoʻo o kaiakū ali, ka poe luna o ka Azerbaijanis e noho ana i loko o ke kūlanakauhale. Kekahi o ia mea maoli Abbas Mirza kākoʻo i olelo mua iaʻi.

Ma Shusha like Armenian heluna o ka Orthodox heluna kanaka, a, ma ka Akä, ua ua kupaʻa i ka Lūkini Aupuni. I ka poe koa o ka pā kaua o lakou no ka poe o Cossacks. Hoʻopilikia Hoʻoholo ihola e lawe, ae hoʻopaʻa i ka Muslim ali, ka poe i mahuʻi mua o ke kipi a me ka neʻepapa hoʻi me ka poʻe Peresia. Ua hoomaka kaʻenaʻena nooaai? I ka militia, a oiaʻano nui o Armenians. I loko nō o ka ikaika hana o ka Cossacks, i ole i Shusha i kekahi mea e like me ka lako hou i nui o ka ai, a me ka mea kaua e pono ai ka holomua ma o ka hanaʻino a me ka hoʻopuniʻana pale.

I keia manawa, no ka Karabakh Khan, lilo iho la ke kanaka pio o Rusia ma hope o ke kaua ana o 1804-1813., Hai mai la i ke kākoʻo mai o ka Peresia poʻe komohewa. Abbas Mirza, no kona kuleana, i'ōlelo mai patronage ma luna o ka kūloko Nā Poʻe Isalama. He pū hai i ke kaua wale me ka Lūkini, me ka manao ia e kōkua mai ia ia, e huki kanaka i kā lākouʻaoʻao.

I ka pua ana o Shusha

hoomaka ae la i ka hou Lūkini-Peresia kaua me ka pua ana o Shusha hūlili. hoʻokaʻawale hoʻoikaika 'ana o nā pā Attackers a me defenders i. E pakele o keia keʻakeʻa nei, ka Peresia kau mines, loaa aku la i Europa kōkua. Eia hou kekahi, Abbas Mirza kena ae i ka akau ma lalo o nā paia o kekahi mau illustrative hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo o ka Karabakh Armenians, me ka manao ana i kēia hana o ka pono nō hakakā Armenian a me ka Lūkini, ensconced i loko o ka pā kaua. Ua i loaʻa.

Na Peresia iā Shusha nā hebedomaʻehiku. Kēia kali hou aku i ka papa o ka oihana koa kai eʻe hoʻololi nui. Ua hoʻoholo ihola nā Iranians e puunaue i ka poe koa, a hoouna aku 18000th poe i Elisavetpolya (Ganja). Abbas Mirza manaʻolana i kēiaʻoihana kaʻa, e ae aku ia ia e hele i Tiflis, mai ka hikina mai, i makemake e he piha haohao no ka Cossacks.

Shamkhor kaua

I-Luna Nui o ka Lūkini koa i loko o ka Caucasus General Yermolov ma ka hoʻomaka o ke kaua ka mea, ua i loko o Tbilisi, a ho'ākoakoa aʻela i nā shelves. Kona manao mua ua i koke aku i ka hohonu o ka aina, e lure i ka Peresia aku, mai kona mau mokuna. Kela manawa, i hou kulana Cossacks makemake i ka okoa ia Morohiha maluna o ka Shah ka poe koa.

Eia naʻe, ma ka manawa i akoakoa mai la ka poe o ka 8 tausani koa ma Tbilisi, ua lilo i mea akaka i ka poʻe komohewa i paʻa no ka manawa lōʻihi ma lalo o nā paia o Shushi. No laila, a pau o ka ulia, ka hoʻomaka 'ana i ka Lūkini-Peresia kaua. 1826 ua ka piha kowali, a me Yermolov hoʻoholo e luku aku hoʻi ma mua o ka anu ino. Ua hoounaia mai Army alakaʻiʻia Major General Madatova i Elisavetpolya, e hooki aku i ka enemi, a hookiekie ae i ka pua ana o Shusha.

Kēia pūʻulu Uaʻalo me kaʻenemi mua kiai kokoke i ke kulanakauhale o Shamkir. Ke Kauaʻia ihola i loko o ka historiography ua, ua kapaia Shamkhor kaua. Ka mea, ua iho la ka mea i alakaʻi ai i ka hopena o ke kaua Lūkini-Peresia o 1826-1828. Up a hiki i keia wahi i ka Iranians hooukaia mai, aneane me ke ku e ole i hoʻonohonoho 'ia'ku. Ano ka mea, ua i ka maka i ka Lūkini koa maoli.

Ma ka manawa Madatovʻikeʻia i loko o Azerbaijan, o ka Peresia i Elisavetpol ua precipitated. E hemo mai ma i ke kulanakauhale blockaded, i ka poe kaua Lūkini i pono e uhai i kaʻenemi ka vanguard. September 3, ma ke kaua o ka hookuku kaua, ka Peresia poho i make 2000 kanaka, iā Madatov nalowale 27 koa. No ka mea, o ka mea pio i loko o ke kaua Shamkhor Abbas Mirza i, e hoʻokiʻekiʻe hoʻi i ka pua o Shusha, a neʻe ma shelves ku emi iki nei ma Elisavetpolem.

Ke expulsion o ka Peresia mai Rusia

Valerian Madatov wale 6 tausani kanaka i kauoha mai ai. Ka mea, ua maopopo i lawa, e kipaku aku i ka Peresia mai Yelizavetpol. No laila, ma hope o lanakila a puni Shamkhor, āna i hana ai i ka iki maneuvering, iloko i Ally me ka hou kilo, ua hele mai, mai Tiflis. Ka halawai i wahi ma September 10. New regiments i kauoha mai ai ma ka Ivan Paskevich. He i noho luna ana o ka poe koa a pau, e hele mai ana e hookuuia Elizavetpol.

September 13, Lūkini lākou poʻe kaua e noho ana kokoke i ke kulanakauhale. Noho iho la na no hoi o ka Peresia. Na aoao elua, hoomaka ae la e hoomakaukau ana no ka mea kuleana kaua. Ua hoomaka iho la me ka, pili shelling. Ke kaua mua Peresia infantry bogged ia aie i ka mea i na shelves holo i loko o ke awāwa, a trapped, hele mai ma lalo oʻenemi ke ahi.

Ma ke kūpono 'ana o Lūkini poʻe hao wale pâʻani' o ia i kekahi kuleana kūlana Kherson regiment, i i alakaʻi pololei Paskevich. hiki ole Iranians kōkua aole hoi i ka mea kaua, aole hoi me ka lio ho'āʻo e hoouka aku i ka Keokia militia pūhaka. Russian-Peresia kaua, na kumu o i mea no ka makemake o ke Shah, e hoouka aku kona hoalauna, ua hoike hookahi manawa hou i ka hikina kaila kaua ua ineffective ku e Lūkini poʻe hao wale, aʻo i loko o ka Europa ano. Counterattack māhele Paskevich i alakai ai i ka mea i ka Iranians initially aku la lakou i ko lakou mau palapala kulana, a ma ke ahiahi, a me nā mea a pau maalo ae la ia lakou.

Poho kekahi mau aoao hou kahaha ko oukou naau disproportionate. General Paskevich helu 46 pepehi, a ma kahi o elua haneri eha. Ka Iranians,ʻelua tausani kanaka i make. Kahi o ka hookahi helu o ke koa hookuu mai ai ia. Eia hou, i ka Lūkini hele aku la i kaʻenemi mea kaua a me ka hae. Ka lanakila ma Elisavetpolem alakai aku ai i ka popoiwi wahi. Ano, Rusia ua hoʻoholo mea e ia i ka Lūkini-Peresia kaua. I ka hopena o ke kaua i hai ma ka aina, a loaa i ka makana i ka mea hou Auguseto, ka mea i ke akea ho'āʻo lākou mākaukau me he alakaʻi.

kai eʻe 1827

Paskevich pomaikai ana kūpono. He Ua hoonohoia ka luna o ke alii, a me ke alii kiaaina ana o ka Caucasus. By October, ua hooauheeia'ku lakou i ka'Ilana poʻe hao wale ma luna o ka mokuna muliwai Araks. Pela ka mea i hoihoi hou ia i ke kūlana quo. Nā koa malaila i ka hooilo, a ma ke alo, i hoʻokumu i? Aiaiiuie hoohiamoe ia. Eia naʻe, a pau aoao ike i mea ole ma Lūkini-Peresia kaua (1826-1828). Pokole, ma Rotehama hoʻoholo ihola e lawe ka lanakila o ka pomaikai o ka poe koa, a me ka ole wale, e kipaku i ka poʻe komohewa, akā, e hoʻopau i ka ka piʻiʻana Orthodox'Ararata, hapa o ka a nō no i ka Shah.

I ka papa kuhikuhiE manao o Paskevich i ke kulanakauhale o Erivan (Yerevan) a me Erivan khanate, he mua pio e no Iran. Ka oihana kai eʻe hoomaka ma ka hopena o wai. I ke kauwela o Lūkini poʻe hao wale hookuu mai ai ia i ka nui pāpū Sardar-Abad. A hiki Augate ke alii o ka poe koa i ole halawai mea e kū'ē'ē mai. A pau i kēia manawa, Abbas Mirza ua ma ka hale, lalau aku i hou shelves.

Oshakanskaya kaua

I kakahiaka Aukake, ka Peresia hope o 25-tausani koa i loko o ka Erivan khanate. Kona poe koa e pepehi i ke kulanakauhale o Echmiadzin, a ua wale heʻuʻuku Cossack pā kaua, e like me kahiko Christian paʻa i hoailona. Ka pā a pau a hiki i hoʻopakele paukū, alakaʻiʻia Lutanela Nui Athanasios Krasovsky.

August 17 He uuku helu o Lūkini poʻe hao wale i ka 3000 i ke kanaka pepehi wale ia e kekahi poe koa 30-ikaika o Abbas Mirza. Ua i kekahi o ka loa pīhoihoi Episode, a i ikeia o ka Lūkini-Peresia kaua. Ka lā Oshakanskoy kaua (e like me ka mea ua ike ia ma historiography) coincided me hoʻokumu Haole unbearable wela, i ka ia eha o nā mea a pau o ka poe koa.

Ka manao Krasovsky poe ua e hemo mai ma i ke kūlanakauhale i hoʻopilikiaʻia ma ke anuanu kaua o ka enemi. Russian lawe he nui ukana a me ka ai e pono ai no ka poe koa. Ke alanui, he ia e waiho ma ka bayonets, no ka mea, ua i kekahi alanui, ma laila e ia i ka poʻe Peresia. E malama i ka enemi ho'āhewa wale, mea kaua mobilized Krasovsky, a mai ka hoʻomaka 'ana o ka hana i lawe i ka strategically pono i ka iwi kiʻekiʻe. pū ae hoʻolele i ole ae i ka Peresia, e hoouka aku i ka Lūkini me kona ikaika a pau, a ua lewa i loko o ka hopena o ke kaua.

E like me ka hopena, poe Krasowski e hoʻokele e wawahi i loko o Echmiadzin, hoʻowahāwahā i ka mea i na koa'ē aʻe o kēia pūʻali koa i make ia, kipakuia aku ka ho'āhewa wale 'o Nā Poʻe Isalama. Ke ole i loaa ia ia ka ikaika demoralizing ia ma luna o nā mea a pau Peresia alakaʻi. Abbas Mirza kekahi manawa i nō imi e hoopilikia ana i ke kulanakauhale, akā, koke auhee akamai ana.

Ka papa koa o ke aupuni a pau ma lalo o ke alakaʻiʻana o Paskevich i ia manawa i hoʻolalaʻo e hele io lākou lā Azerbaijan, a ke hele aku i Tabriz. Akā, ma ka hopena o August, ka luna i loaa i ka lono o nā hanana ma Echmiadzin, no ka mea, o ka i hele aku i kekahi kahua o Lūkini-Peresia kaua (1826-1828). Kumu no ka Paskevich hoouna mai i kekahi mea uuku poe i ke komohana, he mau - la oia i manaoio aku ia Abbas Mirza mea i loko o ka okoa māhele 'āina. Hoʻomaopopo pū i ka papa kuhikuhiE'Ilana kaua ku ma kona hope-luna hōʻole e hele i Tabriz, a hoʻoneʻe i loko o ka olelo o ka Erivan khanate.

lawe Yerevan

September 7, Paskevich a me Krasovsky hui ma Etchmiadzin, a me i ma ka Ewa o ka hoʻopuniʻana i hoʻokiʻekiʻe. Ma ka ahalunakanawai, ka mea i hooholoia, e lawe i ka Armenian Erivan. Inā i ka poe koa e hiki ke hoʻopio i ke kūlanakauhale, ka mea makemake i pau ai i ka Lūkini-Peresia kaua. 1828 ua holo mai ana, no laila, Paskevich koke ku i ke alanui, me ka manao e hoʻokō i ka hana mamua o ka hooilo.

Russian-Peresia makahiki, kaua i mai ai i loko o ke au o ka turbulence i loko o ka Lūkini moku'āina, nae, ua hoike mai ia, ma muli naʻe o na mea a pau, i ka poe kaua aliʻi hiki ke hoʻoponopono i ka hana ana kū'ē'ē 'ana i loko o ka loa, ua koi ikaika aku ana. Ma Rotehama I,ʻaʻole me ka kumu e manaoio ia ia mea e pono e hookupaa nui ae i ka protectorate ma o ka pau ana o'Ararata. Ka lāhui 'ōiwi kanaka o ka aina, he hoi Orthodox Kristiano, a no nā kenekulia iʻae mai Muslim domination.

Ka mua ho'āʻo o Armenians, e hookupaa i ka hui 'ana me St. Petersburg i wahi i kakahiaka nui me ka manawa o ka noho alii ana o Petero I. Ua ua i ia manawa i ka Lūkini koa hookuuia mokuna ma ka aina ma ka hema Caucasus. Paskevich, i ka hikina'Ararata, i hoʻokipa hoʻi me ke ohohia e na kamaaina. Ua hui ka hapanui o na kanaka o ka luna me he militia.

Russian-Persian 1828 lilo i manawa no Armenians hookahi manawa hou olalo e noho i loko o ka Christian aina. Ua ua he hailona no ia, a ma Erivan. Hoʻomaopopo i kēia, i ka Peresia luna o ka pā hoounaia mai, mai na lala o ka influential Armenian mauʻohana, a hiki incite poe kanaka e kipi. Eia naʻe, precautionary ana i i kōkua i ka Iranians. Ke kūlanakauhale Ua pio e Lūkini poʻe hao wale o Okatoba 1, 1827 ma hope o ka manawa pōkole ino.

ke kūkā '

ma ka ke keʻena luna i loko o nā pule ma hope o kēia lanakila, ia la ia mea e ka mea'ē aʻe aliʻi poʻe kaua hoopio aku Tabriz. Kēia poe koa i kauoha mai ai e George Eristov hoouna Paskevich a hiki i ka hikina hema ma hope o ka he Alihikaua Nui la hema no Erevan. Kēia lanakila i ka hope ke alo-laina hanana, a ua ikeia no ka Russian-Peresia kaua (1826-1828). Ka maluhia Kuikahi ua pono ka Shah. Kona poe koa a pau ua lilo aku KUMUMANAʻO NUI kaua. Nō hoʻi, e nā aliʻi regiments noho kekahi hapa o kona mokuna.

No ia mea, me ka hoouka kaua o ka hooilo, hoomaka ae la na aina e haawi aku diplomats a me truce. Ka mea, hālāwai ma Turkmanchay - he uuku kauhale e kokoke ana i ka mea pio Tabriz. Kuikahi kakau inoa ma keia wahi February 10, 1828, summed i ke kaua Lūkini-Peresia (1826-1828). No ka Rusia i 'ike i nā mea i waiwai ai a pau, i ka poe koa aliʻi i hana ai i loko o ka mua kaua. Eia hou, i ka imperial lei aliʻi loaa hou ia kenekoa 'āpana. Ka mea, ua ka hikina'Ararata a me kona papa kuhikuhiE kulanakauhale o Yerevan a me Nakhchivan Khanate. Na Iraniansʻae e uku i ka nui indemnity (20 miliona kala rubles). ka mea no hoi e lako pono kona 'ole-ākeʻakeʻa i loko o ka Orthodox Armenians resettlement kaʻina hana i loko o ko lākou'āina.

Ka pau o ka e kue

He hana hoihoi i ka lala o ke aliʻi kauoha malu i ka diplomat a me ka mea kākau Alexander Griboyedov. He i loko o ke kūkā o nā kūlana ma lalo i pau ai Lūkini-Peresia kaua (1826-1828) kauwahi. Ma pōkole, ke kuikahi i ole hoopii i ka Iranians. A mau mahina ma hope, hoomaka ae la ka hou Lūkini-Turkish kaua, ka Peresia hoao e kue ana i ka rula o ko ke ao nei.

I mea e hoʻonā i ka hakakā, Tehran hoouna aku la i ka olelo, i i alakaʻi Griboyedov. I ka 1829, i ka'aheʻelele i brutally pepehi e Islamic fanatics. Pepehi kēia ōlaʻi o diplomats. Shah i hoouna aku ai i St. Petersburg-waiwai makana e e hoʻomaikaʻi hou i ai no ke Temepela. Ma Rotehama i ole e hele no ka confrontation, a mai laila i nā hoalauna he lōʻihi ka maluhia.

Ua kanuʻiaʻo ia Griboyedov ka mutilated kino i loko o Tbilisi. Aia i loko o ka lānai hou hookuuia mai ka Iranians Yerevan, oia mua kau ma luna o ke kahua o kona loa kaulana hula "Auwe mai Me". i kaua Russian-Peresia pela i pau ai. Ka maluhia Kuikahi i 'ae' ia no ka ho okumu mau hou'āina, a mai laila ka South Caucasus ua hapa o ke aupuni a pau, a hiki i ka haule ana o ke aupuni mō'ī.