Soviet cosmonaut A. A. Leonov: Kawaihae, kiʻi

Lūkini cosmonautics ike i ka nui helu o koʻikoʻi personalities. Akā, i waena o ia mea he Soviet cosmonaut Leonov Alexei Arkhipovich. Mua o nā mea a pau, oia ua ike no oia i ke kanaka mua i ua ole makau i ka hele i loko o pā a puni. Ua kaulana a me Leonov cosmonaut. Kawaihae o keia poʻokela kanaka e ia i ke kumuhana o ko mākou kūkākūkā.

Birth a me ka noho 'ana kamaliʻi

Ma ka Kemerovo māhele 'āina, a laila, no ka aina o ka a hiki i ka West-Siberian maka, aina hanau o Soviet cosmonaut Leonov. Ka lā o ka hanau - May 30, makahiki 1934. Kona mau makua, Arhip Alekseevich Leonov a me Evdokia Minaevna Sotnikova, koe wale no he uuku Alyosha hoala ehiku'ē aʻe keiki.

A lohe o Alex i ekolu makahiki, me kona 'ohana i ua deported. Ka makua kāne i hele ai i ka paehumu oaio, a me ka makuwahine a me nā keiki i pio e neʻe i Kemerovo, e like me kā lākou mau hale i maoli haawiia mai i ka hao. Akā,ʻelua makahiki ma hope i rehabilitated i kona makua kāne.

Ma Kemerovo A. A. Leonov hele i ke kula, akā, ma ka makahiki 1947, ka 'ohana, ma ka pili' o Randy me ka loli o ka wahi o ka hana o ka breadwinner, i puʻe wale e neʻe i Kaliningrad. Ia mea i loko o kēia kūlanakauhale o ka wā e hiki mai astronaut nui aku mamuli o kona mau haumāna hoʻonaʻauao.

Mai ke kakahiaka kamaliʻi, i moe ai o ka poe koa 'oihana A. A. Leonov, no laila, ma hope o ka loaa ana i kekahi kula kiʻekiʻe palapala puka (1953) komo i ke Koa maunakea Kula, aʻo ia ana puka' o ia i ka 1955. Mau makahiki ma hope o kona puka 'o ia mai ke Kula o ka like pili.

ulu o ka Space

Ia manawa, i ka lua o ka hapalua o na 50s a me 60s XX kenekulia o ka manawa o kokololio ? Acaeoey o ka lewa. I ka 1957, ua hemo ma ka Soviet Union kaʻimi hoʻopunipuni Honua ukali. 'īlio Laika - I ka hookahi makahiki i loko o ka mokulele mea mua e noho ia i loko o ka Astronomical. A pau i ka oi ka manaʻo o ka ninau o ka manawa kūpono o ka lele ana ma na kanaka a puni.

I ka makahiki 1960, i ka Soviet Air Max i ke koho ana o ka pae mua o astronauts, a komo i ka 20 maikaʻi loa-i hoomakaukauia ka poʻe hoʻoholo moku. Ua mea, mai waena o nā lālā o kēia pae hana i ka moku ana o ka mea mua Soviet kahua kaua kiʻi e kaua. Ma keia loa e ku i ka iwakālua o ka LIKE a me A. A. Leonov. He mea'ē aʻe iā ia, i ka paukū ua German Titov, Dmitry Zaikin, Paulo Popovich, Ivan Anikeev, Adrian Nikolayev a me na mea he nui 'ē aʻe kaulana poʻe hoʻoholo moku. I ka hanohano o ka lilo i ka mua cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin i haawiia mai. I 'Apelila 1961, i ka spacecraft "Vostok-1",ʻo ia i ka mea mua orbital mahuka.

Mai 1961 a hiki i 1964, makahiki auhee i a me Titov, Nikolayev, Popovich, Valery Bykovsky a me Komarov. Ka luina o Vladimir Komarov, ka mea i lele ma October 1964, ma ka hou ana i ka luna, oia o elua hou kanaka. i haawi mai ai i ka wa pono e like me ka ka houʻano o ka nunui-spacecraft "Voskhod", i auou caiaiai i ka hopena ua "East".

E kali ana i ko lakou huli i Soviet cosmonaut Leonov. Photo me ia, a me Yuriem Gagarinym hiki ke ike ma luna.

Ka Mokuna holo ana

Ke hou makahiki huakaʻi i? Oaony no ka hapalua like-March 1965. Ua oia no mau kanaka. He Ua kohoia alihi kaua Paulo Belyaev a me ka ke kahu moku, - A. A. Leonov. Mission ua e lawe wahi i loko o ka multiseater spacecraft "Voskhod-2", a, ma e like me ka mana mua i ua Hoʻololi '.

Initially, i ka hana ana o ka huakaʻi ua a hiki i ka manaʻo o ke kanaka spacewalks, a noonoo ia e like me ka hapa o ka Soviet I Helu polokalamu.

"Voskhod-2" me Belyaev a me Leonov ma luna o ka moku i ee aku ma March 18, 1965.

Ma ke kahua

A ma hope iho o ka spacecraft hele aku la i loko o ka Astronomical, ka mea, ua pono, e lawe mai i ka papa kuhikuhiE manao o kaʻauheʻe - he spacewalk. Kēia hana ua e hooholo A. A. Leonov. neʻe koke ke astronaut i loko o ka laka keena, ma hope a ka paʻa pahu koke luna koa, a hoomaka ae la kona depressurization. A laila, Alexei Arkhipovich haʻalele i ka airlock, a hehi mai i loko o ke kahua a puni. He kēia hana o ka a pau ao nei, ua lilo ike A. A. Leonov (astronaut). Photo o kona noho ana i loko o ke kahua a puni ke aupuni 'ia ma lalo nei.

It E ke kaulana i ka wā ma waho o ka spacecraft Alexei Arkhipovich i manao ai discomfort: kona kino wela ala, sweating, mahuahua naau i kela a me naehana kōmi hoomaka. Ma mawaho makahiki astronaut ua lilo hou aku he umikumamalua minuke.

E hoʻi i ka spacecraft ua ukuia i kekahi pilikia. Aie i ka mea i ka makahiki hoopii loa pehu, Leonov ua paakiki e komo hoʻi i loko o ka airlock. A no keia mea - ma ka 'aʻe ana i nā aʻo - ua e kaomi i kona mau lima i mua i loko o kona poo.

paena

pu aku la keia ma kekahi unexpected hana 'pae spacecraft. Ua ua ia e lawe mai koho, ma hope o ka moku, e hana 17 ana e haʻalele i puni i ka Astronomical. Akā, no ka lako a ua malfunctioned. Nolaila, e e waiho i loko o manuale pololei ma hope o 18 'ana e haʻalele i ka "puka-2" i.

pae wahi i ke taiga kahi i loko o ka Perm māhele 'āina. Hoʻopakele aoao ua hiki ke 'imi i ka spacecraft wale nō ma luna o ka lua o ka lā. O ke kumu ho i ka mea e, no ka hoʻolako 'ole i ka hana nona iho pae mai ai i loko o ka unscheduled wahi.

Hou 'oihana astronaut

Ma hope o ka hana i ka Mokuna lele, culminated ma ke kala o ka mua holomua kanaka i loko o ka lewa, Alexei Leonov Ua hookoia ka inoa Hero o ka Soviet Union. He Ua hookoia i ka lani kiekie loa Soviet ia nā kumu kāki - ka "Gold Star" a me ka Papa Naita o Lenin.

Ma hope iho o ia a hiki i ka makahiki 1969 kauoha aupuni Leonov i loko o ka Soviet I Helu polokalamu kauwahi. Akā, ma hope o kau akula Americans ma luna o ka mahina ia iʻelua mai e like me ka Soviet Union ka liu o ka US Poʻokela Honua i nâ o ka "I Helu lahui". Ano, Honua ka ano maoli ukali mea,ʻaʻole i like hoihoi i Lūkini cosmonautics. 'Oiai, i kekahi manawa ia i? Oaony i ka mea e lilo Leonov ke kanaka mua pae ma luna o ka mahina.

I keia manawa, ka poʻe me ka hana Alex Arkhipovich aʻo ma ka Air Max Academy ma ka hana 'enekinia, ao ao.

I ka 1975, Leonov i kona mau lua pokole mahuka ana. Kēia manawa ka mea, ua ka mea nana ua i ka luna o ka luina, a, ma ke kaʻawale, mai ona aku, komo V.Kubasov. I ka holo Ua i ma luna o ka mokulele "Soyuz-19" a he oi aku elima mau lā. Ma keia huakaʻi, la oia i hookahi hou i hookoia ka inoa Hero o ka Soviet Union.

Ma Ianuali 1982 sorokasemiletny Leonov pu me nā pailota o kona hanauna haʻalele i ke kime o astronauts. Kuhikuhi, keia ua ukuia i kona mau makahiki. Eia naʻe, ae hoomau ana a hiki i ka makahiki 1991, e noho ma ka oihana o ka hope. Head o ka CPC. I ka makahiki 1991 hoi aku la oia me ke ano o ka Mele Nui.

Hana ma luna o hoomau

Akā, ia mea,ʻaʻole ia he kanaka ua Alexey Arkhipovich e noho ma ka mea hoohuoi ia. Kela manawa, i ka makahiki 1992, alakai aku la oia i ka naueue ole, hana i loko o ka ulu ana o ka makahiki papahana. Eia hou, oia mea he oihana mau kumu aʻoaʻo, a hiki i ka hoa papa alakaʻi o kekahi o ka mea nui loa Lūkini mau kapa a pau.

Alekseya Arhipovicha ka papa kuhikuhiE Hobby ua a ianoiyuaa a pena. Ma keia hihia, ka mea, ua ike e 'Oihana. Leonov E alu like me ka artist A. Sokolov, a me ka poe ana i Makeke-no ka mea kākau i ka moʻo o Ka Uku Leka A hehi ihola au.

'Aʻole he' aoʻao e Alexei Arkhipovich a me kālai'āina. He Ke He He lâlâ 'o ka Aha Kukamalu o ka aoao hui o "United Rusia". Ma kona 75th hoomakaukau oia kino hoalohaloha Dmitry Medvedev i ka manawa i mālama ai i pelekikena o Rusia.

ohana

Alekseya Leonova ka wahine Svetlana Pavlovna o Dotsenko, hanauia i ka 1940. I ka hala, ua hana e like me ka luna hoʻoponopono i loko o ka hale hoʻopuka puke o ka CPC, a ua manawa hoʻomaha.

I mare ka mea, he mau kaikamahine - (. 1967 k) Victoria (. 1961 k) la o Oksana. Akā, Victoria, ka mea i hana ma ka State University "Sovfraht", make i ka makahiki 1996 i ka hopena o ka hepatitis me ka pneumonic complications. Oksana neiʻo e hana me ka unuhi.

ke kanaka me ka auhau

No laila, ua aʻo maila mākou e pili ana ia he kanaka poʻokela i loko o ka mōʻaukala o pehea A. A. Leonov (astronaut). Kona Kawaihae A ua hooweliweli ae i ko: i ka kakahiaka nui elemakule hanau ae la iʻalo me Stalinist repression, a hoi ae la ua hoano e ka awaawa o ka make ana o kana kaikamahine.

Akā, hoʻowahāwahā i nā mishaps a me nā pilikia, Leonov ua hiki ke lilo kekahi o na personalities loa kaulana i loko o ka Soviet a me ka honua cosmonautics. Ua ua ia i ka mea i loaʻa 'no ka manawa mua, e hele i loko o pā a puni. E manao ana ma ia manawa no i ke koho ana i moho, ua pono ike ia e hoonoho ia ia i ka nuʻukia kekahi kanaka pono i ua io loaʻa kekahi kino ano e. A me ka pono o kēia poʻe uʻi a Alexei Arkhipovich hoao i ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa.

Inflexibility o kona ano a me ka hana i hōʻike ai Leonov ma hope o ko Laieikawai, ka wā, kahi no e hoʻi i hope, aole i hookiʻeleu hana a me ka pilina hana.

Ua Ua kanaka e like A. A. Leonov, Rusia hookano.