Stanyukovich Konstantin Mihaylovich: Kawaihae,ʻike hoʻokumu

Ma Lūkini moʻokalaleo, ua inextricably ua hoʻopili i ka inoa a me ke 'ano moʻokalaleo Ke marinistiki. Ua Ua lilo aneane commonplace assertion i ka Lūkini nō i mau unsurpassed mea hoolea o ka moana hehee wale, e like me ka poʻe kālena i: ka pena - Ivan Aivazovsky, ma ka moʻokalaleo - Stanyukovich. Konstantin hele mai, mai keʻano o hereditary luina. Ua makemake mea, aha aʻe hiki oia i kākau,ʻo ia ana ka hoʻomaka 'ana o kona' oihana me heʻoihana moku luna, i kona manaʻo, i kaʻono no ka palapala, ai 'hana? Ia manawa, me kona mau kumu nui nō paha, ia i loaʻa mai i kekahi manawa.

ke keiki a Adimarala

He Ua hanau ia ma 1843 ma ke kulanakauhale, symbolizing ka manuwa nani o Rusia - ma Sevastopol. Makua - Adimarala Mihail Nikolaevich Stanyukovich - i mālama ai i koa alii kiaaina, a me ka commandant o ka oihana awa o Sevastopol. "Weliweli, Adimarala," i kapa ai ia ia ma hope keiki-mea kākau, noʻonoʻo i ka mea maikai meaola hana pāʻoihana i ke kanaka, i ka ikaika koa mea - ka loa pololei ala o ke e hoʻolālā ola, e pono no ka ohana. Mamo o ka kahiko aliʻi Polish-Lituania ohana Stankovichey, ana i loaaʻi i ka hao a me ka makemake ikaika ano. Hawaii hihia ua he kahiko ohana waha:ʻo kāna wahine Lubov i ke kaikamahine o kaʻoihana moku luna.

ʻana E e hoomau - keia ua hoomaopopoia Adimarala Stanyukovich. Konstantin, he mua kamalii hiki wawe ko a me ka poe ola,-witted keiki, lilo iho la i loko o kēia mau mea i ka papa kuhikuhiE manaolana o kona makua kāne. He i hoʻoponopono no ka loiloi mua ho okumu ana o ke keiki, a kau aku la ia ia me ka mentor, a aʻoʻia i pono ka hoʻonaʻauao aku i, i hele mai, mai Petersburg intelligentsia Ippolit Matveyevich Debu. He Ua a hoʻokuewa wale 'ia ka hana e like me ka maʻamau koa, e lawelawe loulou ma hope. Link ua i kekahi koho no ka make uku hoopai i loko o ka hihia Petrashevists (1949) - ka lokomaikai hoi o ka pōʻai o ka uʻi socialists alakaʻiʻia Michael Butashevich-Petrashevsky kahi ÷ ino Debu ma ka Mug ua F. M. Dostoevsky. Debu i hoopiha ai i kona umi-makahiki haumāna o kona'ano'ē wale, akā, luna o ia i ka ho'āʻoʻana no ka pono moʻokalaleo.

Mekala no ka Pale Kaua o Sevastopol

I ka makahiki 1853 ka hoʻomaka 'ana i ka War Crimean, a ua lilo ia i hōʻailona Rusia hoʻonui pili me ka naʻaupō kālai'āina o ka autocracy nohona pilikia o, stifled manaolana o ka holomua papa o na kanaka no nā mea hoʻololi, ua manaoia hiki ma hope o ka lanakila ma ka Kaua o ka 1812. A laila, e 'ai pono i kēia i loko o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni neʻeʻana o ka 1860, a e ole e pakele i ka keiki a me Stanyukovich. Konstantin E aloha aʻe me reformist manaʻo, akā, ma ka hope aku ia 11 makahiki, a oia kiaʻi hookokoke ana Sevastopol Anglo-Palani hao wale.

Iloko o ka hoomalu ana o ke kulanakauhale o Constantine me kona makua kāne a me ka pinepine lawelawe 'ana me ka courier hoʻopakele' inikua lako i ka ua kahikoia a nani noaioee, etc. It mea kā lākou mau maka e kiai ana i ka heroism a me ka pōʻino o Lūkini luina kulanakauhale haawi, ike aku no ia i ka mea kaʻao mau alakaʻi o ka pale - .. Adimarala Kornilov a me Istomin. I ka, ma hope o ka ke piʻoloke, mai ka hoʻopilikiaʻia kumu o ka Black Sea'auwaʻa i ka 1856, oia hoʻolālā i loko o ka St. Petersburg mau pūʻali Pages, oia loaʻa ma laila i ka mekala "I mea e hoomanao ana i ka hikina mai Kaua" a me "No ka hoomalu ana o Sevastopol." E like me ka noi ana i kona makua kāne, ka mea i moe ana o ka moku 'oihana, o kana keiki, i ka 1857 ua lilo i cadet Stanyukovich Hawaii mau pūʻali.

I ka pau ana o ka luna o ka 'oihana

Ma ke kakahiaka nui 1860sʻo ia i mua me ka kuko no ka hua'ōlelo hanaia'na iho mailoko o. I ka 1859, ua paʻi "North Flower" Magazine me kona mua puke - ". A hoʻomaha koa" ka poem A makahiki ma hope, ma waena o Konstantin a me ka makua kāne, mai hemo mai i ka oukou paio ana, a hoʻoili i ka coldness i loko o kā lākou mau pilina, a e pau ma hope o kekahi manawa o ka piha wanaao ae. Keiki announces i kana olelo hooholo, e hoolilo i ka sīwila kula - University o St. Petersburg, i ka i ikaika kaua kū'ē ana i Adimarala Stanyukovich. Konstantin e ke pio, e hele ana ma luna o ka hele ana a puni ka honua ma luna o ka corvette "Kalevala", ma ka i koke iho la oia e e uku ma ka manaʻo koʻikoʻi o kona makua kāne i loko o ka Akuma ka o 1860.

Old luina Kelemania e manaolana ma ka ikaika moana makani poo o kana keiki i hooakea ai a kekahi ukana, a e hoʻomau manuwa Stanyukovichʻana. Akā, Constantine ka komo i loko o ka ekolu-makahiki circumnavigation - pono ke ala e loaa hou ka ike a me ka hana no kona kākau hana. A ka mea, ua mua hoomaka iho: ma ka hanohano paiia o "malina Collection" publishes 'atikala a me ka pepa (essay) Stanyukovicha midshipman, a me ka hoʻokoe manawa oia tirelessly kākau i kona nā manaʻo o ka mea ana i ike ai, a lohe ai.

hoohuoi ia

I ka 1864, i ka midshipman Stanyukovich, ka uhaʻiʻana o kona makua kāneʻeleu kū'ē, hookuu aku la ia, mai ka Moana. E hoʻomaka ana i ka hou ola i ole maʻalahi. He hoʻomakaʻeleu alu like 'ana me nā paʻi puke - "Voice", "Petersburg lau", "Alarm", etc. ka "Sea ohi" paʻi i ka moʻolelo o Constantine Stanyukovicha "ino" .. Akā, koke e mare Lyubovi Nikolaevne Artseulovoy, laila, i ka hanau ana o kana kaikamahine mua, a ma mua o ka bipi kākau moʻolelo he mea he pilikia e pono ai ka mea kākoʻo mai o ka 'ohana. E hana i kēia mau manawa ia i komo i ka hana i loko o na oihana likeʻole.

Ma ka makakū kumumanao no Stanyukovicha huli mau no ka mika, a me ka papa kuhikuhiE theme like. Ia kona nā manaʻo o kaʻoihana moku hana, paʻi i ka puke ma ka 1867 i kapaia "Mai circumnavigation", Ua halawai me ka uku hoopanee, ia mea oi, a oi imbued me ka makemake e kākau ma ka lawelawe a me ka mau Halaman. He Kahalaopuna i ka oiaio o ka manaʻo e hōʻike aku i nā masterminds ho onui ana nui a me ka nui ikaika o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni neʻeʻana, o ka oi aku kona'ano'ē'ēheu - Populism. Kekahi manawa oia e hana me ke kumu i loko o ka kula haʻahaʻa o ke kulanakauhale ma ke kalana o Murom.

Lunahooponopono o ka Magazine "Delo"

Ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kai theme like mae i loko o ke kāʻei kua. Mai ka 1872 Stanyukovich helu kuhi puke i ka 'Imi hana i loko o ka "Business" Magazine, a me ka mai 1877 mai ma kela guestroom paʻi i kona mau' atikala a me satires. I waena o lākou, "palapala o ka haole aliʻi" a me "Images o ka lawelawe ola" e lawe kaulana Stanyukovich paakiki manaʻo kiʻiʻoniʻoni o Lūkini ola ma hope o nā nā mea hoʻololi o 1861. Like me, kumuhana hoolilo i na novels "Whirlpool" a me ka "Two Brothers", paʻiʻia ma ka kakahiaka 80s.

I ka 1880 Stanyukovich lilo ke kākoʻo '-luna hoʻoponopono o ka "hoopii", a ekolu makahiki ma hope - kona luna hoʻoponopono. He ua ka mea i kekahi kaumaha a me ka poe luna mawaena o ka poe kokua o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni nā mea hoʻololi, a me nā kūhelu Aupuni a me ka mana makai i ho'ākāka 'ia e like me ka "Anati-aupuni kanaka mindset".

Ke hopu a hoʻokuewa wale 'ia

I ke kakahiaka nui 80s ka mea kākau moʻolelo pinepine ae la oia e hele aʻe ana ma muli o ka maʻi kaikamahine hanau mua. Aia no oia me ia me ka pae o ka pili emigrants mai Rusia, a me ka loa'ano'ē eheu, a komo i ka People - ka pololei i komo a me organizers o ka poʻe hoʻoweliweli ho'āhewa wale e ku e koʻikoʻi tsarist luna aupuni - S. Kravchinskii, V. Zasulich.

Ua hiki ole i hele unnoticed ma ka makai, o ka oi aku ma hope o ka ho'āʻo kīmopō March 1, 1881 Alexander II o, a ma April 1884 i hopuia, a hoonoho iho la ma ka casemates o ka pā kaua Stanyukovich. Ua hiki i ka hoi ana mai o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, mai kahi'ē,ʻano'ēʻia, a me ka ohana no kekahi manawa i i ike i kona mau i kahi. Ua hoʻomaka ka lōʻihi ana, a pau wale ka makahiki hope.

lua o ka hanau

I ka 1885, ka mea kākau moʻolelo hoouna aku i Siberia no ka makahiki ekolu ma lalo o mākaʻi hoʻomakākiu, a noho i loko o Tomsk. ʻaneʻi, a ua he maoli hanau o ka nui kākau moʻolelo-Seascape. He hana paakiki, hana a me ka hana i nā wehewehena o Siberian ola, akā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE theme like o kona mau novels a me ka pōkole moʻolelo lilo ke ola o ka luina.

Aia nō i kona kaulana masterpieces mai o ka ohi ana o "Sea Bay" :. "! Man ke lele," "Ma ka pohaku", "E holo i pakele", etc. Readers a e holumua ai kiʻiʻoniʻoni e hoailona oukou ia Ana Aina, Stanyukovicha kupaianaha ole wale meaola Awaits uhane, pololei a me ka pono i loko o ka loa uuku māhele, akā, i humanistic, makemake no ka hoopono, nānā i ke kanaka, he pono.

" 'Aʻole wale nō i ia i haha aku la oia i noho meaola kai"

Ma hope o kona hoi mai ke pioʻana i ka 1888 Stanyukovicha manao kapikala hoihoi? Eaia, kena ae la ia e ka pihe uē ma ka pomaikai o kona "kai moʻolelo". Kona ohi olelo ikaika a me ka 'oihana luina, a me nā kākau moʻolelo. Mua e like me ka masterful 'ia o ka moana ola paakiki, he lua - i ka ike a me ka intelligible' ōlelo, kahaha ko oukou naau His o ka manaʻo e neʻe aku. Na moʻolelo e like me "Man moku!" "Ma waena hoa", "Make Hawk" listen'ōlelo., Ua kaulana no ka pololei o ke kanaka ano, ka truthfulness o ka hana i ho'ākāka 'ia ma ka ka manaʻo pohihihi o ke ola mau loa ana. Ka mea, ua maoli kanaka i mea ole me ka nui loa kalele iho ma luna o ke kumu a me ka hoʻonaʻauao.

Maikaʻi kou manaʻo e pili ana i ka moʻolelo Stanyukovicha i kau ma ka paʻi puke o okoa kālai'āina wale. "Maxim", "American Reuʻela,ʻo ia," "Pololei Lūkini kanaka" a ua maopopo nā hana ma ka Slavophiles, mahalo 'akomi i loko o ia haʻaheo i loko o ka kiʻekiʻe pono ka pono o Lūkini luina. Ka lokomaikai, a me ka ikaika recklessness o ko lākouʻuhane a pau, he pono aupuni kumu no ia. "Jack o Hearts", "Ma ka aina mamao", e like me na mea e ae, i pihaʻi me ke kiekie o ka uhane e i ao nui. Common i ka manao o ka hoʻonaʻauao a me ka hoʻonaʻauao waiwai Stanyukovicha Ana Aina.

Palapala Hoʻoilina a me ka paʻa

Ua piha nā makahiki hope o ka mea kākau moʻolelo o ka ola me ka hana, i ka mahalo no nā hoapili, heluhelu ke aloha, a me ka maʻi poho o ka wae. Konstantin Mihaylovich Stanyukovich, kona Kawaihae i koe pili loa ua hoʻopili i Rusia, mai ka mua a hiki i ka hope ka hanu, a make iho la ia ma Napela i ka 1903.

He ua i manaoia he ano akamai o Lūkini moʻokalaleo pae o Tolstoy, Dostoevsky a me Chekhov, akā,ʻaʻole komo iloko ma ke kai kūkulu makani a Stanyukovicha Ana Aina, Lūkini moʻokalaleo o ka XIX kenekulia makemake ua lilo nui o kona laula, a 'ano. A i loko o mākou manawa ia addicted mākua a me nā keiki, i nā moʻolelo a me nā kaʻao o ka nui meaola pena e e Film, a me keia la i kapa aku ai ia lakou i ke kai o ka wā e hiki mai seafarers.