Valery Chkalov: Kawaihae, ohana kiʻi

A hailona o nā alanui, a me nā kula 'ē aʻe ka hoʻonohonoho i kapaʻia ma hope o Chkalov. Wai i keia kanaka? Ma mua o ka mea pono e like me ka hoʻomanaʻoʻana o ia iho?

No ka poʻe ma ka liʻiliʻi loa he uuku kama'āina me ka mōʻaukala o ko lākou aupuni, Valery Chkalov - ua, mua o nā mea a pau, i ka luna o ka luina, ka mea e hoʻokele e lawe i ka pelane ka mua holo ana ma luna o ka North Pole, i pae. An hanana mai ai i loko o ka mamao 1937. Ka holo ana i holo mai Moscow (USSR) i Vancouver (United States).

kamaliʻi

Valery Chkalov Ua hānauʻia ma luna o 20.01.1904 i loko o kekahi kauhale i loko o ka Nizhny Novgorod māhele 'āina. I keia la, i ke kulanakauhale kahi i ka ke kahu moku, i hanau, o ke kulanakauhale o Chkalovsk. Kona makua kāne hana me ka boilermaker ma ka moku'āina-waiwai a pōʻeleʻele loa. About ka makuahine ike mea uuku, ua make iho la ia ia iʻeono makahiki.

I ka makahiki o ka ehiku, Valery hoomaka ae la e aʻo ma ke kula haʻahaʻa, ma hope o ka puka, hele aku i kekahi kula oaoieei-i kēia manawa, oia kekahi i kona inoa. Hoouna ae la oia ia ia, e noiʻi i kona makua kāne i ka 1916. Ma hope o nā makahiki o ke ao, ka mea, he e hoʻi ka hale, no ka mea kula i paa.

Mai ia manawa, Valery lilo i apprentice o kona makua kāne. He hana me ka hana ma ka forge, a ma hope - like me ka stoker ma luna o ka dredge. I ka Ia manawa 'Imi ulu hoʻokele, a o Laielohelohe i ke kanaka uʻi i kona mau kūpono.

Ka hoʻomaka 'o ka hana

I ka olelo hooholo no ka hoʻololi 'ana i hana Valeriy Chkalov i ma hope o 1919 i ike ai i ka pelane, no ka manawa mua. A hele aku la ia e lawelawe i loko o ka Red Army mokulele fitter. Kona mokulele'auwaʻa i ke aupuni 'Nizhny Novgorod.

Ke kanaka opiopio makemake e ulu hou, no laila, i ka 1921, ua i ke kauoha a me ka helu, e hoʻopaʻa haʻawina ma ke Kula o ka Air Max koa-ʻimi naʻauao kuhikuhi (Egorov). Ma hope o kona pukaʻana i ka 1922, hele akula i pailota i ka oihana kula (Sts). He pū i ka hana ma ke kula o aerobatics (Moscow), pana ke kula, a me ke ea hakakā (Serpukhov).

I ka makahiki 1924, i ka ke kahu moku, Valery Chkalov i hoʻokomo i ka squadron inoa Nesterov. He mea ai leʻaleʻa o ka lele ana, i ka loa pinepine hōʻike excessive wiwo ole a me ka ikaika. No ka excessive kamepiula ka mea, ua pinepine kaulia ana mai ka lele.

Eia hou, i ke kanaka opiopio i pilikia me ka hahau, a ma luna o ka honua. I ka makahiki 1925, i kona hoʻokahi makahiki hoopaaia ma ka oihana hookolokolo no ka ona he hoowahawaha loa. Hope i hoemiia ka manawa i eono mahina. Eia naʻe, i kēia ka hoao ana i ole haawi oluʻolu hopena, a ekolu makahiki ma hope, i ka 1928, he koa 'aha hoʻokolokolo hookahi hou ho'āhewa aku i ka ke kahu moku. I kēia manawa i loko o ka lewa foolhardiness, a puana kahi naha o ka hahau aku la ia i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i kekahi makahiki i loko o ka hale paʻahao. Nō hoʻi,ʻo ia i kī mai ka Red Army.

hoomaka koke Mahalo i kona tālena no ka mea, e pili Alksnis a me Voroshilov, ka mea e hoʻokele i ka mahina, e puku i ka olelo i loko o ka conditional. I ka ke kahu moku, lilo i kumu aʻo a me ka poo o ke kula glider

hōʻike ke kahu moku

By November 1930, ua hoihoi hou ia Valery Chkalov i ka hoouka i ke kaua, i hoouna mai la ia i ka Air Max NNI ma Moscow. Ma hope o nā makahiki,ʻo ia e hoʻokele i ka e oi aku mamua o ewalu haneri ho'āʻo de, e ka Haku i keʻano hana o piloting kanakolu ke ano o ka mokulele.

Mai ka makahiki 1933, Valeriya Chkalova ola hoʻololi hou - la oia i hoolilo i ka ho'āʻo pailota i loko o ka mokulele hola ma Moscow. Eia ka mea, ua hoano e kekahiʻano o ka ikaika a me Bombers. He i haʻalele, a me ka foolhardiness ea, ua E ke Kumu o ka huahelu e ala ana corkscrew a me ka lohi pahu.

I ka makahiki 1935ʻo ia i i hookoia i ka Papa o Lenin, pu me ke akamai Nikolai Polikarpov no ka hanaia'na o ka maikaʻi ikaika. Ka mea, ua i ka lani kiekie loa aupuni ia nā kumu kāki.

Holo ana mai Moscow a hiki i ka Hōʻole akula Hikina

Ka holo ana i manao e hōʻike i nā nā papaha o ka ulu maunakea. Chkalov Valeriy Pavlovich, alakai i kona luina hoʻomaka 07.20.1936. Ka holo ana kanalima-ʻeono hola nonstop, a ka mea, ua ma luna o ka mokupuni Udd (Sea o Okhotsk). Iloko o keia manawa, ka mea, ua lanakila lāua ma luna nui ma mua o eiwa tausani kilomika. Aia ma ka mokupuni, ma ka moku o ka mokulele hahau i ka palapala "Stalin ka ala." Ia e hoʻomau a hiki i ka kekahi lele, i loa eia aʻe Chkalov,ʻo ia, mai ka Soviet Union i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia ma nā North Pole.

No ka holomua holo i i hookoia ai ka moku i ka inoa Hero o ka Soviet Union, a me ka Papa Naita o Lenin. Chkalov Valeriy Pavlovich Ua hooku iho la ia me he kula mokulele hēkī, a i hookoeia mai ai a hiki i kēia lā, a ua waiho ia ma Chkalovsk ka Museum.

Ka nui o keia holo ana i kahiāuli e ka mea i Stalin i kino halawai i ka luina ma Shchelkovo Airfield i loko o August 1936. Ma hope iho o ia Valery Pavlovich loaa nationwide iaia ma ka Union.

I ka holo ana mai o ka Soviet Union i loko o ka US

Ka luina mua makemake e e i ka holo ana mai o ka USSR a hiki i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia ma nā North Pole, akā, e hele ae e hana ai iʻaʻole koke'ē aʻe. Stalin i i makemake i ka repetition o ka hoʻokō 'ole' ana i loaʻa Levanevskogo ke kauwela o ka makahiki 1935. Akā, ma hope o ka holomua huakaʻi i ka Hōʻole akula East ae ua aeia.

Ke pelane hoʻomaka 06.18.1937, a me nā lā ma hope pae ma Vancouver (USA). Nā kūlana no ka holo ana, ua nui loa aku o pilikia ma mua o mua mai. Kēia ka ukuia i ka ilihuneʻike pono, a, aole i kona wa e kaawale aku, a me ka icing. Crew i lanakila ai, a ewalu me ka hapa tausani kilomika, a ua hookoia i ka Papa Hanohano o Red Banner.

Valery Chkalov, e hōʻike mai iā ia kiʻi i loko o ka 'atikala, au ua hiki ke lawe mai i ko lakou mau mea kuka. I loko nō o ka nui, e hoike ana oia i koho, a me Stalin kaumaha aku la ia ia i ke kia o ka NKVD,ʻo ia i hooki i komo ma ka holo e ho'āʻo ai, e noonoo pono i ka mea, i ko lakou papa hana.

make

I ka hooilo 1938, Valery Chkalov, kona Kawaihae ua noʻonoʻo i loko o ka hōʻike, i urgently kapaʻia hoʻi mai ka mai ma ka pili ana i ka hoao ana o ka hou kinai. Mau pule ma hope, i ka ke kahu moku, i pepehi (12.15.1938) i ka manawa o ka lele mua.

E like me na ike, i hoʻomākaukauʻia no ka holo ana i loko o ka wikiwiki, no ka mea, ka mea makemake i ka i manawa e hana nā mea a pau ma mua o ka pauʻana o ka makahiki. I ka akoakoa, ka pelane i loaʻa, kokoke elua haneri mā. Polikarpov ua ku e kāna hana wikiwiki. No keia mea, ua kau mai ka hana. Ua lawe ho'āʻo mai ma luna o ka honua mua, alaila, me ka pae kapa. Ua Ua hope haawiia hele-mua e hana i ka holo, akā, wale mai i ka kiekie o ehiku tausani mika me ka pae kapa retracted. Ma hope iho o ia, ma lalo o ho'āʻo kaʻa i manao e hele i ka mea'ē aʻe ke kahu moku.

Ma ka lā o ka hoao ana i ka mahana ua hua he iwakalua-kumamalima kekelē Kelekia ma, akā, ua hoʻoholo ihola i lele Chkalov. I ka pae o ka engine hoʻi i kāpiliʻia. I ka ke kahu moku, ho'āʻo e noho mai, akā, i ka pelane loaa ma ka uea ma luna o ka laau. Ke kumu o ka make i eha ma muli o ia hitting i kona poʻo ma luna o ka mea hiki ke hooheheeia armature. Mahope ke kahu moku, noho iho la i oi aku, elua no hora. He make ma ke ala a hiki i ka haukapila. I keia manawa i kana wahine, i lawe lākou kolu o ke keiki naau. Ua hai mai ka hana 'wale i loko o ka hopena o ke ahiahi.

Chkalov Ua kanuʻiaʻo ia i loko o Moscow, ua kauʻia i ka ipu i loko o ka Kremlin paia. Kekahi hola man- akia ka poe i komo i loko o ka wikiwiki e hookolokolo, i ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka loa o ka hale paʻahao hua'ōlelo.

Family a me na keiki

Me kana wahine, Valery Chkalov, kona Kawaihae - he kumuhana o ko mākou ka loiloi 'ia, hui i loko o kona mau makahiki kaikaina. I ka makahiki 1927, mare lakou a koke loaa i ke keiki mua. Olga ua Erazmovna Nee Walnut, hana me ke kumu.

Valeriya Chkalova ka wahine a ola ia ia ma ke kanalima-eiwa makahiki. Ua Ua palapala i ka helu ana o na hana a me Memories o kana kane. Olga ola Erazmovna He kanaiwa nā makahiki oʻAberama, mare i ole e hele mai.

I ka mare ana, ka mea, heʻekolu keiki:

• Igor (1928-2006).
• Valery (1935-2013).
• Olga (1939).

Ke keiki a ke kahu moku,

Igor i i ho'āʻo ke kahu moku makuakane. Akā, i pili i kona ola ana me ka mokulele - ka mea, ua i lunaʻenehana Air Max. He hoopihaia mai no hoi i ka waihona o ka iau hoʻolaʻa ai i kona makua kāne i loko o Chkalovsk. He nui ua hoihoi i loko o ka hālāwai ninaninau, pehea i make ai Valery Chkalov. Kēia keiki pane i kona makua kāne i hele ai ma muli o ia ka mea i ka mea, i he nui hopena ma Stalin. Kanu iho la ke keiki a kekahi aviator kaulana i loko o ka Novodevichy ilina.

Ke kaikamahine o ka make o kona makua kāne

Keiki Valery Pavlovich ua aneane umi makahiki o Manase i ka pōʻino ana. He hoomanao i kona makua kāne ma luna kino Memories, a hiki loa i lele ai me ia, ma luna o ka pelane. Kaikamāhine i ole ia Memories. Valeria ua wale ekolu makahiki, a me Olga i hanau make kona makua kāne wale nō ma hope.

Ma kēia hihia, na keiki a pau Valeriya Chkalova i mālama i ka hoomanao ana o ka ia. About o ka make ana o kona makua kāne i loko o nā nīnauele kaikamahine Olga hahai ma hope o ka mana i nā mea a pau i hiki mai ai no ka mea, o ka mea ia i hoounaia'ku ai, a holo "pulu" mokulele. Valeria ua hahai ma hope o ka mana e wehe 'ia i kona makua kāne, me ka noonoo i hoʻonohonoho ai i ho'āʻo ai i hemahema mokulele.

I ka 1938 ua i ka piko o ka repression, a me ka maunakea, no laila,ʻaʻohe mea kupanaha na kaikuahine mai e ike i kā lākou makua kāne ke pahu i ka ike mea pepehi nuʻukia.

Ka paʻa o ka meʻe

Valery Chkalov (makahiki o ke ola - 1904-1938) i kekahi o na kanaka kaulana o ka Soviet Union. Ma o kona hanohano, i kapaʻia ka Metro koa, ka pioneering hoʻolālā, koa squadron. Kona inoa i ka inoa o kekahi o na mokupuni ma ka moana wai o Okhotsk, a pae i ka moku i ka mahuka, mai Moscow a hiki i ka Hōʻole akula Hikina, e like me ka lani kino i loko o mākou'ōnaehana (helu 2692).

Ua ua kapaia ma hope o ke kulanakaukale, i kahi āna i hānauʻia ai. I ia manawa ka mea, ua i ke kauhale o Vasilevo. Kona inoa, ua nui localities ma Rusia, Ukraine, Tajikistan. Ma kekahi mau kulanakauhale ke aupuni 'busts a me plaques, like hoʻi me mau kaiāulu, Avenue, na alanui a me na kula o ka inoa ma hope ona. I ka manawa, e puka mai A hehi ihola au, malihini hoʻolaʻa 'ia Chkalov.

Ua hoʻokuʻuʻia i loko o kekahi makahiki, he biopic e pili ana i ke ola o ke kahu moku. Ka loa holomua nō i ka hopena ua "Chkalov" (2012) a me "na kanaka, ka poe i ka honua a pau" (2014).

Valery wale kanakolu-eha makahiki i noho ai. I loko o keia manawa, ua puka 'o ia mai kekahi mau mahuka kula, i hana mau loa paakiki holo ana ma ka North Pole, Ua oi palua ka'ōlelo hoʻopaʻi i ka halepaahao, kekahi mau manawa ke hoʻokoe' ia mai ka poʻe kaua o ka Red Army, ukali ma ka ho'ēmiʻana. He a me kana wahine, he mau keiki ekolu, ka poe i mālama i ka hoomanao ana o kona makua kāne. Wahine, ka wahine kāne make i noho ai no ka oi ma mua o ke kanalima makahiki, a ua i ho'āpono mare hou, e malama ana i ka hoomanao ana o kana kane.

No ka nui loa, ka mea, ua a koe he meʻe o kona manawa. Kēia paipai kanaka-ākea, a pau kona mau talena, a unwillingness e noho me ka maluhia, e like kela mea keia mea e ae. Kona ola ua pōkole, akā, pili, a me ka make - lono kaumaha.