I ka moolelo o Saratov a me Saratov māhele: chronology o poʻokela hanana

Ua Ua lōʻihi ua ku ana ma ke Volga nani kulanakauhale kahiko o Saratov. Mea, ua hookumuia ia ma 1590 me ka pā kaua kiai ana i ka hema-hikina mokuna o Rusia, a mai laila aku ma mua o eha kenekulia o ka nohoʻaneʻi kanaka o na nationalities, ka Lūkini. Ua piha ka hana keaka hanana i ka moolelo o Saratov, ia mea inseparable, mai nā moʻolelo o ko mākou moku'āina, a no ia mea, i loa hana hoihoi. Ke kūlanakauhale i ka piko o ka aina nui a me ka hale a hiki i ka helu o ke poʻokela, loea kanaka e malama aku i kona aupuni, a hoike aku ia lakou iho i loko o kekahi kula.

Mau inoa i loko o Saratov

Mōʻaukala i ole a pau i nā kūʻiʻo pili i kēia wahi, akā, i kekahi mea nō IKE OLE IA.

Ma ka Middle Volga māhele 'āina kanaka i noho i ka lōʻihi manawa kahiko. Waimanalo wahi lilelile, waiwai i loko o na holoholona hihiu a me ka iʻa, momona ka aina, nahele a me nā kumu waiwai i alakaiia mai na koa o ke Gula iā Goga, e lele i ka na kamaaina, kahiko Sarmatians, ka mea i noho 'aneʻi, mai ka V kenekulia BC a kūkulu i ke kulanakauhale Uvek, a lilo iho la ia i ke kolu o ka nui loa hooponopono i loko o nā mea a pau o ka Mongol-Tatar waiwai. Kēia i hiki mai ai, e like me ka moʻolelo nā mea mahuʻi, mai VI hiki i VII kenekulia AD Mākou ke kuhi ana ia mea, mai keia manawa hoʻomaka i ka mōʻaukala o ka muli o Saratov, like ma luna o ka mokuna o ka Russian Hui o nā 'āina iwaena konu,ʻo ia i loko o ka Zavodskoy apana a me ke aupuni' Uvek. ʻO kēia inoa i nui hope, i ka wa a ka Lūkini hana kūlana kanaka hoalaala ia mai ma luna o Sokolova mauna e dominates ka puni, i ka hale kākela, i kapaʻia ka ui iʻa kulanakauhale. He ma ka mea i kahiko ma nā puke maʻamau, o ko mākou'āina, i loko o Rusia 400 makahiki -ʻaʻole makahiki. Nolaila, i mai la i kapaia Yellow ke kiekie o ka Tartars. Ke Turkic ōlelo Ua hoailona iho e like "Sary Tau" (Yellow Mountain) ka inoa.

I ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka "nā mea o ka Volga" ekolu (Tsaritsyn, Samara a me Saratov) lilo HSH Prince hele Zasekin.

hoʻi aupuni

Ke pā Ua kūkuluʻia ma luna o ke kapa hema o ka canopy. Ua ua i ike i hiki i ka 1813, akā, e puhi ia. Malia paha e hanaʻia i loko o ka regular popilikia, a no ka mea, o kekahi kanaka ka palaleha 'i ke ahi. Laau kūlanakauhale i loko o ia mau manawa, waiho wale mai o ke ahi pinepine. Undeterred ma keia mea, ua hoʻoneʻe kūlanakauhale e noho ana a hiki i kekahi pali kapa o ka nui Lūkini muliwai, i ka pomaikai o ka hoʻokuʻi pū i hele ana i kekahi wai p ÷ ino (kahawai o Saratovka) e pono ai ka holomua i loko o ia hihia ke pale.

A e hoomalu aku i kēia mau wahi, mai enemi-nomads kāki. Fish He mau vodilas hanohano, sturgeon, sturgeon, beluga, sturgeon,ʻaʻole e hōʻike i kaʻike mau pike a me ka catfish. Ua i loko o ka noho alii ana o Petero au ma laila i kekahi kapa o na mea kaua. Ua sterlet ekolu palapala, Ua pili kekahiʻano o ka hoku i ka hōʻailona o keia a hiki i ke kokoke noho. I ka moolelo o Saratov governorship oaio welau i ka 1782, ka wā i lilo ai i ke kulanakauhale o ka moku'āina waena. He nō i koe i ka'āina a pau, a me ka lōʻihi me ka noho malie, e like me ka mea e hoikeike ma ka laina mai ka poem "Auwe mai Me", kākau i loko o 1824 LIKE Griboyedov. "Ma ka wao nahele, ma Saratov ..."

Turmoil a me ka haunaele

City Life, nae, ua hiki ole i ka inoa waiʻona. Popilikia, ka hakaka, mahalo uprisings a me ka kaua e kakaʻa ana mau manawa ma keia honua. I ka 1604, ua kūpikipiki'ō kuko e pili ana i Ilya o Murom, ka mea i koi ia e Peter Fedorovich, ke keiki a ke alii. Stepan Razin kua'āina kaua noho ana i ke kulanakauhale i ka 1670, a me kona alakaʻi i waiho ai i loko o ka mea, o kona ke keʻena luna, Cossack District. A hiki ma hope o 37 makahiki mōʻaukala o Saratov hoʻolakoʻia me kekahi hana keaka Episode, i ka pua ana o ka poʻe hao wale Kondrat Bulavin. Palua kipa 'aneʻi ka mua Russian Emperor Peter ka Great (1695, 1722), a kauoha aku, e hoʻonui i ka wahi e ku e nui i noho. Mākou i hele i ke kūlanakauhale, a me nā hanana pili i ka inoa o kekahi kanaka hoʻopunipuni hou Emelyana Pugacheva. Here la oia i hopu ma hope o ka haunaele suppression.

Hanalima kūpono 'ana o ka Saratov aina o ka XIX kenekulia

Hanalima? Acaeoey mea hoʻonui i ua ale iho i ka Russian aupuni a pau i loko o ka XIX kenekulia, i alakaʻi ai i ka kokololio ulu o? Iecaianoaaiiuo, a kuai nona iho o ka Volga māhele. Akā, ma mua o ka nui a me ka loa, olelo pomaikai oia mau mea a oicyenoaaiiie aayoaeuiinoe i ua hōʻike 'lihi nā mea hoʻopukapuka kālā. Kūkulu nā hale hana, mahuahua ma ka lele pūʻana a me ka pale a akamai a me nā mea hana o ka home. Ma ka noho ana a hiki i kapaia o Saratov alanui. Mōʻaukala ua malamaia ia mau mea no ka mamo Kuznetsk, Myasnitskaya, Paakai, Shelkovichnaya Tulupnaya, nā pōhaku lepo elua Kostrizhnye (Big a Small) (ma lalo o ka inoa olonā, a me ka hemp? Iecaianoaaiiuo neoneo). Ma ka waena o ka hope kenekulia ua 'oni iki ka pono ma amau o? Acaeoey o ka māhele' āina i loko o ke ala e hiki aku o hanalima? Iecaianoaaiiuo a me ka aaioee. He umikumamalima haneri o nā mea wili i hoʻolimalima i loko o ka mokuna kulanakauhale (Khvalynsk, Volsk) a me na kauhale. Local maka kumuhana (kiʻekiʻe-kbps pālolo) paipai i nā nā mea hoʻopukapuka kālā e kūkulu, a hoʻomohala nā hale hana ka hana pōhaku lepo a me ka Pottery. 'Ana i kūpono hoʻohana' ia ma ka hana, koi aeuiiai ieaia? Malama a me ka hana.

A kūikawā hua'ōlelo a mahalo hewaʻiʻo ka nui Lūkini reformer PA Stolypin, ka mea i mālama ai i kiaaina iʻaneʻi, a noho iho la ma ke alanui Volskaya.

Saratov kālepa

ʻIliahi - paʻa mau hoa o ka hana a me ka kuai. Volga kālepa i loko o Rusia i kuhi kūikawā kanaka i manaʻo kaulana, no laila, mau malama i ka olelo. Akā, ma kekahi hihia, a laila, i loko o ka XIX kenekulia, ka mea makemake hōʻoia o nā kānaka kūkulu, ka oi aku ma ka hopena o ka nui aelike me ka malihini hoa. Here, kekahi o ka mua ai Buro o Rusia i hoʻonohonoho. Saratov lilo i nui hoʻoholo oaio ma ka Volga,? Iaeoe? Ke kolu a me ka ha o ka wahi i loko o ke aupuni a me ka hua'ōlelo o ka huli.

Nā poʻe kālepa o ia mau makahiki ma kēia ole wale e pili ana i ka Barysh, a imi iho la e haalele iho i ka hoʻomanaʻoʻana maikai. Mahalo i Kau waihona Azarov, Zlobin, POZDEEV a me na mea he nui 'ē aʻe ano nui palena waiwai ma ka moʻomeheu kulanui (keaka, no papa, B & B). Kukulu ana i na luakini, Ho 'Oponopono, gymnasiums, Hale Hōʻikeʻike o Kamehameha a me ka nui' ē hui i ka mea pono i ka kaiāulu. Ua nui na poe kalepa hooia ana i ka Old poe manaoio, a uaʻikeʻia i loko o ka Volga'āina ma ke kauoha o Ana i ka Nui. he mea hiki, e imi i kekahi mau 'ōlelo a me nā adherents o nā' aoʻao hoʻomana e noho ana i loko o ka'āina, a lawe nui pomaikai a hiki i ka'āina.

Soviet mana

Ka hoʻokahuli aupuni hanana a me ka hookuku kaua fratricidal kaua seriously loli i ka waiwai, a me ka-yeiiiie? O ka Volga māhele. Ka poino ua ai nui i wale i ka makahiki 1927, i ka wahi i hiki ke hele aku ma luna o kekahi o na nā hoailona i ke kaena ana o ka mea kahiko aliʻi'āina a pau. Hoʻokumu i kēia hou aneiai kulekele hai ma ka Bolshevik alakaʻi. Collectivization fundamentally hoʻololi i ka 'ole o ke kulanakauhale, wāwahi i ka kūʻonoʻono ala o ke ola, kūpono i ka mahiʻai? Iecaianoaaiiuo hele aku la i loko o hoole mai oia. Ma o ka'āina, he pinepine hihia o ke kua'āina unrest, i kaheaia ma ka make ana o ka ai poe a me physical luku-collectivizers activists. Mauʻo Libena Ua uhi pū i hoohana.

Kanakolu a me forties ona

Ma ke kanakolu ana hanalima nona iho hale, o ka puu o hanalima? Iecaianoaaiiuo lilo i Hoʻohaku ololi i loko o ka ulu ana wahi.

I ka moolelo o ke kulanakauhale o Saratov i loko o nā makahiki kaua i hoʻohalahala hoike mai i ka, alahula Loaʻaʻia o ka nunui-lāhui māhele 'āina. Ma ka wahi i ua evacuated-i? Iecaianoaaiiuo, mua paʻa i loko o nā panalāʻau e noho a pau a hiki i ke oo? O? Aiaiiuie ana. O nā Nails, mīkini-hale a me nā hana. Saratovchane bravely kaua ma luna o nā fronts. No ka laʻana, i ka helu ana o na kanaka o kekahi o wale heʻuʻuku wahi o ka Apana oaio, i ke kulanakauhale o Volsk i hookoia ka inoa Hero o ka Soviet Union iloko o ke kaua a hiki i ke kanalima.

Saratov kēia kanaka Kelemānia

Kelemānia noho mai ka XVII kenekuliaʻoluʻolu noho i loko o kēia māhele 'āina momona. I ka moolelo o Saratov'āina a pau, a malama mai no mākou i nā inoa o nā haneri o ka noho ana i ka German kani (Rosenberg, Unterdorf, Rosenberg, Balzer, etc.) noho ua hoola mai ai i ko lakou aupuni paha, ka ', ka Lutheran hoomana,' ōlelo a me ka moʻomeheu, pela e lilo ai ka Lūkini kanaka a me Patriots. Neman a me kā lākou mau makana i ka papa hana o ka māhele 'āina.

Kelemānia inoa hoomaka ae la e nalo ma ka palapala i ka 1915, i ke kaua Kelemānia. Volga colonists i ke hoihoi hou ia ma hope o ka FebruaryʻOiʻenehana. Ma hope o ka Bolsheviks hele mai la i ka mana, hoʻowahāwahā lākou ambivalence e pili ana i loli, i hanaʻia i ka Volga Kelemānia hana nona iho Soviet Socialist Repubalika (ASSRNP), oia hoi o ka 22 Canton (iauae ieiuaae o ka 25 tausani sq. M. kilomika,ʻehā kūlanakauhale, kokoke 550 kauhale, a me ko laila mau wahi, i ka heluna kanaka oi aku 500 tausani. o nā.). I ka 1941 ka mea i hoopau ia, a ua kipaku ka German heluna kanaka,ʻano nui i loko o ka North aneea oneiaey, a Hawaiian Siberia. Ke hoʻomalu hoʻonaʻauao nalowale e hoohalike ai elua i koena inoa o nā kūlanakauhale Engels (Pokrovsk, e ku pono ana Saratov, ka Volga) a me Marx (Marksshtadt).

I ka papa kuhikuhiE waiwai nui ana o kanaka

I kēia lā Saratov aina - kekahi o nāʻano nui wahi o ka Russian Hui, i ka nui hanalima, nohona kanaka, a me kaʻepekema hoʻonaʻauao-oaio? A me ka ulu mahiʻai kaiaulu o ka hoʻokele waiwai. Ua produces ka mea kaulana mokulele "Yak", i ka honua i ka maikaʻi i ka lepo pipili, hana kiʻekiʻe-ʻenehana pale kauoha, kūkulu i kekahiʻano o machines no ka hui maluhia 'ana hana, produces ai huahana a mea' ē aʻe. Akā, i ka papa kuhikuhiE waiwai o keia maikai māhele 'āina, a ua lilo ia i ka naau o Rusia, ia mea nō kupanaha kanaka, loea a me ka paakiki-hana. I ka mea kākau i ka mōʻaukala o Saratov, Balashov, Volsk, Balakovo, a pau na kulanakauhale e ae, kauhale a me nā kūlanakauhale o kēia mea māhele 'āina.

Ke kino helu o ke kaulana Saratov kamaaina e nui loa aku ia manawa a me ka lewa lawe. I waena o kēia mau moʻolelo Leo Kassil, Alexander Yakovlev, i ka haku mele Kuzma Petrov-Vodkin, PV Kuznetsov (ka mea i kakau iho i ka kaulana "Kalinka"), i ke ao nei ka mua cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin, na pailota-meʻe Viktor Talalikhin a me Yakov Shishkin , Mea hana i o Kao lele lako kaua Academician PD Grushin, nā mea hana keaka Oleg Tabakov, Oleg Yankovsky a me Gleb, haku mele a me ka fabulist Krylov, a he nui na mea e ae. I ka moolelo o Saratov ua pili i na inoa o ka mokulele DC Antonov, ka mea kākau moʻolelo Mikhail Bulgakov, ka artist Vrubel, Yuri Bykov (i ka mea nāna i hana o ka makahiki kamailio ana o ka nenoai), akā,ʻaʻole a pau i helu 'ia.

A loea kanaka he nui hiki hanau, a hooku wale ka hana lihi.