Nadezhda Teffi Kawaihae a me kaʻike hoʻokumu. Pōkole Kawaihae o Nadezhda Alexandrovna Lokhvitskaya

Pokole o Russian moʻokalaleo pinepine i hana kekahi kanaka papa maʻamau. Mākou hiki ole hoʻike i ka mea loa hewa keia ike. Akā, hoike aku la lakou i ka mea uaʻaʻole maopopo hoʻohana. He nui nui nā inoa a me nā hanana i noho ma waho o ka papa kula. No ka laʻana, he maʻamau schoolboy, a hiki ae i ka hoailona o ka hoike maikaʻi o ka moʻokalaleo, pinepine loa i ike ole, i keia Teffi Nadezhda Aleksandrovna. Akā, pinepine, mau no laila,-kapa lua-laina inoa pono mākou nānā '.

A nana aku, mai ka 'ē aʻeʻaoʻao

No ka versatile a ua huali tālena Nadezhda Alexandrovna Taffy me ka uku hoopanee, e komo i ka poe a pau e mālama ana i ka paʻa 'au i loko o Lūkini mōʻaukala, ma a iholaʻo ia i ka manawa kūpono e ola a me ka hana. Apuepue i ka mea kākau moʻolelo hiki e wahi ana i ka palapala, ai 'hoku o ka nui mua, akā, i ke kiʻi o ke au hou me ia mea kāpili. A pakahi aku la ia hana hoihoi nānā i Lūkini moʻomeheu a me ka mōʻaukala no mākou ma ka poe ma ka kekahiʻaoʻao o kona mōʻaukala hewa. A ma waho mai o Rusia, ma ka figurative olelo, e huli mai ia ia i ka uhane'āinapuniʻole o Lūkini ke kaiāulu kanaka, a me ka Lūkini moʻomeheu. Nadezhda Teffi, Kawaihae i i Wāwahi i loko o nā halves, e kokua mai no ka maopopo pono i ka Lūkini kanaka i mea ole consciously maliu mai i ke kipi, a he mea e ku i mau hoa paio. Ka mea, he maikaʻi kumu no keia.

Nadezhda Teffi: Kawaihae ma ke kāʻei kua o ka au

Palapala, ai 'Debut Nadezhda Alexandrovna Lokhvitskaya i wahi i loko o ke kakahiaka nui iwakalua o ke kenekulia, poetic pōkole ka lehulehu ākea ma ke poʻo periodicals. Holo nōhie, ka mea, ua ka satirical poem a me satires ma pihoihoi iho la ia pōʻai nīnūnē. Mahalo iā ia, Nadezhda Teffi loaa koke hiʻona a lilo kaulana i loko o ke poo, elua o ka Russian aupuni a pau. Kēia wā'ōpiopio-i loaʻa i loko o ka palapala, ai kaulana ua surprisingly hale lio. ʻAʻohe mea hiki ke olonā wāwae o ka lehulehu hoihoi i loko o ka hana o Taffy. Kawaihae e loaʻa i loko ona iho i ke kaua, i ke kipi, a me nā makahiki o ka emigration. Ka palapala, ai ka mana o ka haku mele a me ka mea kākau koe undisputed.

makakū inoa kapakapa

Ua hewaʻiʻo kūikawā noonoo ana i ke kahe o ana Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Lohvitskaya lilo Hope Taffy. Ae o ka inoa kapakapa no ia i ka pono ana, no ka mea ma lalo o ka maoli inoa paʻi ua pilikia. Kaikuahine Hope, Mirra Lokhvitskaya hoomaka ae la i kona mau palapala, ai '' oihana nui mua, a me kona inoa i mua e ike. Nadezhda Teffi iho, kona Kawaihae ua hoʻomano replicated kekahi mau manawa ma ka memo a e pili ana i kona ola i loko o Rusia Shoes ia me he Alia ka inoa o ke aikane koho i ka mea naaupo, i ka mea a kela kanaka keia kanaka i kapaia o "Steffi". Kekahi palapala i ia e oki ai i ke kanaka i ole i kāna hana kumu no ka haʻaheo.

Poem a Humorous moʻolelo

Ka mua ka mea e hele mai i ka manao e halawai ana me ka makakū'āina hoʻoili o ka haku mele i ka wa, o ka hopuna'ōlelo kaulana Antona Pavlovicha Chehova - "brevity -, ke kaikuwahine o ka talena" Kakahiaka hana Taffy halawai me ia oo. Poetry a satires paʻa mea kākau o ka kaulana Magazine "Satyricon" he mau unexpected, olinolino a me ka loea. Ka lehulehu ua mau manaoia e hoomau, a me ka mea kākau i i loaa ole ia na kanaka. He loa paʻakikī, e imi i kekahi o ka mea kākau moʻolelo, heluhelu a me kânaka poe e noho ana kekahi mau kanaka no ka nui loa me ka Emperor Rotehama II a me Autocrat o ko ke ao nei proletariat alakaʻi Vladimir Lenin Ilyich. He hiki ia Nadezhda Teffi makemake, a no laila, koe ma ka hoomanao ana o ka wā e hiki mai mea kākau o ka malamalama fiction puke kātuna, ināʻaʻole i ka puahiohio o ka hoʻokahuli aupuni hanana, e uhi i ka aina.

kipi

Ka hoʻomaka o kēia mau hanana, ua loli ma'ō aku ma nā wahi i loko o kekahi mau makahiki, Rusia, oe ke makaala i nā moʻolelo a me nā pepa (essay) o ka mea kākau moʻolelo. Ka manao, e haʻalele i ke aupuni iʻikeʻia i loko o kekahi minute. I ka pau ana o ka 1918, Taffy, pu me ka mea kākau moʻolelo Arkady Averchenko a hiki holoholo mākou i ka'āina, i loko o ke ahi ahi wela o kivila kaua. Iloko o ka huakaʻi,? Oaony i ka noho hoolohe mai. Akā, i ka pālākiō o ka wehewehe ana hanana Ua maopopo underestimated. Ka huakaʻi hele ana ma kahi o kekahi, a me ka hapalua makahiki, a lilo iho la ia i kela mea keia mea, i koʻu hele lā increasingly maopopo i huli hoʻi mea ole hou. Russian aina ua hoʻomaka koke hooho ae ma lalo o kona mau wawae. Imua ua wale no ka Black Sea, a me ka ala ma Constantinople i Paris. A ka mea, ua akoakoa pu mai no me ka emi White Army Nadezhda Teffi. Kawaihae o ia i loko o ka wā e hiki mai hoʻomau i ka i aku i.

emigration

Ke ola ana mamao mai kona home no ka uuku kekahi ua poe noonoo ole a me ka hassle-noa. Naʻe, i ka nohona a me ka palapala, ai 'ke ola i loko o ke ao nei o Lūkini emigration ua i piha kowali. Ma Paris a Pelelina mai periodicals a me nā puke paʻiʻia ma Russian. He nui nā moʻolelo i piha nona iho hiki ke ulu wale ma ka emigration. Ua lilo ka hoao ana i ka nohona a me ka pili aupuni turmoil loa he kumu hoʻopaipai no kaʻike hoʻokumu a me ka hoʻoikaika kaawale ana mai o ka'āina i lilo i kekahi mau kumuhana o emigrant hana. Ua mea,ʻaʻole he koe a me kaʻike hoʻokumu Hope Taffy. Memories o ka lilo Lūkini a me ka palapala, ai 'kiʻi o Lūkini emigration no na makahiki, e lilo i ka Hoʻohaku Halaman o kona mau buke, a me nā' atikala ma periodicals.

'Ike, e hiki i kapa aku ai i ka mōʻaukala mea i nā moʻolelo Hope Taffy i ka 1920 i paʻiʻia ma Soviet Rusia ma ka Initiative o Lenin. Ma kēia mau memo, ua pane loa negatively e pili ana i nāʻano o nā meaʻeʻe moku kekahi. Eia naʻe, i pio i ka Bolsheviks e kanu i ke kaulana haku mele, hookahi kama'āina a me kona manao ma luna o lākou.

ka palapala, ai kiʻi

Notes Hoolaa i nā kiʻi likeʻole o Lūkini kālai'āina, moʻomeheu a me ka moʻokalaleo, makemake e noho ma ka hale, a loaʻa lākou iā lākou iho ma ka behest o ka mōʻaukala ole ke 'alo kona palena, i ka oioi o kaʻike hoʻokumu Hope Taffy. Memories o keia ano mau,ʻo noonoo. Memoirs o kaulana kanaka e wale make i ka pomaikai. A Nadezhda Teffi, he pōkole Kawaihae i ua conventionally i nā'āpanaʻelua - ola i loko o ka'āina, a ma ka'āina'ē, i kino ike me ka ai he nui koʻikoʻi ma na kii. I mai la ua ana e hai aku ia i nā mamo a me ka wā. Kiʻi o kēia mau huahelu ia mea no ka hana hoihoi '- ka pilikino e pili ana o ka mea kākau o ka memo a hiki i ka depicted kanaka.

Pages memoirs Ana Aina, Taffy haawi mai i ka manawa e hālāwai ai me ka mōʻaukala na kii me Grigory Rasputin, Vladimir Lenin, Alexander Kerensky. Me ka poʻokela moʻolelo, a 'o Puʻohala - Ivanom Buninym, Aleksandrom Kuprinym, Iloy Repinym, Leonid Andreev, Dmitry Merezhkovsky, Zinaida Gippius, a me Vsevolod Meyerhold.

E hoʻi i ka Rusia

Hope Taffy ola i loko o ke pioʻana ua mamao mai ka i. I loko nō o ka mea i kona pōkole moʻolelo a me nā pepa (essay) paʻi oluolu, ka palapala, ai uku he lolelua, a hoʻopaʻa i ke ola ana ma kahi e ma ka verge o ka subsistence palena iki. Iloko o ka Nazi ana o Farani, i ke ola o ka Lūkini emigrants Ua nui aku huikau. Ma mua o na mea he nui loa-ikeia na kii i kekahi mea o ka pono i waeia. Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Teffi no i ua hapa o ka Lūkini kanaka ma kahi e aku i categorically i haalele ai ke alu like 'ana me ka collaborationist hale. A like koho kakou e hoohewa ke kanaka e ke hoʻokō 'ilihune.

Kawaihae Hope Taffy i pau i ka makahiki 1952. Ua ua kanuʻiaʻo ia i loko o nā wahi e pili ana o Paris ma luna o ka mea kaulana Lūkini ilina o Sainte-Genevieve-Des-Boisa. I Rusia oia i destined e hoʻi wale nō i loko o kā lākou palapala, ai 'hana. Ka mea, ua lilo massively paʻi ma Soviet periodicals i loko o ka weuweu eighties o ka iwakalua kenekulia, i ka hoʻoponopono wā. Books Hope Taffy hele pono a me ka poe mai a paʻi. Ka mea, i mau mea kākau ma ka heluhelu lehulehu.