Raoul Wallenberg: Kawaihae, kiʻi, ohana

"Pono iwaena o na Nations" - o ka inoa i ka makahiki 1963,ʻo ia i posthumously i hookoia ka Kuekene diplomat nāna lākou i hoʻopakele na umi o na tausani o ka poe Iudaio i ka mohaikuni, a make ihola ia i loko o ka hale paʻahao i loko o Soviet unclear ana.

ka inoa kēia kanaka i ka - Gustav Wallenberg Raul, a me ka mea hewaʻiʻo i ka i nui kanaka ike e pili ana i kona mama, a mea he laʻana o ka oiaio humanism.

Raoul Wallenberg: Family

Wā e hiki mai diplomat Ua hānauʻia ma ka makahiki 1912 ma ke Kuekene kulanakauhale Kappsta, ma Stockholm. Makua i ke keiki i ike ole ike, me Moku luna Raoul Oscar Wallenberg make i loko o 3 mahina, mai ka maʻi 'aʻai, a hiki i ka hooilina. Penei, ka mea i lawe mai ai ma o kona makuwahine - May Wallenberg.

Family Raoul Gustav paternal iʻikeʻia i loko o Kuekene i loaa mai, mai ka mea nui Kuekene financiers a me diplomats. I 'ana, i ka manawa o ka hanau ana o ke keiki i kona kupunakane - Gustav Wallenberg - ua o kona aupuni ka elele i Japan.

I ka Ia manawa maternal Raul ua he mamo o ka jeweler o Bendix, ka mea i manaoia kekahi o na Mamua o ka Iudaio i loko o Kuekene. Eia naʻe, Wallenberg kupuna hookahi hookama Lutheranism, no laila, i kāna mau keiki, a mau moopuna Kristiano poe.

I ka 1918 May Vising Wallenberg remarried no ka Kuekene Kuhina o Health luna Fredrik av Dardel. Ma keia mare ana i hanau i ke kaikamahine Nina a me ke keiki a Guy av Dardel, ka mea ma hope lilo i nukelea physicist. Raul ua laki me kona stepfather, no ka mea, ua hana mai ia ia i ka like me kanaka maoli keiki.

ho okumu

Education o nā keiki kāneʻano nui hoʻoili kupuna kāne. Ma muaʻo ia i hoʻouna aku ai no ka oihana koa aʻo, a laila, i Farani. E like me ka hopena, i ka manawa o ke komo ana i ke Kulanui o Hawaii i ka 1931, he kanaka opiopio i olelo mai ai kekahi mau 'ōlelo. Aiaʻo ia i aʻo kuhikuhipuʻuone, a ma ka welau loaa i kekahi mekala no ka maikai aʻo.

Business

Aka, ua i pono ai Raul Wallenbergʻohana i loko o ka Media, a paa i ka kiʻekiʻeʻoihana i loko o Kuekene hui, ma ka makahiki 1933,ʻo ia ho'āʻo e loaʻa i ke ola. No laila, e like me ka haumāna, hele aku la ia i Chicago, kahi āna i hana i loko o ka lānai "Chicago honua ka maikaʻi."

Ma hope o ua noho, i ka makahiki 1935 mamuli, Raoul Wallenberg hoi i Stockholm, a i kekahi i loko o ka Competition 'auʻau wai hana, hoʻopau i ka lua o ka wahi.

A laila, ma ka mea,ʻaʻole e leʻa hoʻi ke kupuna kāne manao e ike i ka holomua moni Raoul, ua hoʻoholo e loaʻa he mea hiki ka hoao ana i loko o ke kahua o ke kalepa a me ka hele ana i Cape Town, kahi āna i heluʻia i loko o ka poʻe nui e kuai hale pono hana. Ma ka pau 'ana o ka internship ua he maikaʻi loa pane mai i ka mea nona mai o kaʻaha kanaka, He aha ka loa oluolu Gustav Wallenberg, ka mea ma ia manawa i kaʻelele o Kuekene ma Tureke.

Ke kupuna kāne i loaʻa i ke aloha moopuna o ka hou 'ihiʻihi' oihana i loko o "ka Hōlani panakō" ma Haifa. Aia halawai Raoul Wallenberg me ka opiopio Iudaio. Holo aku la lakou mai Nazi Kelemania, a kamaʻilio e pili ana i ka hoomaau ana i ka i ka mea, ua waiho kokoke ana. Keia halawai i ka meʻe o ko mākou moʻolelo lākou aaiaoe pilina me ka Iudaio kanaka e maopopo, a pâʻani 'o ia kūlana ano nui i loko o kona wā e hiki mai.

Raoul Wallenberg: A Kawaihae (1937-1944 makahiki)

"Ka Great kaumaha" ma Kuekene ua i ka pono manawa e hana i ke ola me he kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone, no laila, ua hoʻoholo ihola i ke kanaka'ōpiopio, e hoʻomaka lākou iho pāʻoihana a hahau iho la i ka hana me ka Kelemānia Iudaio. Ka hana pilikia, aʻaʻole ia e waiho me ka 'oihana, Raul huli i kona makua kāne iā Iakoba, nana i haawi i kana keiki i ka Iudaio, e pili ana i Kalman Lauer Central' Eulopa kālepa poe. A mau mahina ma hope Vallenberg Raul i Ua he hoalawepu o ka mea nana o ka hui a me kekahi o kona alakaʻi. I loko o kēia wā ua make pinepine huakaʻi ma Europa, a i ka weli i ka mea ana i ike ai ma Germany, a me ka'āina noho ma ka Nazis.

kalaiaina 'oihana

No kēlā mau makahiki ma Kuekene, kela kanaka keia kanaka i ike i ka 'ohana ke hele mai opiopio Wallenberg (diplomats mamo aliʻi), i loko o July makahiki 1944, ua hoonohoia Raul mua kakauolelo o ka kalaiaina nuʻukia o kona aupuni ma Pukapeka. Aiaʻo ia i loaʻa i ke ala, e kōkua i nā Iudaio, ka mea i kali no ka make: ka mea, i ka Kuekene "aiiay passports", a haawi aku i ka mea nona o ke kūlana o ke kanaka o Kuekene, kali repatriation i kā lākou'āina.

Eia hou, oia ua hiki ke hoomaopopo i kekahi o ka Wehrmacht pūkaua e ālai ia 'aʻe i nā kauoha o ko lākou mau luna no ka mea hoʻolilo i ka make hoomoana o ka heluna o ka Pukapeka ghetto. Pela ka mea, ua hiki ke hoola i ka ola o ka poe Iudaio, ka poe i hele e pepehi mua o ka hōʻeaʻana mai o ka Red Army. Ma hope o ke kaua, ka mea i oaeuiinoe e like me ka hopena o kona mau hana hoolaia ma kahi o 100 tausani kanaka. Lawa ia i ka olelo ia wale nō i loko o Pukapeka Soviet koa i halawai 97 tausani poe Iudaio, no ka mea hoi a pau o ka 800.000 Hunakalia Iudaio ola 204.000 wale. Pela, kokoke hapalua o ia aie i ko lakou ola i ka Kuekene diplomat.

I ka hopena o Wallenberg ma hope o ka liberation o Hungary, mai ka Nazis

E like me kekahi poe akamai, i ka Soviet akamai alakai hoʻomakākiu no ka hapanui o ka noho manawa o Wallenberg ma Pukapeka. Like no kona hopena ma hope o ka hiki ana o ka Red Army, ke ao nei ka kaomi Kupanaha okoa wale nō.

Ma kekahi o ia mau mea, ma ke kakahiaka makahiki 1945, a me kona mau kino Keaukaha V. Langfelder i loko o ka International Red kea hale e paa ana ia i ka Soviet patrol (i loko o kekahi mana, i ka NKVD hopu i kona keʻena). Mai laila, i hoounaia mai ka diplomat ia R. Ya. Malinovskomu, e kauoha mai ana i ka manawa o ka 2nd Ukrainian Front, e like me ka manao e hai aku ia ia i kekahi mau malu ike. Aia mea no hoi ka manao i ka mea i hopu ia e SMERSH, ka mea i hoʻoholo ihola ia Raoul Wallenberg - he kiu. Nā kumu no ia mau ulu maila ke ia i ke alo aku o ka nui nui o ke gula a me ke kālā i loko o kona kaʻa, a hiki ke kuhihewa no na waiwai looted ma ka Nazis, no ka mea hoi ma ka mea i koe ka mea, no ka safekeeping diplomat ho'ōla Iudaio. Ka mea a ka mea, ua, ia i ola i ka palapala hoike, e haalele nui puu dala a me ka Jewelry mai Raoul Wallenberg, a me kā lākou Moʻolako.

Ma keia hihia, ka mea, ua hoao aku au ia ia i ka March 8, 1945 "Radio Kossuth", i ua ma lalo o Soviet mana, e hoolilo aku i ka olelo ana iloko o ke kaua pepehi i ka Kuekene diplomat me ka ia inoa i loko o Pukapeka.

Ma ka USSR,

No ka huli ana i ka hana i Raoul Wallenberg, i pio i ka noiʻi, e hōʻiliʻili i nā hunahuna o nā kūʻiʻo. No laila, ike mai la lakou ia mea, lele wale ia Moscow, i kahi āna i waiho i loko o ka hale paʻahao i loko o ka Lubyanka. Kelemānia pio a pau e noho ana ma laila i ka mea ia manawa, i hoike mai ia ma ka "halepaahao Telegraph" kamailio ia ia, a hiki i 1947, ma hope i ka mea hoʻoneʻe 'ia paha, e hele ma kahi e.

Ma hope o ka nalowale ana o kona diplomat ma Pukapeka Kuekene i kekahi mau hoʻouna i nā ninau e pili ana i kona hopena, akā, i ka Soviet Aupuni hai ia mea, i ole i kahi o ka Raoul Wallenberg. No hoi, ma August 1947, A. Ya. Vyshinsky, Hope Aina Kuhina kauoha aku nō ia i ka Kuekene diplomat i loko o ka USSR ma laila. Naʻe, i ka 1957 o kaʻaoʻao Soviet ua e ae aku i ka mea i hopu Raoul Wallenberg (e nānā Hawaii photo. Ma luna,) ma Pukapeka, a lawe i Moscow, a make iho la ia o ka naau kaua i loko o July 1947.

I ka mea ia manawa, i loaʻa i ka leo i loko o ka Archive Haole Wyszynski Molotov (mai Mei 1947), ma ka mea āna i noi mai ai i ka pilikia Abakumov waiho i ka palapala i loko o ka hihia o Wallenberg a me nā noi no kā lākou hoʻopau. Ma hope, Hope Kuhina nona iho kākau i ke Kuhina o State e malu ai no ka aina a me ka pono, e haawi aku i ka pōhaku puna ia no ka makaukau o ka USSR pane i kekahi hoʻopiʻi kū'ē 'ana, mai ka Kuekeneʻaoʻao.

Hoʻokolokolo 'ana i loko o Wallenberg ma hope o ka'opi o ka USSR

I ka pauʻana o ka makahiki 2000, ma ke kumu o ka RF Law "Ma ka hoʻopulapula o luahi o ka Kalaiaina Repression," ke Ka Loio Hoʻopiʻi Nui, e lawe kūpono 'ana i loko o ka hihia o ka Kuekene diplomat R. Wallenberg a me V. Langfeldera. Ma ka hopena, ka mea i olelo mai ia i loko o January 1945, i kēia mau mea i lala no ka Kuekene legation i loko o ka Hunakalia paukü, a me Wallenberg, i waena o nā mea a pau, ua hoi ae nanea ana kalaiaina e hoʻonele, i hopu, a e kali ana a hiki i ko lakou make i loko o ka Soviet halepaahao.

Ua nema aku kēia palapala no ka mea,ʻaʻole i ka lehulehu i hoakaka palapala e pili ana i ka, no ka laʻana, na kumu no ka paehumu o Wallenberg a me Langfeldera.

Study o na kānakaʻepekema

I ka 2010 paʻi study o 'Amelika kakaolelo S. Berger a me Birstein V., ma i ka mea, i? Aaei falsity kēia e pili ana i ka make ana o Raoul Wallenberg, July 17, 1947. Ma ka Central Archive o ka FSB loaʻa ka palapala i 6 mau lā ma hope o ka hoakaka la Head o 'Oihana 4 3 GB gú Kuhina o ka USSR (koa counterintelligence) no kekahi mau hola interrogating "pio helu 7", a laila, Cato a me Vilmos Sandor Langfeldera. No ka mea hope elua i pili i Wallenberg, ua? Aaei epekema i ka mea, ua i kona inoa, a ua ua hoʻopā'āluaʻia.

paʻa

Nā Iudaio kanaka e mahalo i ka mohaikuni Vallenberg Raul a pau mea aʻu i hana ai no kāna mau keiki kāne,.

Kia ma Moscow i disinterested humanist mea ma Yauza ipuka. Eia hou kekahi, he kia hoʻomanaʻo i loko o ka hoomanao ana o ka mea o loko o ka 29 kūlanakauhale o ko ke ao nei.

I ka 1981, kekahi o ka Hunakalia Iudaio hoopakele diplomat, ka mea hope emigrated i ka USA, a laila lilo ka congressman, hoʻokumu pū paha Wallenberg ka honorary kupa o keia aina. Mai August 5, loaʻa i kona hoomanao lā i loko o ka United States.

E like me ua oleloia, i ka makahiki 1963 o kaʻIseraʻela Institute Yad Vashem i hookoia ka Raoul Gustav Wallenberg honorary inoa o ka pono iwaena o ka Nations, a, ma ke kaʻawale, mai ona aku, i hookoia ka Kelemānia pāʻoihana Oskar Schindler, he Polish lâlâ 'o ka ia'ku Honua - wiwoʻole Irene Sendler, he luna i loko o ka Wehrmacht Vilgelm Hozenfeld, Armenian nā meaʻeʻe moku, koke iho hoolaia, mai ka genocide i loko o Tureke, Dilsizyany, 197 Lūkini ka mea i loko o kaʻoihana hūnā Iudaio i loko o ko lakou mau wahi, a he 'elele o ma kahi o 5 kakini lāhui kanaka. A huina o 26 119 kanaka, no ka mea o ka eha hoa ua,ʻaʻole he kanaka'ē.

ohana

Wallenberg ka makuahine a me ka stepfather hoolaa i ko lakou ola i ka huli 'ana no ka nalowale Raul. Ka mea, i kauoha i kona hapa-kaikaina a me koʻu kaikuwahine, e ola, e like me diplomats malaila, e hele mai i ka 2000. Kā lākou hana i hana mauʻia e moopuna, ka poe i ho'āʻo i ka pohihihi mai pehea Wallenberg make.

Ua lilo i kinai kaulana me ka pilikia o ke Ka Wā Kaukani, a hoomau iho la oia humanistic moolelo o kona ohana, na Mamua o ka a ua, kona makuakane hanauna - Ka wahine o Kofi Annan - Nana Lagergren, kaikamahine o Raoul. Ma ke kikowaena o ka noonoo ana, he mea no hoi i ka pilikia o nā keiki i hiki ole e loaa ka hoʻonaʻauao, no ka nele o ko lākou poʻe'ōhua. I ka Ia manawa ka mea, ua manaoio aku la ia ia i ka genocide ma Rwanda, kāna kāne hoao ia e ole me Raoul Wallenberg: Kofi Annan Ua hoʻokumu pū hōʻike manaʻo o un peacekeepers, mai ka'āina ma ke ano lāhui e kue ana i ua disastrous hopena no ka lala o ka Tutsi kanaka.

Ano, ia oe i ka mea i Raoul Wallenberg, kona Kawaihae, a no na mea he nui i wāhiʻia. Kēia diplomat mai Kuekene hele ae la ia ma ka moolelo me ke kanaka nāna i hoʻopakele tausani o nā ola, akā, hiki i pakele i ka make i loko o ka hale paʻahao o na halepaahao, i hele mai me ka hookolokolo ana.