Struve Vasiliy Yakovlevich: Kawaihae a me ka Hawaii photo

Struve Vasiliy Yakovlevich - i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka pauʻana o nā kānakaʻepekema i hiki ole hoi i noonoo ai koʻu ola me kilohōkū. Kana keiki, moopuna, nui-moopuna o ka hoku hoʻolaʻa i hookauwa ole ai lakou 'epekema. Kelemānia a me ka Russian nä känaka 'epekema, ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka kilohōkū, lālā o ka St. Petersburg Academy o Sciences, ka mua ka luna hoʻokele o ka Pulkovo Observatory, i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka Lūkini Kuʻe Huli Society - ka mea i ole wale Vasiliy Yakovlevich Struve.

maʻamau vitae

I ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ke aliʻi kaulana i hānauʻia ma ka makahiki 1793 ma Altona - he uuku Kelemānia kulanakauhale. Kona makua kāne i ka luna hoʻokele o ka kūloko gymnasium. Vasiliy Yakovlevich Struve, nona ka Hawaii photo mea i loko o nā puke o ka kilohōkū, i mua i ka hoʻonaʻauao loa okoa. Kona oihana mua ua philology. I KA WA OPIOPIO wā e hiki mai nä känaka 'epekema i paʻa i loko o Tartu University, i ua manawa kapaia Tartu. Eia naʻe, i kona kahea Struve Vasiliy Yakovlevich - i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka nohoaliʻi o astronomers - ua loaʻa i loko o ka sciences maoli.

Pu ma lalo o ka philology o kona makua kāne, i ke kanaka opiopio o ia i loko o ka makahiki o ka umikumamalima, ua akoakoa pu i hoomakaukauia no ka noi komo 'ana i ka hoʻonaʻauao kiʻekiʻe. I ia manawa, me kona mau kaikuaʻana i mua aoia i loko o ka gymnasium o Dorpat. I mea no ke aha la, e like me ka pono me, mai ka makemake e pale aku conscription i Napoleon ka poe koa, a hoomaka iho la ma ka oihana koa Aey? Acaeoey, Struve koho i kēia kulanui.

Wā e hiki mai astronomer loa ikaika? Anoee philology. A, i palapala mai ai i ka voluminous hoonoho. Soon, nae, lawe loa nui Struve Vasiliy Yakovlevich aku ma nā haʻi'ōlelo o Dr. Koʻolauloa ma ka kumuhana o "ke kālaikūlohea". A ma hope, ma luna o ka'ōlelo aʻo a ka mea hope,ʻo ia bapetizo ia iho i loko o ke ao o ka kilohōkū. Kumu Guth - kulanui Kumu - e piha kākoʻo iā ia i loko o kona mua kapuwaʻi i loko o ka stellar 'epekema. Kela manawa, i ka 1813 kokua aku la oia i kona hoʻi Struve.

mua a me ke kapuai

Kokoke i ka mea ia manawa, hoomaka ae la oia e ao aku i ka manawa hookahi i waeia oia astronomer kilo ma ka ia kulanui. I loko nō o ka lōʻihi ilihune, a me ka wi o ka ipu, Struve nō e hoʻokele i ka hana 'Imi. He hiki kauoha aku e hana i ka hana loa nui no ka manawa i ole me ke kūpono na mea paahana e kanaka hoʻoponopono i nā declinations o hoku, oia hoao e hana i kēia me ka maalo mea kani, e hoʻomaulia i ka pii ana pono o kekahi Polar hoku.

Personal ola

Vasiliy Yakovlevich Struve, kona Kawaihae mea, mai keia manawa mea inseparable mai kilohōkū, mare i ka 1815. Kona koho ana i ka noho ana o Altona Emilia Vall. Me ia i noho ai a hiki i 1834. Ma keia mare ana i hanau he umikumamalua keiki, aka,ʻehā o ka mea i make i loko o kamaliʻi.

Mai 1828, Struve i ka malama ana o kāna keiki hanauna Theodore, kona kahu ua ma mua i kona kaikaina, Ludwig - he Kumu o ka'anatomia ma ke Kulanui o Dorpat.

Ma hope iho o ka make ana o Emilia,ʻo ia i ka makahiki 1834. He mare Johanna Bartels, oia no ke kaikamahine Balanced Bartels. Me kona Struve i hanau eono keiki, o ka mea aʻehā wale nō e holo i kona makua kāne.

At Tartu Observatory

I ka 1819, ua hoonohoia Struve kona mea kuhikuhi. I ka Ia manawa, lilo piha Kumu ma ke kulanui. Over ka iwakālua o ka makahiki o ka hana e like me ka luna hoʻokele o ka Dorpat Observatory, Vasiliy Yakovlevich Struve Ua lako pono kona luna-notch, a nui loa pohihihi no ia manawa, manaʻo a me nā mea paʻahana a. A hiki ma ka hope o 1824, e hoʻokele e kiʻi chetyrnadtsatifutovym Fraunhofer refractor a me Ushneydera me Nine Inch maka aniani, i ka mea maikai a me ka mea nui i ka manawa, haawi mai la ia ia iho i astronomer hana me indescribable ohohia. No ka mea, hoomaka ae la ke au o tireless a me ka hoohua? Iie aayoaeuiinoe, a mau ae la oi ma mua o umikumamakolu na makahiki. Inā Struve mua Vasiliy Yakovlevich - ke astronomer, mai ke Akua, - ua maʻiʻo pono i loaa a ana i ka ua ike mai Herschel aeaie hoku nenoai, laila me ka 'āpana o kaʻoi loa kilo mea paahana, mai ke ao, ua ike kekahi malamalama ka mea, ua hiki ke hele i ke kuokoa Ka Ikepili. He nānā i na hoku a hiki i ka iwa o ka nui ma waena o ka North Pole, a he iwakalua degere hema declination. No hoi, ma ka study o Vasiliy Yakovlevich Struve, kona Kawaihae ua paʻa like ke nä känaka 'epekema i hoomaka ai kaʻoi loa me ka Dorpat Observatory, ka poʻe hiki ke wehe i kahi o ekolu tausani hou iauaeoia, ka hapanui o ia mau mea hoʻoholo i ke kulana, ua aʻo i ke ala o ke noi a me ka kūikawā waiwai.

I ka puka o ka Pulkovo Observatory

Ma ke kakahiaka nui umikumamaiwa kenekulia, ke anoe o St. Petersburg like o ke kauhale alakaʻi ai i ka pono, e hookupaa nui ae i ka Astronomical pele, Aia mawaho o ke kulanakauhale. Mākou, i lilo ai i ka huli 'ana no ka pono wahi i loko o ka wahi o ka'ākau kulanakauhale alii. Ka mea, uaʻAʻole maʻalahi. No ka mea pele pono ai i ke kiekie wahi, akā, i ke komohana o ke kulanakauhale, hiki i ke awawa o Finland, a ma ka hema a me ka hikina, ma ke kaawale ana o iwakalua kilomika, i lalau mai ko kai. Kūkulu i ka akau o St. Petersburg i ole e ke aloha, no ka mea i loko o keia hihia i ka holoʻokoʻa hema hapa o ka lani - i ka lepo ma kahi kokoke i ka nunui hooponopono - ka mea nui wahi no kilo.

I ka makahiki 1830,, Emperor Rotehama au loaa i ka palapala hoike i kakau iho Struve Vasiliy Yakovlevich. Ma ka mea,ʻo ia i ho'ākāka 'ia i loko o au mamuli o ka hana i mua o ka hou, a' ano nui Astronomical pele, a i manao iho e kūkulu kokoke St. Petersburg. Koke ka mea i hooholoia, e hoʻomaka i ka hana o ka iwakalua kilomika hema o ke kūlanakauhale - ma ka Pulkovo Heights. Kuhikuhipuʻuone hana i hooholoia e mai i pono ai i ka luawai-ike Lūkini kanaka kuhikuhi puʻuʻone Briullov. Ua hoonohoia ka luna hoʻokele a me ke poo o kaʻaha hui hana ma ka hanaia'na o ka hou pele Struve, ka mea ma ia manawa hana ma Tartu University. E hoʻomaka ana mai ka makahiki 1833, lilo 'o ia i ka K'lauea aku i komo i loko o ke kaʻina. Pulkovo Observatory Ua wehe i loko o August 1839. A me Struve Vasiliy Yakovlevich lilo kona mua kuhikuhi.

Astronomer, mai ka lā mua hoao iho la ia e lilo i ka maikai loa hoʻokuhikuhi. Mai ka kau ana o ka pohaku mua i loko o ka hale o ka pele, a ulu aʻe ma luna o June 3, 1835, ma mua o ia kona komo i ka makahiki 1839, Struve iho kākoʻoʻaneʻane a pau kūkulu hana.

Aia i hoʻokumu i ka mea maikaʻi, a me ka nui i ka manawa pyatnadtsatidyuymovy refractor telescope. Ke richness a me ka pono o ka Pulkovo Observatory o ka hoʻouka kekahi ipu kokoke koke ma hope o kona puka ua ma mua wahi i loko o ke ao nei. A e like me ka mea mahope ma nā wahi o ke kaulana 'Amelika nä känaka' epekema Newcomb, lilo iho la ia i ka Astronomical kapikala o ko ke ao nei.

I ka hana ma ka Pulkovo Observatory

I ka makahiki mua o kona ola, ua kākoʻo mau hana ma luna o ke ao o aeaie hoku, a hoomaka iho la ma ka St. George ka, Struve Vasiliy Yakovlevich. Discoveries i mai ai i loko o ke au o kana hana ma ka Pulkovo Observatory, ua noho pu me keʻano nui i loko o ka moʻo o ka haʻawina i loko o ke kula o ka kilohōkū. No ka hoʻoholo 'ana i ka mamao i na hoku - i kēia pukana hoihoi a me ka nui kou manaʻo e pili ana i na mea he nui kaulanaʻepekema o ka manawa. Struve, me ka manao e hoao i ka kumumanaʻo o parallax pohupani hale, e wehe ae a hiki Copernicus hoomaka ae la e akahele ana i ke kūlana o Vega. He hana ma ka ala o keia ao alohilohi i hoku a hiki i 1840. A ina i kekahi kaawale mai ia Vega laila kānakaʻepekema i ua? Ee ma luna o ke kumu o ka oi kūlike loa ana, naʻe, i kēia hana Struve i kekahi o ka mea mua i loko o ka mōʻaukala o ka kilohōkū holomua hana ma ka hoomaopopo ana i ka mamao i ka kekahi hoku. Ua mea ma luna o kēia kumu ma hope ma mua o ka hana kekahi monumental hana. Ua hoao aku au ia i na hoku e loa mamao E ka lā, i ka malamalama kukuna mai i hoʻopulapula ma ka mämä holo o 300,000 ka km / ke, hiki aku i ka Honua no na umi, a he haneri o ka makahiki.

ka napoo ana o

Hoohua ha awina V. Ya. Struve hana mau a hiki i 1858. Akā, i ka wa a ka mea maʻi, squinting i kona, e kau mai o ka hana, ai ka pele i ma luna o ke alakaʻi o kana keiki - he loea nä känaka 'epekema Otto Struve. Vasily Yakovlevich - i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka nohoaliʻi o astronomers - make iho la i ka 1864. He hana hoihoi, akā, ka mea, ua i loko o ka hookahi makahiki, Pulkovo Observatory kaulana kona iwakalua-lima ia o ka lā hoʻomanaʻo.

Kaka

Ma ke kahua o ka kilohōkū, V. Ya. Struve Ua hoao iho la ia i ka maoli lehulehu o ka hoku i loko o ka Central māhele o ka Wiliau Hōkū. He i hoapono mai i ka hopena i loaʻa mea he nui o ka interstellar omo o ka malamalama. Invaluable no ka stellar kilohōkū i kana hana noa i ka ' "Haʻawina o stellar kilohōkū." Kēia mea ma ka Struve ka nānā 'ana kona mea mahuʻi ia he mea he mea o ke omo o ka malamalama ma interstellar makahiki a me ka ulu i ka helu o ka hoku no pa alima ka leo e like me lākou e hoʻokokoke mai ai i ke nō hoʻi.

Epekema këia aeaie hoku, hiki huina like ka nui me nā catalogs o ka waiu mea a paʻi ia, niioaaonoaaiii, i ka 1827 a me ka 1852 pakahi. Struve Vasiliy Yakovlevich, nona na hana i manaoia e e pono kīvila kanaka ma keia kahua o ka kilohōkū, ua hiki ke ana i ka mamao o ia Vega ma ka mua manawa i loko o ke ao nei i ka huihui Lyra. Kēia hoku - i ke kolu o ka brightest i loko o ka po lani ma hope o Sirius a me Arcturus, i hiki ke mālama i loko o Rusia, a me ka kokoke wale aku no. A i loko o ka huihui Ophiuchus Struve loaa planetary nebula. Ma lalo o ke alakaʻiʻana o Vasily Yakovlevich a me ka surveyor K. Tenner ka mea i hana degere ana o ka Melekiana piʻo mai o ka mokuna o ka Arctic Ocean a hiki i ka waha o ka Danube muliwai. ʻano waiwai mea i loaa i ka hou pololei hooholo i ke kinona a me ka nui o ka honua.

e hoohalike ana

Struve Vasiliy Yakovlevich, nona ka mamo aliʻi mea ole wale astronomers, akā, i mai lehulehu a me ka mau huahelu, o ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka holoʻokoʻa hana stellar 'epekema. Kana hana i hana mauʻia e kāna keiki Otto, mau moopuna elua - a Hermann Ludwig, e like me ka nui o-moʻopuna - he astrophysicist. Ke kahiko Struve he mea no hoi he pono-ike chemist, diplomat, orientalist a me academician o ka Academy o Sciences o ka Soviet Union.

paʻa

Inoa i nä känaka 'epekema kaulana' aʻole e noho hoopoinaia. I ka 1913 he uuku Honua i helu 768, i loaa ma ka Lūkini astronomer Neuimin, Struveanoy kona inoa i loko o ka hanohano o ka ohana mamo aliʻi o astronomers Struve.

I hoomanao o ke nä känaka 'epekema nui i ka makahiki 1954 a me ka ia i hookuu ia i ka Ka Uku Leka, hehi iho. Ua Ua hoolaa i ka Pulkovo Observatory. Ua hōʻike He kiʻi o V. Ya. Struve a me nā kaulana Lūkini astronomers. Ma ka centenary o ka make ana o Vasily Yakovlevich, i ka 1964, ka mea i hookuu ia kekahi hou , hehi iho o ka USSR. Kona kiʻi mea i noho i loko o nā analogues laʻa piʻo, kapaʻia ma hope o ka astronomer nui. Mau A hehi ihola au i hoopuka ia e Lithuania (2009), Latvia, Estonia a me Kuekene (2011). Eia hou, i ka 1964 o ka lua International Astronomical Union aia ma kaʻaoʻao hiki o ka Moon, i ka inoa o V. Ya. Struve.

Catalogs

Struve, pono noʻonoʻo i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kālā o ka pau lālā o ka kilohōkū, i ka 1827 me ka hopena o niio? Oi ma mua o hoʻokahi haneri me ka iwakālua tausani lani mea paʻi i kekahi keiki Kahua, i komo pū oi aku mamua o ekolu tausani o kaulua a me ka mau hoku. Ka hapa nui o ia - 2.343 kukui - Ua loaa ma kaʻepekema. Ke 1837th Ua paʻiʻia kona loa kaulana hana. Ma "micrometric ana o ka papalua hoku" i hāʻawiʻia mākou i ka hopena o ka oi ma mua oʻumikumamākahi tausani omaulia i Vasiliem Struve no makahiki he umikumamalua me ka kōkua o ke Dorpat refractor. Ua ke Kahua, paʻiʻia e kānakaʻepekema, i i hookoia ka mekala o ka Royal Astronomical Society o London.

I ka 1852 ka mea i paʻi i ka hana noa i ka ' "konu kulana", i ka poe i ka hopena o ka lōʻihi-makahiki loina o ka aneane ekolu tausani hoku. Nā hana, i i lawe Struve a me kona mau kānaka kōkua ma Tartu Observatory no aneane iwakalua makahiki hope ma mua o hookahi hoʻohana ma stellar kilohōkū.

e piʻi like

Vasiliy Yakovlevich Struve, he manawa pōkole Kawaihae i hōʻike ana kona nunui kūlana ma ka kilohōkū, kekahi i kekahi makana nui i ka hooulu ana o ka 'epekema e like me geodesy. I ka manawa mai ka makahiki 1822 a hiki i 1827 ma lalo o kona alakaʻiʻana, i ke ana o ka Melekiana piʻo lōʻihi Ua lawe Hogland Island, aia i loko o ke awawa o Finland, a hiki i ke kulanakauhale Yakobshtadta. I ka 1828 ka mea, sopryagli me ka mea like, ho omaulia ma ka hema-komohana o ka aina. A laila, e hoʻomau i kēia mau ana, mai ke kūkulu'ākau a hiki i ke kūkulu hema. E like me ka hopena, i ka lōʻihi holoʻokoʻa o ka piʻo ana i like i ke kumukuai o 25 ° 20 '. Ua Ua kapaʻia ka Lūkini-Scandinavian. Eia naʻe, poe akamai i ike ia aku me ka Struve Geodetic piʻo.

inoa

Vasily Yakovlevich ua he honorary lālā o ka aneane nā kulanui i loko o mākou aupuni, e like me na haole akeakamai nā kaiapili a me ahahui 'imi naʻauao o ka' epekema. Ma ka hapalua like-umikumamaiwa kenekulia Struve komo i loko o ka hanaia'na o ka Likepona Observatory. Ua neiʻo nova ma ka City University, akā, ke kilo aole ua hou i ekemu ae. Ua Ua hanaia me ka pele i loko o ke kiʻi o Rusia - Pulkovo - i i noʻonoʻo i ka manawa i Astronomical kapikala o ko ke ao nei. Papa kiʻekiʻe Point i loko o ka mea paahana koho hilo ua he koʻikoʻi Lūkini astronomer Struve.