Zhukovsky ka hana: papa

Vasiliy Andreevich Zhukovsky ua manaoia kekahi o na Mamua o Romanticism ma Lūkini. 'O kēia ke kumu i ka pulakaumaka o kana hana i kau aku i ka pilikia o ko ke kanaka ka honua ma loko. Like aku la no ia Belinsky kānaka apau i mākaukau Zhukovsky invaluable - alaila, haawi mai i ka "naau a me kaʻuhane" o Lūkini poetry.

Zhukovsky ka hana kālele ana ma luna o loko manaʻo o ka meʻe, na ko a me Emotions o ke kanaka, he pono, i alakai aku ai i ka mea i koi 'ia i ka haku mele, e lanakila i ka kiʻekiʻe kaila kākau ai i classicists kona mau mua. Language hana i oi mea naʻau, hiki wawe ko, i hiki okoa manaʻoʻike nuances. Ua nā ka phraseology a me kana olelo ana.

Ke kumu o ka haku mele

Ka haku mele i hanau January 29, 1783 ma ka palena o Oryol, Kaluga a me Tula'āina, i loko o ke kūlanakauhale o Mishenskoe. He ua ka illegitimate keiki a kekahi waiwai landowner, Athanasius Ivanovich Bunin a me Turkish na wahine, a i ka 1770 Russian pio i loko o ka hoʻopio o Bender.

I kapaia wā e hiki mai haku mele i loaa mai kona hoahānau, Andrei Ivanovich Zhukovsky, he hune alii, ka mea i noho ma luna o ka waiwai Bunin, ka poe i aponoia i ka keiki. Pela oia iʻaloʻana i ka illegitimate kūlana.

Zhukovsky mau hana (papa)

I ka haku mele, palapala iho la i ka puu, no laila, uaʻapo mai kāna hana i loko o ka ia 'atikala, ia mea loa paʻakikī. Eia naʻe, ua kaumaha aku oe i ka nui hana o Zhukovsky (papa ma kekahi mea).

1. "May Morning" (1797).
2. "Manaʻo ma ka halekupapau" (1797).
3. "Nupepa pā ilina" (1802).
4. "Ja" (1806).
5. "Ludmila" (1808).
6. "Svetlana" (1812).
7. "Hoolea i loko o ka poʻe hoʻomoana o ka Lūkini koa" (1812).
8. "Aeolian Harp" (1814).
9. "Inexplicable" (1819).
10. "Tsarskoye Selo Swan" (1851).
11. "Auwana Iudaio" (1851-1852 makahiki).

No ka 'ike hou aku e pili ana i kēlā me kēia huahana,ʻike ma lalo nei.

Loira a me ke kakahiaka nui hana

ʻO i loko o kona mau makahiki i kakahiaka nui këia i kula, Aia ma ke Kulanui o Moscow, Zhukovskiy Vasiliy Andreevich, o kona mau hana e kālailai mākou,ʻo ia i hana i kona mua poem. Ka loa nui o kona poe e piʻi like i ka manawa manaoia e ia: i ke poem "May Morning" a me ke Ana Aina, hana "manaʻo ma ka halekupapau," i kākau 'ia ma 1797. Ka poem "May Morning" hoʻomaka i loko o ka uhane o ka classicism: "Belorumyana wanaʻaoʻilikai ...". ua ho'ākāka 'ia ma ke' ano o ke kiʻi i loko o ka Hōʻuluʻulu, idealistic. E ho ohana kiʻekiʻe hua'ōlelo ( "Recycle"), mifologizm ( "Phoebe"), hui haʻiʻano ( "belorumyana"). Naʻe, i loko o ka kēia mau laina he mea he manao o ka awaawa, a me ka poho o ka naau. Nā kūlanaʻelua hana i loko o ka uhane o ka sentimentalism: "Life, koʻu hoa, ka luahohonu o ka waimaka a me ka pōpilikia ...".

"Nupepa pā ilina"

I na hana e Vasily Zhukovsky pinepine i kākau i loko o ka 'ano moʻokalaleo o ka mele kanikau. Karamzin, oiai ke kaulana Lūkini kākau moʻolelo, ua he hoaaloha o ka haku mele a me ka kumu. Ua ua mea i waihoia mai Zhukovsky mahalo i kekahi o kona mau mua nā hana - o ka mele kanikau "Nupepa pā ilina", unuhi mele kanikau Thomas Hinahina, English haku mele. Karamzin Ua aponoia keia hana, a ua loaʻa i loko o 1802 Hoʻololi 'o ka mele kanikau i paʻiʻia ma ka "Pai o' Eulopa", a i ka hoʻopuka i ka manawa,ʻo ia ua. I ka papa kuhikuhiE theme like ana o na hana - i ke ano o ke ola, a me ke kanaka ka pilina me ke waho honua. Mele kanikau Ua kūkulu like me ka manaʻo o ka haku mele, kena ae la ma ka contemplation o ke kauhale ilina. Ma ka manaʻo o ka haku mele spontaneously hou nīnau i ia e imi i ka pane. Ka mea, i hui pu ia e kekahi e like me ka manaʻo o ka transience o ke ola, a me nā vicissitudes o ka make. Ka haku mele 'Oi ka makemake ole "hoa o ka pomaikai," a me ka poe e hana ikaika no o ka maikai o ka aina.

"Ja"

A iki ma hope, iho o ka lilo o ka mua kumu hana o Zhukovsky, e like me ka mele kanikau "Ja", i kākau 'ia ma 1806. ʻOiai ka haku mele i ka iho a lima ua ole i maopopo i hanaʻia, ma ko ka lokahi a me ka wahine mele kanikau 'ōlelo. Ka theme like o ka "Ja" - i ke ano o ke ola, kanaka naue like. Ka maikai i na mea i loko o ke ola, e like me ka mea haku mele, ke aloha a me ka aloha, i ka nani o ke ano. Ma keia mele kanikau nō ke ikeia Classic waha: hoʻohana mifologizm ( "Bakusa", "Zephyr", "Alpine", "Minvana") a me ka Slavonicisms ( "ma Brega," "Zlata", "oratai" listen'ōlelo.).

"Don Quixote", noho pilikia 'atikala

Zhukovsky ka hana no nā keiki wehe iʻikeʻia i loko o 1804, i ka mua o nā puke eono o ka unuhi o Cervantes 'Don Quixote, "a no hoi ia melodic olelo ola Lūkini' ōlelo.

I ka 1808, Zhukovsky (elemakule e 25) lilo i ka luna hoʻoponopono o ka "Bulletin o 'Eulopa", ka hope i Karamzin. I ka Ia manawa, ka mea, i kekahi puu, kākau moʻolelo, nāʻana, poem, noho pilikia (essay). I ka hala o ka haku mele olelo o ka romanticism like me ka hou kuokoa hema i loko o Lūkini moʻokalaleo. Classic lula i Romanticism mea hou pili, e pono e auhau i ka hua'ōlelo o "proportionality" a me ka "congruity" ono, stylistic hoʻokaulike.

"Lyudmila"

Genres Zhukovsky ka hana i ole kaupalena 'elegies. I ka 1808, ua paʻi i ka mua Mele - "Lyudmila", a mea he noa unuhi o nā puke i haku ai G. Burger, Kelemānia haku mele. Kēia hana i ka mea heluhelu i loko o ka ike ao nei ma o aku, makau iho la lakou, a alluring i ka ia manawa. Ke kuka i ka mea heluhelu i ka Middle Ages, iloko o ka Livonian Kaua o 16-17 kenekulia. I ka papa kuhikuhiE ano, Lyudmila, e kali ana no kona aloha, mai ke kahua kaua, a, me ke kali ana no, hoʻomaka e'ōhumu aku nei iā hopena. Ka makuahine UOAAaOON e hoomaha ia ia, i mai la i "Paradise - haahaa uku, gehena - kipi naau", a kahea aku ia e hoolohe i ka lani. Eia naʻe, Lyudmila lilo ka manaoio, a ua lilo ka hailona no Gehena kahi o ka manao uku.

"Svetlana"

Ka huahana o "Svetlana" (Zhukovsky) - keia mea i ka palapala Mele, i komo pū Lūkini oihana a me ka hilinaʻi.

Ka naʻau i loko o keia apana, i kū'ē i ka "Ludmilla", hauoli, huali ia. Na Mele hookomoia oihana mua o Lūkini nā loina - podblyudnyh mele a me ka 'aoʻao ( "'āmara Skuy iaʻu Zlat a hou lei", "koʻu maikai", "podruzhenka," "ka olioli, i ka malamalama o koʻu mau maka," "Kamehameha Light" a me kekahi poe e ae.). Svetlana kekahi manao i ka na kahu, akā, e like Ludmila hope me ia.

"Aeolian Harp"

Romantic hana Zhukovsky Hoomau iho la lakou i hanaia "Aeolian Harp" (1814). Ua organically hiehie Mele a me ka lyric poetry. Ka Ikepili o ka hana o Zhukovsky? Aaei Belinsky, ma kona manao, i loko o ka Mele "ʻeleu i ka pau wahi, ke pau kaʻume oʻaʻala Zhukovsky Awaits." Ke heroine Aʻole i make, a hele i ka 'ē aʻe ao nei, kahi e hui ma hope me kana ipo. Dvoemiriya motif permeates nui na hana kaulana o Zhukovsky, maalo ae la oia ma kona mau hana a pau.

"Hoolea i loko o kahi e hoʻomoana ai ..."

Patriotic War o ka 1812 hiki ole i ka makahiki like ole e i ka pane i loko o ka naʻau o ka haku mele, ka mea i maʻa i ka mea firsthand - Zhukovsky i kaʻeleu loa i loko o ka hostilities i loko o ka papa o ka lutanela, e kaua ana no ka mea motherland. Nā hanana o ia manawa laa e hana, "hoolea i loko o ka poʻe hoʻomoana o ka Lūkini koa", ma a ka patriotic theme like mea pakahi aku la ia paakiki, no ka mea, ua pili nā mea a pau me ka mea kākau o ka hoao ana. Ke kumu nui loa o ka hana i palapala ma ke alo, ma mua o ka kaua o Tarutino. Haku mele hoolea i ke koa a me ka ikaika o na kanaka Lūkini, kā lākou heroism a me ka ikaika i loko o ka maka o kaʻenemi. Wehewehe aku iʻaneʻi odic hōʻuluʻulu, sublime 'ōlelo, e hoʻohana Slavonicisms, e like me "poʻe koa", "koa", "ce", "ike", "nānā lākou", a me na mea e ae. I ka hana a ua kākau i loko o ka hoʻohui pū 'ia o ka trehstopnogo a me iambic tetrameter, a ua hana i ka manawa, e like me ka ode i keia palapala wale nō iambic tetrameter.

"Inexplicable"

Ma hope o ka make Mashi Protasovoy, ipo, a kukakuka iho, a me a ka haku mele i ole hui i loko o ke ola me ke kaikamahine i ka makuwahine i kū'ē i ko laua mare ana, Zhukovsky hoʻomaka increasingly e manaʻo e pili ana i ka mau loa, mai ka lani mai, a malaila mystical malu o ka haipule, akä, ma ka poetry. Nā hana mea he uuku stricter, i kekahi manawa i ka haku mele ole ai ia e, a mai na punahele stylistic excesses, a hiki rhyme. Ua hālana "oi inexplicable manaʻo" mea āna i ho'āʻo i ka hoolilo ana ma ka poem "inexplicable" (1819):

"A pau ka immensity i loko o ka hoʻokahi hanu aukukū mai;
A wale ka hooneoneo mea e akaka. "

Unuhi '20-30th.

Ma ka 20-30-ies. ka haku mele hana hou Mele a me nā unuhi. Subjects ka mea, e noi mai Goethe ( "Birds"), Schiller ( "Naita Togenburg", "Cup"), Scott ( "Castle Smeagolm a Ivanov Ja") a me nā haku mele. Zhukovsky translates i "Ka Lay o Igor", "Shinonsky pio" Byron (1818-1822), "E ke kaikamahine o Orleans" Schiller a me Goethe mea hoihoi, ka mea, ua hiki i ka halawai i kanaka i ka 1821, ka wā o ka haku mele mua i ka hele ana ma kahi e aku me ka mea a.

Nā hana o Zhukovsky

Nā Mele Zhukovsky mau unuhi o ka poem "Rustam a me Zohrab" a me "Nal a me Damayanti", ma ka mea āna i Hōʻike 'ia ma ke ao pauʻole. Mau Mele kani loa ke kālā no, mahope mai o ka palapala noa pauku, a Komo pīhoihoi ihola ko lākou Halaman. Zhukovskiy Vasiliy Andreevich, nona na hana aole i emi iho palapala, pinepine mai noi motifs a me Halaman mai haole kākau.

Wale i ka makahiki o ka 58, i ka makahiki 1841, ka haku mele, ua lilo i loaʻa i kaʻohana ma ka mare Elizabeth Reitern. Naʻe, i kekahi manawa ma hope o ka mare ana, Elizabeth haule iho mai, a me ka ohana no ka iaea o kona ola hele i Germany. Here Zhukovsky mai, akā, hoomau iho la oia i ka hana.

I ka makahiki 1851, Zhukovsky kākau ihola mele kanikau "Tsarskoye Selo Swan", a welau a me ka make ana o ka noketura, i kekahi manawa, noho ihola i loko o Tsarskoye Selo. Kēia hana ma autobiographical, allegorically, akā, me ka manao pono loa i kāna moʻolelo o ka lono kaumaha hopena o ka haku mele, ola i kona manawa a me ia iho.

I ka hookahi makahiki, hoomaka ae la oia e dictate (e like me ka mea paa i ka peni i hiki ole) kona hope poem "Ka hele hewa ia Iudaio", yavivshuyusya mua hopena o ka hana a pau o ka mea kākau. Eia naʻe, e noho paʻa hapa.

April 12, 1852 Zhukovsky make i loko o ka German kūlanakauhale o Baden-Baden.

Zhukovsky ka hana i hele mai, mai ke au mai o panina a me ka palapala, ai ka neʻe 'ana o ke kolu o ka mua o ka 19th kenekulia, ua pane ai i ka helu o ke koiʻana iā kumuhana o ka manawa, a haawi mai impetus i ke kūpono' ana o ka moʻokalaleo i loko o ka hou hema - i loko o ka pilialoha alanui.