Battleship "Mikasa": ÷, Hawaii photo, papahana helu, pōʻino, kahi?

I kēia lā ia mea paakiki e imi i kekahi mea i ike i pili ana i ka Lūkini-Japanese Kaua o kekahi mea. Naʻe, kekahi vaguely hoomanao i ka blockade o Port Arthur, akā, i kēia ike ana e pau.

A me ka makehewa, no ka mea, ua kaua - ka loa nui milestone o ko mākou'āina, kekahi o na kumu nui kumu o ka OkatobaʻOiʻenehana, like i loko o ka papa o hostilities definitively ike ai i ko ka hikiʻole mai o ke aliʻi, a me ke aupuni, e ponoʻole Loiloi i ka mawaho a me na olelo hooweliweli, e lawe ana no lākou i kakahiaka nui hoʻopau.

Kekahi o nā hōʻailona o ka confrontation lilo (me ka Japaneseʻaoʻao) battleship "Mikasa". Japanese nō haʻaheo o keia moku,ʻo ia a ianoiyuaa a hana like me ka lana iau.

Overview

I ka manawa o ke kūkulu o kēia 'ano o ka battleship lilo i ka loa a me ka mana nui koa battleship o ka hikina a ka lā, i kekahi o na moku nui o ka wā. He Ua komo, e like me ka moku lawe hae o Adimarala Togo, i loko o ke kaua ma waena o Rusia a me Japan. He komo i loko o Port Arthur o nā hanana i loko o ka Tsushima kaua. Iloko o ka First World kiai ana i ka mokuna o Japan. Ano, battleship "Mikasa" - he iau aia i loko o ke awa o Yokosuka.

No ka mea, i ka hana?

I ka 1895, ka wā Japan luku aku i ka agrarian a me ka hope Kina, a ua loa unexpected no ka hanana ao kaiāulu. Ia manawa, na Kepani i nō e māʻona ai me kā lākou mau imperial iʻini ma waho, a me ka manamana nui ka mea, ua pâʻani 'o ia i loko o ko kakou aina. Ma lalo o puʻe mai ka Russian aupuni a pau, ka mea, he e hooki aku i ka lawe mai i ko lakou mau mea e pono ai no Manchuria, e like me ka mea, i ia e ka lima kolohe 'ana o "ka manao aloha", e haawi ana i ka mua pio Lushun (Port Arthur). Ua pili kēia i ka mea i loko o Chefoo laila i ka Lūkini squadron, a kamaʻilio me na Kepani i i makemake ia.

Naʻe, ke Kepani aupuniʻike ihola ia mea, no ka mea, e kaua aku i Rusia, a me ka lanakila, e lawe i ka mooolelo nui aʻe mea hypothetical hale kiaka o ka hakakā ana, e hilinaʻi ma ka pomaikai o na hana o ka'auwaʻa (e like me ka loaʻa nui). I ka 1895, na Kepani i shipbuilding polokalamu no 10 makahiki, eaaaony no? Ieoaeunoai o ka'auwaʻa i ka nui a me ka laekahi 'o ka hakakā.

? ieoaeunoai

Hope loa Japanese shipyard i ia manawa i ole panai ai i na koi ana o modernity, ka battleship "Mikasa" i kūkuluʻia i loko o ka UK. Kuleana no ka manao ana o ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia lunaʻenehana Makrou D. S. no ka mea hou, ia i ole invent, akā, ma muli wale i kona pono-ai Pelekāne battleships papa "Canopus". Kona "mamo" a me ka "Mikasa". Battleship mea he pono "hope o ke ano", Komo 'o ia nā maikaʻi a me ka hopena maikaʻi' aoao o ka 'ōlelo Pelekānia papahana.

Bookmark ka moku, ua lawe mai ma Barrow shipyard huakai Vickers (wā e hiki mai pahu Hookah). Ua hiki 24.01.1899 makahiki. Wai wā e hiki mai moku lawe hae o ke Kepani'auwaʻa i ee 11.08.1900 makahiki. I hana ia i hoʻolauna, ka 01/03/1902. Ma ia manawa, ua ua hoakaka pau mākou a pau na kapuai o ka moku'āina e ho'āʻo ai. Ke kumu o ka papahana mea i pololei ka ikepili, akā, kākau moʻolelo manaʻo e ka mea, ua ma ka liʻiliʻi loa he miliona paona, a ma ia manawa i loko o ka "dala like paha" like i ka eha miliona.

hale ano

Noʻokoʻa mai ka poe mai o nā moku i hanaʻi iloko o ka 1895-1896 makahiki, ka battleship "Mikasa" Ua lilo i Classic ka Luna o ka moku-kula Sir William Genri Uayta.

Ei? Akoakoa mai kila shipbuilding ka uku nui loa, i ka'ōnaehana, e hoonoho i ke kino mōlina - transverse. Single-kāhiko moku i kūkuluʻia ma ke ano, nasal blockage mōlina ua loa ai liʻiliʻi, akā, i ka mea ia manawa blockage amidships, a mahope kekahi hoike ana. Loko o ka hihia kūikawā watertight i pohā i ua hoonohonoho, ma i ka moku i maheleia i loko o kekahi mau liʻiliʻi compartments. Ka mea, haawi hou kumupaʻa i ka moku ma ka hui 'ana me torpedoes.

A hiʻona o ka armadillo, noonoo iho kaulua papa a me ka papalua lalo. Ka mahuahua kapa kila, ahu iho ua hoalaia mai i kaʻilikai bronepaluby. Ka lua o ka hanohano nō hoʻi hiʻona o ke kakaka o ka moku i ka naholo kiki mai ai, a i manao iho e malama aku i ke kuʻi hipa kāne. Eia hou kekahi, armadillo "Mikasa" (Hawaii photo ona, e hōʻike i ka mea) i ka haʻi oāwa i luna, kāhiko. Kīloi paʻewa keels i manao e stabilize i ka moku i kūkulu i nā halelewa.

Ka haaheo o na Shipbuilders Pelekāne ua hapa o Hartman Rahtien, a uhi i ka papa anuʻu loa kai hauna. Ua 'ano ua ālai fouling leho, a hou holo ka pono hale noho, hoemi i ke kauo ana i ka loli.

Hoakaka kino kapa kila

Hapa pohupani hale o ke kino - oi mamua o 15 tona. Full pohupani hale - 16 tona. I kā mākou Length - 132 mika, ma waena o p ÷ - 122 mau mika. Ka awelika laula o ke kino - 24 mika, ka awelika hohonu - ewalu mau mika.

Battleship "Mikasa" ka oko ao mai nā moku i kūkulu ai ma Iapana, i ka mea i ka mea, he oi aku ka li nahā i waena o Barbet 305-mm o ka pū. He kūpono ma ka olelo hoopomaikai, akā, i ka mea ia manawa, e like me ka manao hooholo i ka mea hiki ole no ka mea hoʻonoho o 152-mm o pū i loko o hoʻokahi casemates. A no ka mea, o ka mea akamai, ua hiki i ke hoʻoponopono i ka pili-AICIeOEOI pilikia a me ka hoʻokomo 'ana i ka moku o ekolu mau mea i kahikoiaʻi mau hipuu. Ke kiekie o ka papa kuhikuhiE kapa kila kāʻei - ma kahi 2,5 ka m ma luna o ka waterline ia ala ka hola 70 knm.

Ma o ka wahi o ka hapalua like-pauku mānoanoa o ke kapa kila i 229 mm o, akā, papa anuʻu loa kai ka mea, ua i nā hoemi ia i ka 127 mm o. Ma nā kihi o ka Susana kapa kila i kekahi thinner, i ka 178 mm o, a e pili ana i kapa kila kāʻalo ana kēlā i ia mea i 102-127 mm o. Ua ua pono palekana wahi o ka Susana wale. No ka mea, i ka papa kuhikuhiE bronepoyas, ua, ua hiki e hoʻopale ai i kona 152-mm o kapa kila akamai.

Structurally ua oi nui kolu o kapa kila kāʻei i kŰlń ao mai ai i ka luna kāhiko. Kona papa kuhikuhiE hana ua e hoʻopale ai i ka iuo aaoa? Eono-'īniha pū. Mākou i mua i olelo ia i kekahi o ka manao hoʻoholo i i 'ae' ia e hoʻouka i ka 152-mm o pū i loko o hookahi casemates, akā, ka mea i pili i nā pūʻehā ma luna o ka luna, iluna no. Ka mea, Ua hoomaluia e 152 mm o, a me ka waho kapa kila 51 mm o - mai o ka loko.

Other māhele o ka hunāhunā

Best o nā mea a pau i hoomaluia barabety ka papa kuhikuhiE ke ahi a me ka moku kaua kāpena - 356 mm o kapa kila. Pili barabetam hapa o ka Susana, i ole e like me ka pono e kahiko ai - "wale" 203 mm o ke kila. Mai kāʻalo ana kēlā i ka luna kāhiko pili ana i ka mea kanu ma ka naauao huina, akamai ole ia kapa kila papa mānoanoa o ka 152 mm o wale. Mea ua lawa ia ke ku imua o gunfire, a ma ka mea ia manawa, kōkua ai i nā ka manao o ka moku.

Ua uhiʻia nā mea a pau pu kūpono lei ma aiiay a lahilahi o ka mānoanoa o ka 254 mm o (lae). Aoao a me ka hale e hoomalu i ka apana uuku na ino - 203 mm o. Luna kāhiko ka ikaika a lahilahi o 25 mm o. Lower kāhiko (pu i loko o ka Susana,) i ka mānoanoa o ka 51 mm o (kahi na bevels ma ka huahelu ua 76 mm). Nice ia e pale a me turtleback, a ua like me 76 mm o puke.

No hoi, ua hoomakaukau nā kānakaʻenehana maikai palekana o ka conning hale kiai, i mau mea nei ua nui kaa ke kāohi manaʻo ( 'o ia hoʻi, ke kōmike hoʻokele huila, intercoms e kamaʻilio me nā koa pou). No ka mea, ua hoʻohana he kūikawā Krupp kapa kila i kona mānoanoa ua 356 mm o, ka mea mahope kāpena (ka mea ia kilo) i hoomaluia uku, he kapa kila una honua i ka mānoanoa o ka 76 mm o.

I mau, ke battleship "Mikasa", nona kükohu i ulu ka maikaʻi loa English lunaʻenehana, ua i ka mua o na Kepani moku, a i hoʻohana 'ana i ka mālama i ke kila ua ua hanaʻia e Krupp hana. Mua Harvey kapa kila i hoʻohana ', nona ia'ku ua hoemi e 16-20%. Ma ke ala, i ka piha kaumaha o ke kapa kila ma ka "Mikasa" i 4091 tons (aneane 30% o ka huina o na tona o ka moku).

Ke propulsion nenoaiu o ka moku

mau-kumu noaia i hoʻohana no? ieoaeunoai. Ka "naau" o ka moku, he ekolu-paukūʻolokaʻa mahu kiko'ī ua hanaʻia e "Vickers". A hiʻona o kēiaʻano papa hana i ka ikehu i "Triple? Anoe?" Mau, ma laila hiki ke hoola wahie, a, e hoʻokō i kā mākou huahelu o ka hele ana ma luna o kekahi iie. Ke kuʻe mapuna ua oi aku kekahi mika!

kumu ka mämä holo i ka moku peʻa holo ano kīnā 125 rev / min. Ua hoʻohana 'ia paha mahu ieoaeunoai 25 Belleville, ku e ka mea i kā mākou mahu puʻe o 21 kg / cm². E like me ka engine lumi ia iho, i ko lakou mau eiiiiiaiou ua hanaʻia ma "Vickers".

Ka huina ili o ka ieoaeunoai kīnā 3.5 tausani m. ^2, i ka pono nui manamana hiki 118,54 ka m ^2. Ke anawaena o ka nanaina hookae elua mamua o eha mika! Ka papahana nona iho o kela mea keia mea o ka mana kanu mea like i 16 000 l / s, a ua 'ae' ia ÷ ea i ka cruising māmā holo o 18 knots. O ka holo ana, wale nō ināʻaʻole weluwelu-mai machines a me maomeka no ka 'eleu hana. Ua uku ia i nā kānakaʻenehana mau noonoo propeller i ka manganese keleawe.

Ua kōkua oe ike pehea i kūkulu battleship Mikasa, moku Nails, a au e loaʻa ma ka 'aoʻao o kēia pepa.

wahie laau

Lanahu me ke koe waiho ma luna o ka moku i loko o hoppers mau nui holo ana i ke anapuni o nā papa kuni ihola ia i kahi pilipń i ka mīkini lumi. A me kā lākou kiʻekiʻe i ka mea tankers me ka uuku charcoal kū aʻela ma luna o ka papa kuhikuhiE kāhiko: ka mea i hana ma ka hana, e hoʻolako maikaʻi ka hoomalu ana. Nō kāu, ma ka moku ia 700 na tona o ka lanahu, kona i kā mākou holoholona, he 1.5 tausani. Nā kana.

I ka mämä holo o ka umi knots ka moku ke lanakila i ka 4.600 mile ma cruising mämä holo (16 knots), ka mea i kā mākou mamao ua 1900 mile. Me ka ua i ka hooholo ia o ka moku'āina ikea ai kime hiki ke "raskochegarit" moku i ke 16,5 tausani. L / s ma ka moolelo māmā holo o 18,45 knots.

General seaworthy ano moku lawe hae, ua nani maikai, akā, nani nawaliwali pīhoihoi moku i ka welelau o ke "kanu" i ka nalu. A drastic lilo o ka holo 'ano. Eia hou, ke kime hiki ole maʻamau hoʻohana ma-papa mea kaua me na mea kaua.

Other avionics

Ma luna o laila, he ekolu mahu mīkini hana wāwahie i ke paka ma ke alaʻikena anakahi uila o 80 V, kā lākou mau huina nona iho i 144 kW. I ia mau lā ka mea, ua hanaia loa maikai.

Ma ka papa 'ē aʻe ekolu Martin i ka heleuma i ua hoʻouka kekahi. Eia hou, e kōkua tactical hakakā ka hoʻokoloʻana 'ikepili i mālama eono pāpaho i. Ma keia hihia, elua o ia ke aupuni 'ma Mars, a me ka eha - ma ka hope a me ka ihu o ke alahaka.

E hōʻoia i ka ike loea pilina moku lawe hae, Japan (like me ia ma nā mea a pau mua hihia) kakauinoa i ka aelike me ka Italia poe "Marconi". Radio kukuna'ōʻia ma waena o ka pea nui a me ka pea nui kia. Palapala huahelu i nele i ka hola 180 mile.

No ka hoʻopakele moku iloko o torpedoing hoakaka mai kēia mau waʻa 'o ia hoʻi 15 o okoa nui like' ole.

Hakakā noi, Port Arthur

08/02/1904 (New Style - January 26) battleship "Mikasa" hele mai i ka mokupuni a, i ka pili koke ana i ka Port Arthur. I ka hora elima o ke ahiahi ka mea, ua ma luna o ka moku lawe hae kia kaluha i hōʻike 'ia, kahi o i heluhelu: "E ma luna o ka hoouka ma ka mālama'-i koho kumumanao. Pōmaikaʻi. " Iwa o ka February "Mikasa" (i loko o ka squadron o ewalu battleships), hele 'ana i Port Arthur, a hana i ka Lūkini'auwaʻa.

I 11 ka mea, ua weheʻia ka papa kuhikuhiE ahi ke ahi, a me ko kakou mau moku e i ka mamao o ko 46,5 uwea ka lōʻihi, mai ona aku. A mau kekona hope o ka moku lawe hae kākoʻo ke ahi i nā moku o na Kepani i koe, ka wa ma hope o ka mea, hoomaka ae la e kuikui Lūkini ironclads a me ka aina iuo aaoa?.

Kela manawa, i 11,16 ia i kākau i ka pololei LIKE i loko o ka "Mikasa" 254-mm o lele. Ua kūpono ma ka poho i ka pea nui, a me ka luku ana o (hapa) mahope o ke alahaka. Poino ehiku kanaka. A mau minuke ma hope - hou pa, a laila, ku i ka mainmast. Ma ka liʻiliʻi loa, ekolu manawa ma ka shrapnel haehae kaua ia? Aiina, a aneane koke kaulia ma wahi. At 11,45 Adimarala Togo, ke battleship luna, kauoha ka squadron e kuemi hope.

I ia manawa, ai ka battleship "Mikasa" poho a e ole ho i ke ala hoʻoweliweli, ka mea hiki ke hoʻomau i ke kaua. Togo i na moku mai o ka i 'ae' Hawaiian ahi o na pu ki mea lele a, a hiki ma hope o ka hookahi LIKE, ka mea hiki ke hoouna aku nei au i ka moku a hiki i ka lalo.

Ma ia lā, ua i pu ia e kekahi o na aoao elua o ke kaua i kekahi manaʻoi ka pomaikai. I ka wā e hiki mai a me ka "Mikasa" oi nui a pau i hana, akā, i kona waapa e hoʻokele i koʻu i kekahi mau manawa loa hoʻopilikia maoli kekahi Lūkini battleships.

Tsushima

Ma ke kakahiaka wai 1905 battleship Mikasa Ua pili kēia hoihoi hou ia ma hope o ka kaua. Haawi mai i ka ike o ka mua kaua, ke Kepani kauoha kiʻekiʻe kauoha e me ka nui loa hoʻonui i ka ammunition ma luna o ka moku. A ua pono ia i ka loa Kepani ma May 14 i loko o 13.10 minuke, i ka wa a ka kaua o Tsushima.

Ke kaua ana aku ma mua o ka lā. Iloko o keia manawa, ke Kepani battleship "Mikasa" loaa ma kahi o 40 ka hili (a ia mea - wale nō ka mea nui). Ka hapa nui o ia mea i loko o ka 305-mm o leho. Loa huli unlucky kolu casements 152 mm o ka pū. Kona hale ua loaa ia ia 305-mm o Lūkini iwi. E like me ka hopena, i pepehi ma kahi o eiwa kanaka. Ka moku Ua loa Pomaikai ke i ole detonated ammunition.

Ma hope o nā hola ma ka ia wahi (!) He 152 mm o lele. Kēia manawa pepehi mau'ē aʻe luina, akā, i ka Naita me ia i loko o ka mua hihia, ma ka hauʻoli coincidence, i käpae '. Other poino, kena ae la i ka OAAIeOO o kekahi mau pū mai o ka hana, i loko o ka mau o ka wahi i hoomaka ai, e lūlū aku iā mea pepehi kino kapa kila papa.

Akā, hikiʻoi aku ka luna i? Iaie? O Sepatemaba 11 ma luna o ka waihona ipu ma Sasebo. A nō i hoʻokumu i nā kumu no ka i detonated loa o ka ma-papa ammunition. Battleship "Mikasa" (a i ka Hawaii photo i loko o ka 'atikala), hele koke aku i ka lalo. Ua ho'ōla mai i kona kŘpa a uuku ka hohonu, akā,ʻo loko o ia mau rula, wale i ka ha o ka ho'āʻo 'ana o ke ola o ka pomaikai. Koke pepehi 256 na luina, i hana ino iki mai 343 hou kanaka, a me ka a laila hoao ona.

A nui puka i loko o ka papa hoopili iho la ia, a ma hope o 11 mahina o ka moku ua hoʻi i loko o nā kaua. Naʻe, ka mea, i kekahi mau makahiki no ka liquidation hope loa o ka hopena o ka catastrophe. Iloko o ka First World War ka moku i patrolling i ka mokuna o Japan, komo i loko o ka piʻiʻana, e kū ana i loko o ka Bay o Vladivostok.

Eia hoi, mai ka Moana moku i kipaku i ka 1923. Ma ke ala, i kekahi, a no ke ike i ka moku "Mikasa" (Battleship). Where mea keia moku kēia manawa? He ku i loko o Yokosuka.

Incidentally, i ke kaʻina hana o ka hou 'i loko o ka iau battleship ia iho i na nā kānakaʻenehana i ka hailona o ka pilikia. Mua, ka mea, ua pono i ka eli ana i ka nunui maloo pae, hoʻopiha ia me ka wai ... a laila e ia i ka moku a me ka loa omo i ka pae. Ka moku nō kū, uhukiia i ke kahi ma luna o ka waterline, me he mea piha makaukau no ka mea hou kai eʻe.

Kona kiʻi ua hoʻomano hoʻohana 'ia i loko o ke akamai. No laila, e kaumaha aku oe i ka battleship "Mikasa" pepa oe e hiki kokoke i na souvenir Shop. Eia hou, i ka moku hiki ke ike i na mea he nui wikiō lealea, ka mea, ua pinepineʻia ai i loko o ka moʻokalaleo.

kahi paa

No laila, pehea ka nui o auaneʻi i ka battleship Mikasa? Ke kükohu i kona English ka molekumu o, akā, i kēia kanaka maoli o Albion hoao nui hakuloli i ka Japanese kaiapuni.

Incidentally, ka mea, ua England, ma ka mea, ua pomaikai, mai ke kūkulu mai o ka moku. Mua, ke aupuni i ka manawa e lawe i ka 'oihana i loko o ka shipyards. Ka lua (akā,ʻaʻole ka liʻiliʻi), kokoke pau "e pili pū ana me nā huahana" e like ka pauka Japanese i kuai lilo mai i loko o ka UK.

Akā, ua nui aku kona nui i ka hana: Pelekāne mākaukau loa aʻo i ka pomaikai o na Kepani i loko o ka Lūkini-Japanese War, hoʻoholo i ka hopena, e Time], ka hoʻoholo 'ana e pono e Hōʻano hou i kona mau'auwaʻa. A ia mea - me ka hui ana i ke kaua!

Just pehea maikaʻi i ka battleship "Mikasa"? Project loiloi 'Ua kiʻekiʻe. Mau loea, e hoailona oukou i ka puke maikai, a hiki hale noho, me na mea kaua maikai, maikaʻi ka pono lako a pan o ka moku. mea e like ai kapa kila kila ua pakahi aku la ia i aloha kuaiia: ināʻaʻole no kona waiwai, a laila, i ka 1905, o ka moku paha, ina e ola kanaha pololei ka hili.

Eia kekahi, armadillo "Mikasa" (na kii e hooiaio aku ia) i he kilakila hakakā survivability. Ua Ua loaʻa ma ka naauao hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha o watertight compartments.

A me ka mea mau i nā hewa o ke kumuhana? Ka mea, he la no hoi na mea he nui. Mua, ua kuhikuhi mua mākou mai ka welelau o ka moku o ke "kanu" a hiki ma haʻahaʻa nalu. ʻO ka lua,ʻo Kepani'akimalala initially makemake i kekahi moku me ka cruising māmā holo o 25 knots, akā, ma ka ike maopopo, o ka battleship hiki wale hōʻeleu i ke 18 knots.

Eia naʻe, i kēia mau he trifles. Ma ka hana pono, e huli mai i ka mea wale nui drawback i ka uuku ammunition. Nō hoʻi, ua loaʻa nā kānakaʻenehana i ka mea lawe hou no ka nui ilpko o pu o ka papa kuhikuhiE ahi.