E hoomaka kahua o ka hoʻonaʻauao a me nā kumu o ka Great Northern War. Ka hopena o ka Hawaiian War

He aha ka mea i loko o ke kakahiaka nui umikumamahiku kenekulia, Lūkini kuwaho? Great Northern War - ke paio no ka mokuna o ka Baltic Kai - i mea no ka walaʻauʻana, aʻano nui kekahi hanana i loko o kēlā mau makahiki. Ke kaua ana iwakalua-hoʻokahi makahiki. Kekahi kapa aku ia i ka Great Northern War, a me kekahi - He iwakālua nā Year. I mau, i ke kaua ma waena o kaʻahahui o ka'ākau Europa, aina, a me ka Kuekene aupuni a pau, hoomaka ae la i ka 1700, a pau i ka 1721.

Nā'āina kaua i ka'āina hoʻoili o ka Baltic nā panalāʻau e. Eia naʻe, i pau ai i ke kaua me ka pio o Kuekene. Akā, i ke kaua i pau ai, no ka mea, mākou a pau, ma neia hope aku e hele mai i ka pau, a me ka mea opiopio Russian aupuni a pau i hana ia maʻEulopa. Ua waiwai ka ikaika'auwaʻa, a he kilakila poe koa. Kona kapikala o St. Petersburg. He ua ma luna o ke kahakai o ka Baltic kai.

No laila, ma ka hāpai 'o King Augustus II o Poland, a poe koho o Saxony Northern kuikahi i hanaia. Kēia hui initially hai mai la kaua ma Kuekene. The Hawaiian kuikahi i hui Rusia, alai ae e Peter I, a me ka Norewai-Denemaka aupuni, kona poo ua Korol Kristian ka Elima.

Ma hope o ka moʻo o ka uila lanakila ma ka Kuekene 1700 North Union e hina. Eia, Denmark i haʻalele i ke kahua kaua i ka 1700, a me Saxony aku la lakou i ka 1706. ka Lūkini moku'āina i ke kaua me ka Swedes ma luna o lākou iho, akā, ma ka 1709, ua hoihoi hou ia ka Northern Union. Kuʻina o ka Great Northern War oko mai kekahi i kekahi: i ka mea ma kaʻaoʻao Lūkini kaua Prussia, ka Netherlands, ka Hannover. A me Kuekene ka mua kaua kōkua England (mai 1707 - Pelekane Nui), a laila, Holstein, a me ka Ottoman aupuni a pau.

Ukrainian Cossack pu me Zaporozhian Cossack mahele ae, a me kekahi mea i kākoʻo Kauai a me Kuekene, akā,ʻano nui ka pilina Lūkini koa. E like me ka hopena, Rusia ua hiki ke • loaʻa houʻana mai o ka mea kahiko Lūkini aina i loko o ka Baltic States, nalowale i ka popilikia manawa.

No ke aha la i ke kaua?

He aha nō ka nui kumu o ka Great Northern War? E ka ho'āʻo e pane i kēia nīnau. Ua uaʻike ia i ka hoʻomaka o ka umikumamawalu kenekulia Kuekene aupuni a pau i ka Hoʻohaku aupuni i loko o ka Baltic kai. Eia hou kekahi, ka mea i manaoia kekahi o na alakai'āina maʻEulopa. 'O kēia ka moku'āina nona kekahi paa hapa o ka Baltic kahakai: ka Baltic loaʻa i ka makana, ka holoʻokoʻa mokuna o ke awawa, hapa o ka hema kapakai o ka Baltic kai.

He hana hoihoi 'ia i ka 1697, ua hoonohoia he umikumamalima Charles ka umikumamalua i ke poo o Kuekene. Hoalauna Kuekene huki ae hoʻolohe i kona mau makahiki opiopio a me ka helu ana ma ka oluolu lanakila: ka Norewai-Denemaka aupuni, Saxony a me Rusia e ho'āʻo ana e e i hoʻopiʻi iā Kuekene ma luna o kona panalāʻau. Mau mana ekolu i hana i ka Northern kuikahi, ao ke kahua ona i ke alii o Poland, a poe koho o Saxony August II. Kēia kanaka i makemake e hoolilo i Livonia (Livonia), kekahi o Kuekene i makemake i kona mana i loko o ka mokuaina hooikaika. Ma ke ala, Livonia i pau ai i loko o ka lima o Kuekene i kulike ai me ka maluhia kuikahi o Oliwa i ka 1660.

He aha, kipaku Denmark i ke kue me Kuekene? O ka holo ana, no ka lōʻihi-paa makemake e Kīwala'ō i ka Baltic kai. Ua ua i ka 1658, Carl Gustav X i ke kai eʻe ma Denemaka Jutland uhai ikeia. Ua mea hoi ma ka hema o ka Scandinavian Peninsula hopu kekahi mau'āina. Denmark i, e haawi mai i ka ohi ana i ka uku, mai moku i maalo ae ma ka pilikia o Zundsky. Ma ke alanui, me ka mana mau makahiki no ka hooponopono ana i ka hema hoalauna Denmark - duchy o Schleswig-Holstein.

Kumu o ka Great Northern War i moe i loko o ka kēia: Russian Auguseto Peter I, ma hope o nā kūkākūkā me Augustus hui i ka Northern kuikahi hope. Kēia hanana i, ua hoopuka ia ma ka palapala o ka hoopahaohaoia'na o ka aelike. Land kuleana Rusia i Kuekene me Ingria a me Karelia: kēia mau'āina i ua pio ma ka Time o ka pilikia ma Kuekene i kulike ai me ka aelike Stolbovo 1617. Rusia i kekahi,ʻaʻole averse hoohui aina a me Livonia, no ka mea, o ko lakou malalo iho a hiki i Rusia ma ke kenekulia umikumamakahi, e hoomanao i kaʻoihana - o ka mokuna o ka wa kahiko manao "patrimony" o ka Lūkini luna.

He hana hoihoi 'ia i loko o ke kaʻina hana o ka kaua 1656-1658 ka Russian koa ua hiki no i kekahi manawa, e noho ma ka hikina loa o Livonia, a Ingria. Na Lūkini hoopio aku Noteburg Nienschanz a me Dinaburg, ai hoopuniia i Riga. Akā, i ke kaua me Poland i laila, a loaʻa iā ia Rusia, e kakau i ka maluhia kuikahi Kardissky - Kuekene i naʻi i ka aina a pau i hoi mai la.

He hana hoihoi 'e noiʻi i nā kumu o ke Great Northern War - o ke ki, e hoʻomaopopo i ke kilakila kaua. Penei, ka Lūkini mana hoʻolako 'ia e ka oihana pilina me Europe Via Arkhangelsk - ka wale awa ma ka White Sea. Eia ka mea, ua he kaumaha a me ka ole hoʻokele, a ua loa huikau o ka oihana. A i loko o ka mahinaʻai o ke shipbuilding a me nā holo kai ma luna o ka White Sea ua he nui backlog. I mau, me ka 'āpana o ke komo ana i ka Baltic Sea ua manaoia he nui aneiai hana no Rusia.

'Aʻole ia i makemake ai nani maikai kumu Hawaiian War? Ma ke ala, He nīnūnē ololi i loko o ka hiki ana mai kaua Rusia i ka hopena o ke kaua me Tureke. Constantinople Aloha kuikahi i kakauinoaia July 3, 1700 a me August 18, me Tureke i hai aku i ka maluhia hope loa. Eia hoi ma August 19, Rusia hai aku kaua ma Kuekene. Koke a pau Kuekene waiwai ma Moscow, hoomaka ae la e lakou waiwai e like me ka lānai hou hoopukaia kānāwai. Ka mea, i weheʻia i loko o ka lokomaikai o ka Lūkini waihonakala. I ka Ia manawa,ʻo ia i hopu ia ma Moscow, a me ka Kuekeneʻelele.

Casus Belli noonoo likeʻole pilikia, o ka oi aku ma pilikino hewa i ka 1697. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, ka mea, ua laila, ua Peter I, hele i Europa, Swedes anu hālāwai ma Riga. I ka Ia manawa aina kuleana i i oleloia.

omaka kaua

Ke komo ana o ka Great Northern War ka oko ao kekahi nā mea hiki. No ka laʻana, o ka umikumamawalu makahiki kahiko Kuekene King Karl XII ua "ma ka aloha me ka kaua." He ua he poʻokela tactical flair. No laila, ua hiki ke loaa i ka moʻo o nā lanakila na Swedes i loko o nā hostilities mua. Naʻe, i ka wiwoʻole koa Karl XII ua he loa ino politician:ʻo ia pakuhi i luna, a ia ia iho, a me kona poe koa unfeasible kaua AIM.

Kona papa kuhikuhiE enemi o Petero I huli vysokoodaronnym luna, koa strategist a me ka hoʻokuhikuhi. Eia hou kekahi, ka mea i manaoia he loa kālai'āina naʻauao a me ka loea diplomat. O ka holo ana, ia i Haunted e ka ole ma ka hoʻomaka o ke kaua, akā, ma ka hopena o ka poe ua holomua. Ma hope o Karl XII i nui loa hewa.

Ke Kaua o ka Northern Kaua ma kekahi alanui i kākoʻo 'ia a me Ayuka Khan. Keia Kalmyk alii i hanau ma Dzungaria. He E neʻe i i umikumamalua makahiki ma ka Volga'āina, kahi āna i kukala aku ai i ka mea mua Kalmyk taisha mau poʻe a pau. Ke Lūkini Aupuni Ua hoʻomaka 'ana naʻe me ka Kalmyks, a ma ia mea, ua hiki ke hana i mau hoa me ia. Rusia i ka manawa i ke kulekele ua ikaika hooluoluia mai Ayuka. Akā,ʻo ia ae ia e hoʻohana i kona poe koa ma ka Great Northern War kaua.

Denmark kai eʻe

Ke komo ana o ka Great Northern War, o Säkona kaua hoʻopilikia Riga, 12 February 1700. Naʻe, i ka moe o Auguseto II i ole destined ia e hooko: Livonian ike ole kapakahi me na attackers, a me ka mahele i loko o August o ka pomaikai ua i loaʻa. King Frederick IV o Denemaka, ma Augate o ka hookahi makahiki hoi i hahai i ka Holstein-Gottorp duchy ma ka hema o ka moku'āina. Eia naʻe, he umi tausani Kuekene koa, ka mea i alakai Karl XII, i hopu ia e haohao pae kokoke Copenhagen Danes. Denmark Ua haʻakoi e uhaki ai i ke kuikahi me Auguseto II: August 7 iholaʻo ia i ke kakau i ka maluhia Kuikahi Travendalsky.

Russian hele ma Ingermanland

A, ano, e nana i ka papa kuhikuhiE hanana o ka Hawaiian War. Ua ua ike ia ka maluhia Kuikahi o Constantinople Peter loaaʻi ka memo ma luna o August 18. Ua i ole, ua kiʻi i Denmark oki ae koa ana, a no laila, ma August 19, oia hai aku la ke kaua ma luna o Kuekene. E like me ka hopena, Lūkini lākou poʻe kaua a hemo ka kūpono '.

Mua, Rusia pūlima i ka hoao ana 'aelike me Augustus II, e like me ka mea ka mea, ua i loaa Ingermanland (aka o ka Kuekene Ingria). Kēia aupuni o ka nui o ke kala pono hoʻopili like i ka Leningrad māhele 'āina.

He hana hoihoi 'ia ma luna o ka mokuna ma waena o Estonia, a Ingermanland i kauʻia he kilakila kulanakauhale, a me ka nui Kuekene pā kaua ma ka aina - Narva. Kēia pā lilo i pale umauma hoʻokahi no ka mea Lūkini luna.

Aole anei o ka mea oiaio, ua nui ka nohona a me ka nani loa o nā kapuwaʻi o ka Hawaiian War? E noonoo oe i ka hele ana a hiki i ka Narva. Ua Ua hoʻonohonoho 'ia ma ka Akuma ka, ia mea kēia huakaʻi hele. Food ua hiki ole no ia, na koa i starving. Lio, e hali ana i pono, hānai hanaʻino wale i ka mea make-aku la, hoomaka ae la. I waena o nā mea a pau, ka mea, hoomaka ae la e hoʻoua, i ke alanui ana deteriorated i loko o ka ukana kaʻa wawahi ae la i mau.

Nui o Petero au makemake e houluulu kokoke Narva ma kanaono tausani koa. Eia naʻe, i ka poe koa hoʻoneʻe i loko o ka wahi loa lohi, a kāʻili aʻela i na manao a me ka manawa o ke alii. E like me ka hopena o ka hoʻopuniʻana o Narva, 14 October, a i mālamaʻia koa 40 wale tausani.

I ka pua ana o Narva

He aha ka oi kaulana Great Northern War? A manawa pōkole nana i ka pua ana o Narva. Ka hanana Ua hoʻonohonoho poorly. Pū ae hoʻolele i ke kulanakauhale hoao iho la ia e ineffective, me Lūkini lākou poʻe kaua i hoʻohana pū LBW. A, lawa ammunition wale no ka mau o ka pule.

Narva - he pā me ka e pili kaulua Ivangorod. No ia mea, Potru I, kino, e ka manaʻo i ka pua, ia ia e hohola like ka nui me ka hiki i ka poʻe hao wale Lūkini, nā ma ka ia manawa puni i ka pā kaua. Oia ka hoʻoponoponoʻana o Kamehameha no ka mea Lūkini koa i Ua loa pōʻino: ka kekahi manawa i ke kaua o Narva, e kuʻuʻia lākou kaua nona iho.

Aha i lawe August II? Ma hope o ka loaa ana 'ike e pili ana i ka kokololio withdrawal, mai ke kaua ana ma Denmark, la oia i koke aku Riga hoʻopuni, aku la lakou a hiki i Kurland. I ka papa o ka Hawaiian War i hoʻololi: mililani aku i na hana o Auguseto II Karl XII ua hiki ke hoolilo hapa o kona poe koa ma ke kai i loko o Pernau (Parnu). He pae ma laila ma luna o 'Okakopa 6, a hele aku la i Narva, hoʻopilikiaʻia e ka Lūkini kaua.

Eia, ma ka po o November 18, General-Field Ilamuku helu Golovin, pu me Petero I haʻalele i ka poʻe kaua - ka mea, hele aku la i Novgorod. Ke alii ia o ka kiʻekiʻe kauoha o ka ili i ka kiʻekiʻe - malihini i ka Duke de Ka Croy. I ka poe koa o Charles XII November 19, 1700 kena ae i ka Lūkini kaua i loko o ke kaua o Narva he kaumaha pio. Interestingly, ka Kuekene koa helu 25 tausani kanaka, a me Russian - ma kahi o 40 tausani.

Iloko o ka Hawaiian War Fun hana hōhē wale Duke de Ka Croy, ka mea i mua o nā kuleana kaua i haawi Karl XII. Akā, a kaili aku la i kekahi, akā, pu me kona kookoo, haku o nā malihini. A mahope iho o na poho a pau o ka Lūkini kaua mea no i oi i ka Kuekene heluna. Akā, ma ka November 21 ia hookuu mai ai ia i ka bulk o na kauoha a ke Duke o Croy.

It E e hoʻomaopopo i ka Life kiai Semenov a me Life kiai regiments staunchly kokua mai ka Swedes. Lakou i wale nele i ka pale aku i ka hilahila capitulation, akā, no hoi, e uhi i ka hee ana o ka Lūkini poʻe hao wale, ma laila ka pale 'ia mai ka hope loa pio. No ka mea ikaika hoike mai i loko o keia kaua, o ka regiment ka poe koa i loko o 1700-1740 i i hookoiaʻulaʻula anal: ma ka hoomanao ana i ka mea i "ka mea, e noho ana i loko o keia kaua o ka iho i loko o ke koko."

I ka hope o ke kai eʻe

Ke Kaua o ka Hawaiian War pau ma naʻano likeʻole. No ka laʻana, i ka hopena o ke koa ana ma Narva ma kaʻaoʻao Lūkini ua weliweli: ka poho mortally hoehaia, make, mehameha, poho iho la lakou, make iho la o ke anu a me ka pololi, he ma waena oʻewalu, a he umi tausani kanaka. Eia hou kekahi,ʻehiku haneri kanaka, me heʻumi nā kenelala kaulana a me kanalima-kumamaono luna e noho ana ma ka noho pio ana, i nalowale 179 o ka 184 pu. Ua ua i ka poino.

Nā kumu no ke pio o ka poʻe kaua Lūkini

Kekahi o na kaua o ka Hawaiian War i pau i ka make. E ka nana aku i na kumu no ka pio ana o ka Lūkini kaua i loko o ke kaua o Narva. Mua, o ka poe koa i disgustingly makaukau i ke kaua me kaʻenemi ikaika. Eia hoʻi, ka mea, ua i loko o ka anu u reorganization. Ka lua, o ka poe koa, ua poorly mākaukau i ke kaua, a i ole ike ana e kaua aku i nā kānāwai o ka laina nā kaʻa mokulele, lawe mai reconnaissance poe mikanele. Mea kaua ua antiquated a me ka diversiform. I ka mea, ua loaʻa iā ia i ia manawa, ua oi aku iwakalua-kumamalima kekahi mau calibers - keia nuance hoeha nui hampered kona lako hou o ka ammunition. A eia ka mea hope, o ka mea nui wahi: aole he mau aupuni e kauoha 'ole i loko o ka Lūkini kaua. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, i ka papa kuhikuhiE kauoha kulana noho ana ma ka'āina'ē luna.

Ma Europa, ma hope o ka hoʻokō 'ole' ana o kekahi mau makahiki, ua manaoio ia mea ihola ia ukele no ka hakakā i nā Lūkini kaua. I ka Ia manawa Charles XII Kuekene inoa kapakapa Aleksandrom Makedonskim.

He aha nō i ka papa kuhikuhiE hanana o ka Hawaiian War i wahi ma hope o ka pio ana o ka Lūkini kaua ma Narva? Peter au i ka mea e hiki mai ana ka anu u: ia i kaupalena i ka helu ana o na luna i loko o ka puali koa. ka mea, e hoike no wale i ka hapakolu o ka huina helu o na ilamuku o ka 'Oihana.

Ua mea noteworthy i ka pio ma Narva hoʻokani i ke kūlana nunui i loko o ka ulu ana o Lūkini poʻe kaua, a me ka mōʻaukala o ka moku'āina. Kākau moʻolelo Pokrovsky aku la ia mea a pau Lūkini kuleana i loko o ke kaua nui a hiki i kekahi waiwai komo i ke kai, a hiki i ka oihana a me ka ho onui ana ka hooponopono o ka Baltic awa. I mea no ke aha la o Petero ma ka kuʻina kakahiaka o ke kaua i uku nānā 'ana i ka Baltic na awa - Riga a me Narva. Eia naʻe,ʻo ia i ae mai i ka palaoa pio ma Narva, a ua hookukeia'ku ia a hiki i ka wahi o kēia St. Petersburg. Petero hoʻoholo i kūkulu i ka hou awa a me ke kulanakauhale ma ka waha o ka Neva muliwai - i ka wā e hiki mai kapikala o ka Russian aupuni a pau.

Lūkini kai eʻe

No laila, au hoomau i ka Hawaiian War. Pokole i ho'ākāka 'ia ma hope Lūkini kai eʻe, akā, capacious. O ka holo ana, o Petero au i hoʻomaopopo ai i nā kumu ke kumu o ka poʻe hao wale Lūkini i make ma Narva. Ano ka mea, ua i ka piha Loaʻaʻia o ke aupuni, hoʻouna akula a me ka hoʻomākaukau kaua no ke kaua me Kuekene. He hana i ka regular koa hou, ka hoʻomaikaʻi konaʻaha hui 'ole, nenoaiu o ke aʻo a me ka hoʻonaʻauao, ka loaʻa o ka mea hope loa lako a pan.

He renews mea kaua - ho'ēmi i kā ka helu o calibers, ka mea, i kēia manawa, he 12. wale Ma ka aoao o Peter I no ka palena iki wā o ka hou i nā mea hana i nā haneri kānaka i ua ua'omoʻomoʻia. It E e kaulana i kekahi o nā pū i i mai ka ekalesia bele hopu i ka waihona kālā, a hehee. E like me ka hopena, o Petero hoopaa iho ai i ka ikaika ma hope o ka holo pono o Narva, a laila, i ke kūpono 'ana ma ke kūkulu'ākau.

Kaua ma Ingria

E like me ka kaua hoʻomau North? Pokole hoike i ka hope papa o nā hanana. Ua ua ike ia ke kumu nui koa o Kuekene komo i loko o nā kaua i loko o Saxony a me ka mokuaina. Lawe ka lanakila o kekahi minute i ka 1701 Peter kena ae ai i ke kūkulu'ākau, e hoʻoili i ka hou kūpono '. A laila, i ka Lūkini poʻe hao wale i kauoha mai ai ma ka Boris Sheremetev ka mea, hooukaia mai Ingermanland (Ingria), a laila, waiho e Kuekene, December 30, 1701 ma ka kaua o Erestfere lanakila ma ka Northern Kaua no kona lanakila 'mua.

Oiai ka Kuekene koa i kauoha mai ai e General Slippenbach. A i loko o Iulai 1702 ma ke kaua o Gummelsgofa Lūkini kaua luku aku i ka lua o ka manawa o kona mau poe a pau.

E like me ka hopena o ka hoʻomaka o ka 1703 a pau ma luna o Neva lāʻau Lūkini.

Kaua ma Estonia, a Livonia

I mau, i ka hope o ka Great Northern War Ua nui 'ole i loko o 1703 - i kona paʻaʻana Rusia hoi malalo o kokoke a pau o ka aina Ingermanlandii. I ka 1704, i ka Lūkini koa hoomauia kona kūpono '. Ua mea ma lalo o ke kauoha o Sheremeteva Borisa ma ke kau, 1704, hele mai i Livonia, a hoopilikiaia i Dorpat. Ua laweʻia ka pā kaua ma July 1704 me ka pilikino komo o Petero I.

Ma hope o kēia mau hanana, i ka lua o ka pae ana o Lūkini koa hoopuniia i Narva, a hele aku la Estland. A laila, kauoha mai la ka poe koa e Ogilvy. A hele mai la o Petero mai Dorpat, a ma ka hopena o ke kau, i laweʻia i kēia pā kaua. E hoolaulea, hoʻopio o ka Bastille ua nui! Lūkini poʻe hao wale i loko o kēia hana i hōʻike ai i ko lakou, a mahuahua nui nā mākau a me ka maikai loa lako a pan o ka.

Polish kai eʻe

Iloko o ka Hawaiian War, Charles XII i e e he weliweli nui o ka manaʻo hoʻoholo. He hoʻoholo ihola e haʻalele i ka hana hostilities e kū'ē i ka poʻe kaua Lūkini. A makemakeʻo ia e pepehi i ka nui loa ana i ke kaua ma August II. I mau, ua makemake ke Kuekene ke alii Poland e enthrone ia ano mō'ī kahi o Auguseto II. He hoʻoholo ihola e hana mai Rzeczpospolita aooa? Iay ma waena o ka Lūkini, a me ka Swedes.

Eia, i ka Kuekene kaua i loko o July 1701, me ke ku e i ka pono rebuff, ma kela aoao o ka Dvina, a hoopio iho la ia Livonia. He hana hoihoi i ka Polish kai eʻe i pau ai i ka hopu ana o ka luna o ka Kuekene, a me ka lanakila o ka Lūkini kaua.

Kaua o Rusia

Ka hopena o ka Northern Kaua o ka hoihoi i ka poe a pau i mea ole indifferent i ka mōʻaukala. Akā, e mākou mua noʻonoʻo i ka 1707 - ka a pau makahiki Kuekene kaua i loko o Saxony. I loko o kēia wā, Karl XII ke uhi poho, a me ka nui loa hooikaika i ka poe koa. A i ka hoʻomaka o ka 1708 i ka Swedes hele i Smolensk. Kekahi manaʻo i mua ka mea, manaʻo e pepehi i ka nui loa i loko o ke ala e hiki aku o Moscow. Peter,ʻaʻole au i i ka enemi i na manao: Russian wahi i huikau ma ka lā.

Na Koa Council ma Starish

Ua loa hana hoihoi i ka waiwai o ka Hawaiian War, o kela mea keia nuance i alakaʻi ai i kona hoʻokūkū. No ka laʻana, 11-13 September 1708 ma ka liʻiliʻi kauhale o Smolensk wale, e kuka no ke kaua ana o ke Kuekene ke aliʻi me kona mau pūkaua nui. Ka mea, ua ka easternmost wahi o ka neʻeʻana Kuekene kaua i ke kaua o Rusia.

Ke koa nō i ka ninau o ka hou neʻeʻana o ka Kuekene kaua. Kekahi i kaumaha aku ai, e hele i Moscow Via Smolensk, oiai kekahi poe makemake e neʻe ana i ke kūkulu hema, Ukraine. Eia naʻe, ka mea Kuekene koa pono i ka poe i koe: na koa i pau ai i ka ai a me ka ammunition pohole, ka hapanui o ia maʻi. Eia naʻe Hetman Ivan Mazepa hoomauia ka Swedes i kākoʻo mai o ka Ukrainian heluna kanaka, a ua koho ka mea, i ka neʻeʻana i loko o ka Ukraine.

Poltava

O ka holo ana, i ka mōʻaukala manaʻo nui o ka Great Northern War nui loa nui no ka Russian. Lakou lanakila June 27, 1709 ma ka kaua o Poltava, a vainly, a me ka paa pōʻino precipitated ma ka Swedes.

Ua ua ike ia ma hope o kēia nui kaua Karl XII peʻe ana ma ka Ottoman aupuni a pau, a hookonokono ae la i ke Suletana Ahmed III, e lawe koa 'ana ma luna o Rusia. Menshikov, kekahi o na koa, luku aku la i ka poe kaua aliʻi o Kuekene, ka Emperor Peter I no ka lawe ana kekahi i loko o ke kaua o Poltava hanohano alii o Field Ilamuku.

I ka hope o ke kaua

Ka hopena o ka Hawaiian War vague a ua loiloi 'loa okoa. Kekahi paipai i ka pio ana o Kuekene, oi loa aku hoi i hapa o ka ikaikaʻahahui (Saxony, Denmark, Rzeczpospolita), a me ka ai komo i ka Lūkini iwakālua makahiki Baltic Sea ua i koi 'ia.

He nui nā 'ike i ke kaua radically hoʻololi i ke koena o nā kaua i loko o ka Baltic Sea: Rusia i manawa i loko o kēia wahi a puni pepehi i ka nui keiki. A ki hana kau e Peter I, o ka papa, i ua kane manaopaa, - Rusia loaa komo i ke kai, a hoomaka ae la e hookupaa i malina kālepa meʻEulopa.

Pehea ke ano o ka mihiʻana o Petero i ka Great Northern War? Mihi, mahalo ia ia, i loaa wale i kekahi momentum. It E e kaulana ia Petero i ole no ka i ole ana i kekahi kekona kona mihiʻole. Kona mākau alu nā mea hoʻololi i ka manawa i kaua pilikia.

Incidentally, ka Great Northern Kaua o 1700-1721ʻano ikaika 'ole ia e Rusia - ka aina ua hoano e kaumaha hoʻokele waiwai a me ka helu wehewehe hoʻoponopono ulia. A i loko o ka mōʻaukala o Finland, ka loa paakiki wā o ke kaua - mai ka 1714 a hiki i 1721 - hele aku la ia ma lalo o ka inoa o ka nui inaina. Kuekene lilo kona mua mana, a huli i ka nīnūnē moku'āina.