Ka ho'ohālike o nā ku'ina kaulike a me kona hilina'i ma ka ha'awina o ke'ano o nā hana hana

All harmonics i ka makemakikaʻa. 'O ko lākou mau waiwai he mea ia e hō'ike ana i ke'ano o nā ana o ke anona, a ua ho'oholo'ia ka pa'akikī e ka pa'akikī o ke ka'ina hana pono'ī, nā waiwai o ka'ōnaehana a me ke'ano o ka hopena o ka hopena.

Eia kekahi la'ana, i loko o nā mechanics, kahi'ānoke o ka pilina o ka ho'oikaika'ana he'ano ia o:

- ka'āpana'ākau;

-'a'ohe kaona;

- ka ne'e'ana o ke kino kino, kahi e hele ai ma kahi huaka'i o ke kinipona a i'ole ka hopena, a ma muli o ka manawa.

Ma muli o kēia mau waiwai, hiki iā mākou ke hā'awi i ka hoohalike o nā'āpana'āpana aloha, a me ke'ano:

X = A cos ωt a i ole ke ano x = A sin ωt, kahi o x ka huina kakanua, A o ka amplitude o ka oscillation, ao ω ka huina.

'O kēia'ano ho'ohālikelike o nā kaulike harmonic he mea nui ia no nā holo'oko'a harmonic, i no'ono'o'ia i loko o nā kinematics a me nā mechanics.

'O ka inoa ωt, ka mea ma kēia'ano i lalo o ke kiko o ka hana pākiko, ua kapa'ia'o ka lā, a ho'oholo ia i kahi o kahi mea kikowaena i kahi manawa i hā'awi'ia i kahi amplitude i hā'awi'ia. I ka noonoo pono i ka cyclic fluctuationsʻeleu ke keʻena mea 2n, e hōʻike i ka helu o ke ÿano kuekueni i loko o ka manawa kalapona, a ua denoted W. I kēia hihia,'o ka'āpana o ka'āpana oscillation o ka'āpana o ia mea he hō'ailona ia o ka nui o ke ka'ina cyclic (ka lō'ihi).

'O ka ho'ohālike o nā'ākuhi harmonic i mana'o'ia e mākou, e like me ka mea i hō'ike mua'ia, hiki ke lawe i nā'ano like'ole, ma muli o nā kumu he nui. Eia kekahi la'ana. E noonoo i ka palena pau helu kaulike o noa harmonic oscillations, kekahi e noonoo i ka mea i ka mea, a pau e mālama i ka attenuation. Ma nā'ano like'ole o nā oscillations,'ike'ia kēia'ano ma nā'ano like'ole: e ho'omaha i ke kino o ke kino, e ho'oku'u i ka'ōlaula ma nā pūnaewele. 'O ke'ano'oi loa loa, e hō'ike ana i ka emi'ana o ka hiki'ana i ke kani, hiki ke ho'ololi i ka ikehu.

O ka hoohalike i noonooia e like me ke ano: d²s / dt² + 2β x ds / dt + ω²s = 0. Ma keia kumuhana: s ka waiwai o ka mea hana e hooiho ai i ka waiwai o keia a i ole ia papahana; β e hoike mau ana i ka heluna attenuation;

'O ka ho'ohana'ana i ia'ano ka mea e hiki ai i kekahi ke ho'okokoke i ka wehewehe'ana o nā hana hana i nā laina pūnaewele mai kahi mana'o ho'okahi, a pēlā nō e ho'olālā a ho'ohālikelike i nā ka'ina hana i ka'ike scientifique a me nā ho'okolohua.

No ka laʻana, ka mea, ua ikeia e pulu ka oscillations oki i ke kahua hope loa o kona hoike ana ia e harmonic, oa ka mahele o ke alapine (frequency) a me ka manawa no ia e lilo wale meaningless a me ka mea i 'ike kuleana.

Ke Classic hana no këia harmonic kuekueni hanaʻia harmonic oscillator. Ma kona'ano ma'alahi, ua'ike'ia ia i kahi pūnaewele e wehewehe ana i ka ho'ohālike'ano like'ole o nā hana holo'oko'a: ds / dt + ω²s = 0. Akā,'o ke'ano o nā hana hana ho'ohālikelike e alaka'i maoli i ka nui o nā mea hana. Ho'opuka mākou i ko lākou mau'ano nui:

- Oscillator punahele - he kī'aha kūikawā, kahi i loa'a kekahi m mass, kahi i ho'omaha'ia ma kahi'ōmole puna. Ho'opi'i'o ia i nā ho'ohui o nā'ano like'ole, kahi i ho'ākāka'ia e ke kumu F = - kx.

- he kapua'i holo'oko'a (ke kikowaena) - he ke'oke'a holo'oko'a e pili ana i kahi axis axis ma lalo o ka mana o kekahi po'e;

- makemakika pendulum (i loko o keʻano kokoke 'aʻole i ana). He kumu ho'ohālikelike maika'i ia o kahi pūnaewele e komo ana i loko o ke kino kino weliweli e loa'a ana kahi kānana i ho'omaha'ia ma luna o kahi kānana māmā.