Pehea ka wa kahiko Nazarbayev? Kawaihae Nursultan Nazarbayev

Nursultan Abishevich Nazarbaev - pelekikena (mua a wale) Kazakh SSR (1990-1991), a me ka Lepupalika o aneea oneiaey (December 1991 - makana). I 1984-1989, alai ae i ka Kazakh SSR Kukamalu o Kuhina, a laila, lilo iho la ia i ka mua kakauolelo o ka Communist Party. Ua ka inoa o "Alakaʻi o ka Nation". I ka 2011, na kanaka hou-koho Peresidena Nursultan Nazarbayev no ka ha o ka manawa. Ma kēia 'atikala oe e e imua o Kawaihae no ka pelekikena o aneea oneiaey. Oe e hoi aʻo e pili ana pehea na makahiki Nursultan Nazarbayev. E ka ka hoʻomaka 'ana.

makua

Nursultan Nazarbayev i hānau i loko o ke kauhale o Chemolgan (Alama-Ata māhele o ka Kazakh SSR) i ka 1940. Makua o ka pelekikena wā e hiki mai i pū ma ka mahiai. Makua - Abisa - au i hele mai, mai ka ohana Nazarbaya pepehi ana, a me kona makuwahine - Alzhan - 'ohana kauhale mullahs Kasyk. Nursultan makuakane uaʻoliʻoli a me ka hanohano kanaka. Ma waho aʻeo ia ka Kazakh, uaʻike nō Lūkini, a Balkar 'ōlelo a pau. Abisa ke aloha i hīmeni Lūkini, a Kazakh mele, ua mau loa ko oukou olioli i ka malihini, a ua hiki ke haawi maikai aʻo. Ano, ia oe i ike pehea kahiko Nazarbayev. Pokole e wehewehe i ka pelekikena o ka ohana.

ohana

Kawaihae Nazarbayev heʻikepili o kona moʻokūʻauhau i ka 12thʻohana. Sam Nursultan ua ike ia mai ke kamaliʻi. I ka walu o ka hanauna o kona pololei mau kūpuna ua Karasai Batyr,ʻikeʻia no kona mau hoʻomanaʻo i loko o ke kaua e kū'ē i djungars (1640-1680 biennium). Nursultan Nazarbayev kapa kupuna kāne. E like me ka palapala archival i ka 1880, oia ua he nui loa ia, i ka wai palaoa me conected ia ia aryk.

A hiki i ka makahiki 1991, ua paʻi i ka puke, "me ka hema a me ka pono", Kazakhs aʻo ole wale e pili ana i ka makahiki o Nazarbayev, akā, heluhelu no hoi e pili ana i nā mea a pau i kona poe hoahanau.

• Kaikuahine - Anipa.
• Brothers - Satybaldy a me Bulat.
• Wahine - Sara Alpysovna. Currently nā luna o ka "Mea moʻokāki no" ke aloha dala.
• Kaikamahine Dariga - Member o hale kanawai, hemo; Alia - ua komo ma ka hana, poai puni i ka hana huakai "Elitstroy"; Dinara - mea he nui mea māhele kea o ka National Bank o aneea oneiaey, o ka moku'āina o $ 1,3 ieeeea?.
• Mākou Nursultan 8 mau moopuna a me 2 nui-moopuna kāinoa mua.

Education, a i kakahiaka nui makahiki

Me nā makahiki 18 like me ka hana. I ka makahiki 1960, i ka wā e hiki mai Peresidena o aneea oneiaey puka 'o ia mai ke kula Vocational ma Dneprodzerzhinsk. I ka makahiki 1967 puka 'o ia i loko o ka oaoieei-kulanui ma ka Karaganda Metallurgical hui pu iho, i ka hana kūikawā "Metallurgical lunaʻenehana".

koke 'oihana

Kūlana hana History Nazarbayev ka hoʻomaka 'ana ma ke kūkulu'ōnaehana "Domenstroy", kahi āna i hana no ka makahiki eiwa - mai ka makahiki 1960 a hiki i ka makahiki 1969. Pela Nursultan e hoʻokele i ka hui pu 'oihana me ka hoʻonaʻauao' ana. Kona tenacity ua i hele unnoticed, a ma ka makahiki 1969, Nazarbayev i ke poo o ke amo a me ka hanalima Oihana ma Temirtau kulanakauhale komite. Eia hou, Ua hoololiia ka pelekikena wā e hiki mai i ka hookuuia Komsomol hana. Management ike pehea kahiko Nazarbayev, akā, mamua o kona manawa'ōpio wale nō Nursultan, ho'ākāka 'ia i kona wahi i loko o ka Komsomol o ke Komite kakauolelo. Ma hope, oia hui ka Regional Aha a lilo i lâlâ o ke kulanakauhale Komite o ka aoao.

Mai ka 1973 i ka makahiki 1984, ua mālama lākou i Kakauolelo o Nursultan. I hui wale nō i loko o ka mea ana i hana. Nazarbayev hana i loko o ka 'āina' aoao komite, a me ka aoao kōmike a me Steel Hana Hou, a hiki ma ka Communist Party.

E ala 'oihana

Ka popoiwi wahi i loko o kāna hana i hele mai i loko o ka makahiki 1980, ka wā Nursultan lilo i Hope o ka Aha Kuka Malu. Ma keia kulana, oia i hana no ka umi makahiki. I loko o kēia wā, Nazarbayev hele mai me he lālā o ka Central ka hōʻoiaʻana Komisina o ka CPSU, a hoike aku ia ia iho me ke kuleana a me ke akamai kanaka.

Pakahi aku la ia mea nui no ka wā e hiki mai ana o ka Peresidena o aneea oneiaey i ka makahiki 1984, ka wā i hoonohoia oia lunahoomalu o ka 'Aha o Kuhina. Ke aupuni i ike pehea kahiko Nazarbayev. He ua 44 wale nō makahiki. Penei, Nursultan Nazarbayev lilo ka muli loa Kuhina Nui Kuhina o ka repubalika.

Na kekahi elima makahiki o ka hana hana uku aku, a ua koho Nazarbayev hope o ka USSR. I ka hapalua like-1989, oia haʻalele like Peresidena o ka 'Aha o Kuhina, e lawe i ke kia o ka mua kakauolelo o ka Communist Party o aneea oneiaey.

Kiure lanakila

April 1990 ua ka happiest ma Nursultan 'oihana. He Ua koho pelekikena o ka Kazakh SSR. Ka lanakila ua nui. Ma ke koho ana, oia ua eo 99 pakeneka mai o 100. kona pomaikai ia haʻi akula i loko o ka makahiki 1999, e holo ana i kona koho pelekikena mana i 7 makahiki. I ka 2005, Nazarbayev i i iho mai, mai ka mau nā kūlana hana. Ma hope o nā mea a pau, hookahi manawa hou i aku la ia ia na kanaka o aneea oneiaey ka loulu. I kakahiaka nui ke koho i ka 2011 Nursultan Nazarbayev i hou-koho no ka ha o ka manawa. No laila, pehea kahiko Nazarbayev i ka mana ma ka minute? I July keia makahiki ia e e pono 26 ka lā o ka hou ke koho - December 2016.

'aoʻao wale nô

Ma mua o ka'opi o ka Soviet Union Nursultan Nazarbayev i loko o ka Communist Party. Ke Kumukānāwai o ke Aupuni Lepupalika o aneea oneiaey he mea ka 'atikala, a ua papa i ke poo o ka moku'āina no a hiki i kekahi aoao paha, e alakai ia. I loko nō o kēia, Nazarbayev kākoʻo i ka aoao "Nur Otan". He alakaʻi iā ia i loko o 2007, ka wā i ke kumukānāwai i hoololiia.

noʻonoʻo loi

Nursultan Nazarbayev nema aku ma luna o eha manaʻo nui: ku okoa ana o ka olelo, palaho, he cult o ke kanaka, a me ka pono kīvila o. E mākou huli ia i loko o au mamuli.

ku okoa ana o ka olelo

International hui "Reporters ole palena" Ua pinepine ae la oia hoʻomaopopo aʻe 'ana o ke ku okoa ana o ka olelo ana ma aneea oneiaey. Rating o ke ku okoa ana o ka olelo i loko o ka Media e ku okoa hale e ukuhi i ka aina ma ka 175 la wahi mai o 197. Anton Nosik (Media kau wela "Live Pai") kapa o ka wahi o ka puke ma aneea oneiaey o ia hoʻi, obscurantist theocracies a me totalitarian dictatorships. A me na hua "Reporters ole mokuna" i Nazarbayev a hiki i ka papa inoa o "Moana" me Media, i i paʻiʻia ma ka International Press ku okoa Day.

ka palaho

Mäliko International i ka 2004 i hookoia aneea oneiaey 122 la i loko o ke ao nei ma ka hua'ōlelo o ka palaho. I ka huina helu o ka'āina i loko o ka papa - 146 2.2 o ka 10 - i ua i ka huina heluʻai o aneea oneiaey. E noke ana ina ke manual mea ma lalo o ka helu 3, e Hōʻike i ke alo o ka aina o "rampant ka palaho". Nursultan Nazarbayev kūkala hope "hemolele kaua", hoopukaia he manifesto noa i ka ' "10 Anati-ka palaho." Ka palapala, e kakau i ka helu o nā ana, e hakakā i kēia kŰia ma nā pae ana o ke kaiāulu a me ka moku'āina. Akā,ʻaʻole ia i i alakaʻi i kekahi hualoaʻa. I ka pau ana o 2013 aneea oneiaey haule i 140 la wahi.

A helu o ka hoʻonohonoho 'NGOs Nazarbayev kauoha i ke Aupuni, e hana i ka helehelena o Anati-ka palaho. Ma naʻe o ke Keʻena Pelekikena o ka 'Eulopa Organization no ke alu like a me ka maluhia i loko o ka makahiki 2010, he nui activists ma ka aina, a ma kahi e olelo ana, e hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia "o ka palaho" a me ka "pono kīvila o hoʻohana pākela i" ma ke aupuni o aneea oneiaey kokoke mai e kekahi hana. Nazarbayev ohana iho embroiled i loko o ka moʻo o ka hoʻokolokolo 'ana i loko o ka hana pepehi, bribery a me ke dala laundering, mālama' ia ma ka'āina'ē aupuni.

"Kazakhgate" ua ka loa notorious palaho hihia i loko o aneea oneiaey. Ua pau ka hoʻomaka 'ana me ka mea i loko o ka makahiki 1999, ua paʻahau Hawaiian e noiʻi i ka helu o ka puʻu e kū pono mooolelo mai i o ia Kazakh luna aupuni o ka lani kiekie loa echelons o ka mana (me Nazarbayev). Ua huli mai i ke dala hoololiia i mau hoike no ka 'Amelikaʻaila poʻe. A makahiki ma hope, i kaʻAmelika Hui Pūʻia hui i loko o ka hoʻokolokolo 'ana a me ka froze mau buke, i ka mea nāna o i i (e like me kā lākou mea mahuʻi) Nursultan Nazarbayev. Ka huina nui o confiscated waiwai nui i $ 1 ieeeea?. I ka 2007, ka Kazakh Aupuni, e kāpae i nā koi ana no ke kālā, a ma ka makahiki 2010, i ka US Lunakanawai Oihana hele nā mea a pau i ka malama ana Nazarbayev, a paa hou mai la i ka hihia.

Cult o ke kanaka

Ua nui nā kānaka moʻolelo Ua kaulana ke ola ana o ka cult o ke kanaka o Nursultan Nazarbayev. Ma ka mau makahiki i hala iho nei, he nui Kazakh luna a me na hoa o ka waiwai, e 'Imi kākoʻo i kēia au. Mau hoa o ka pelekikena ka koi ana i ke aupuni ua ola loa me ka cult o ke kanaka Nazarbayev. Naʻe, i ka aoao Nursultan nā hoapili i kū'ē'ē ai. Aia mea no hoi i ka manao ana, ma ka hopena o ka cult o ke kanaka Nazarbayev "hewa" e na kanaka.

pono kīvila o

Mai ka wahi o ka Hawaii o non-hui, a hui Aliʻi kilo a me nā pono kīvila ma aneea oneiaey i mau i ka wahi o ka pili. E like me ka poe ku okoa House, a i lawelawe 'ia i ke ao ma luna o ka mokuna o aneea oneiaey, lakou mau pono kalaiaina ma ke aupuni i ka pane pālākiō - 6, a me na liberties - 5 (ka hoʻohana' ana i ka unahiʻole, i mai 1 a hiki i 7, ma ka helu 1 - ka mea kiekie loa kōmi). Ia mea, i ka noho alii ana o ke kaiāulu kanaka, Nazarbayev ike "i noa."

Kākau o ka puke

• "Epicenter o Pilimehana".
• "Me ka haʻalele a me ka pololei."
• "Aneea oneiaey ka alanui".
• "Ma o ka paepae puka o ka 21st kenekulia."
• "Kremlin make hopena."
• "Ma ke kahe mōʻaukala" listen'ōlelo.

kākau 'atikala

• "Noho pilikia makahiki".
• "Ka haku akahele."
• "Economic hoʻohui '- ka mea, aohe kumu makemake."
• "Aoao o ka hoʻoponopono pilikia aeuneii? Sea māhele 'āina."
• "Ka hou rula, na nā paleki kahiko."
• "Ka hopena o ka 'ona: aʻe, a inā pilikia ka haumāna".
• "Aneea oneiaey ka hoʻokele waiwai: ka manaʻolana 'ia a me ka Pahele"
• "Eulńsia wa: i ke kō o ka hoʻohui 'Loaʻaʻia" listen'ōlelo.

inoa

Ma May 2010, i ka lunakanawai o ka Majilis Ua hala he AEeAaOA o ka bila e haawi i ka meʻe o kēia 'atikala i ka kūlana o ka alihi kaua o ke aupuni. Kēia kūlana Ua häʻawi mai ai iä Nursultan a i ka hopena o ke ola, aole ia e hilinaʻi ma ehia na makahiki, Peresidena Nazarbayev e lawe i kona mau pou. Ia mea, ia mea ma e e komo kekahi hihia i loko o ka ōhumu o ke kino i hāpai 'pili ana i na wahi lulu, a kuwaho. Eia hou kekahi, Nazarbayev ia ia iho a me na lala a pau o kona 'ohana, e e kaawale mai karaima aie.

Ke kiʻi i loko o ka nohona

Ma 2011, hele mai kekahi mau kiʻi depicting i ke kiʻi o Peresidena Nursultan Nazarbayev. O kēia mau mea, i ka hoolohe aʻo e pili ana i ka wa kahiko Nazarbayev (Peresidena o aneea oneiaey a ianoiyuaa a ma '74), e like me aʻo e pili ana i ke ki minute o kona Kawaihae. Au makemake e olelo aku i kekahi mau olelo e pili ana i ka manaʻoe kūkulu he "Ka Sky o kuʻu wā kamaliʻi a". Ke ho film e haʻi ana i kona wā kamaliʻi a me ka wa opiopio Nazarbayev. No hoi nana i ka hana keaka "Teren tamyrlar" i hoolaa ai i ka 20th lā hoʻomanaʻo o aneea oneiaey ka kūʻokoʻa.

hana hoʻonanea

Ua noa i ike ehia na makahiki kēia manawa, a Nazarbayev ua kahaha i loko o kēia mau makahiki o ka pelekikena nui Radio kolepa, Hana, a me ke nânâ i iaoeo e.

hana hoihoi 'kūʻiʻo

• December 1, aneea oneiaey hana Peresidena ka Day, i hina i loko o ka waeʻano o ka moku'āina aiiia.
• Loipālākiō Handelsblatt nüpepa, Nazarbayev mea i loko o ka luna 10 richest luna o ka Honua a me kā lākou mau aina kona palena mana. Me ka waiwai o ka $ 1.1 ieeeea? Nursultan Nazarbayev lawe 10th wahi.
• Ma ka Kazakh karaima Code mai i ka 'atikala hoomaopopo ana i hoʻopaʻi no ka hoouka i ke ola o ka aina o ka alakaʻi make hoopai. A me ka mea pili a hiki ina ka ho'āʻo i pau ai ma ka ole.
• Ma ka Chechen Repubalika, o Ioredane a me Tureke, ua haawiia mai i kekahi mau alanui i kona inoa.
• Ka mea, o kekahi o na poe koa e ae elua o ka manawa ma ka oihana. Kēia ke hoala mai i ka Logical nīnau: "Pehea na makahiki aliʻi ma ka Nazarbayev?" Pane: 26 makahiki. Kākau na kanaka mua o ka moku'āinaʻo ia lanakila 'o ia i ka 1989. Ka lua-manawa - Hoʻomana Mohameka Karimov (pelekikena Uzbekistan).
• Ke mau ano o ka Nazarbayev poʻe - $ 7 ieeeea?.
• Ukraine, Tureke a me Aeiaoeineiai nā kia hoʻomanaʻo i ia ia.
• I ka 2013, i ka punaewele o ka Nupepa "New York Times" i ka pane lākiō o kaʻino dictators o Asia. Ka mea, ua Nursultan Nazarbayev. Pehea kahiko o ka pelekikena ma ka mana a me ka mea successes loaʻa i loko o keia manawa, i kona aupuni, i ka lehulehu ākea i i malama. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui ua ia,ʻo readership.
• Competition "Best Dictator o ka Year" i mālama i loko o 2014 ma ka Palani geopolitical waena no ka hoʻopaʻa 'ana i ka hewa. Nursultan Nazarbayev i mua wahi, e lanakila 100 Euro.
• Ma February, 2014, Nazarbayev i manaoia e Kapa hou i loko o aneea oneiaey Kazak. E kū'ē i ke kāʻei kua o ka devaluation o ke aupuni kālā, i ke kūkala hoʻonāukiuki akula i kekahi poʻe'ē he naoh i loko o ke kaiaulu.